• The Journal of Korea Robotics Society
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• v.4 no.4
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• pp.281-288
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• 2009

Nowadays, many robots have evolved to imitate human social skills such that sociable interaction with humans is possible. Socially interactive robots require abilities different from that of conventional robots. For instance, human-robot interactions are accompanied by emotion similar to human-human interactions. Robot emotional expression is thus very important for humans. This is particularly true for facial expressions, which play an important role in communication amongst other non-verbal forms. In this paper, we introduce a method of creating lifelike facial expressions in robots using variation of affect values which consist of the robot's emotions based on emotional boundaries. The proposed method was examined by experiments of two facial robot simulators.

• 한국HCI학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2008.02a
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• pp.540-546
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• 2008

In the near future, robots should be able to understand human's emotional states and exhibit appropriate behaviors accordingly. In Human-Human Interaction, the 93% consist of the speaker's nonverbal communicative behavior. Bodily movements provide information of the quantity of emotion. Latest personal robots can interact with human using multi-modality such as facial expression, gesture, LED, sound, sensors and so on. However, a posture needs a position and an orientation only and in facial expression or gesture, movements are involved. Verbal, vocal, musical, color expressions need time information. Because synchronization among multi-modalities is a key problem, emotion expression needs a systematic approach. On the other hand, at low intensity of surprise, the face could be expressed but the gesture could not be expressed because a gesture is not linear. It is need to decide the emotional boundaries for effective robot behavior generation and synchronization with another expressible method. If it is so, how can we define emotional boundaries? And how can multi-modality be synchronized each other?

• Journal of the Korean housing association
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• v.22 no.1
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• pp.57-64
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• 2011

The purpose of this study is to investigate design elements to strengthen apartment communities in territoriality perspectives. To this end, the study first identified the functions of territoriality to communities, and examined precedent studies on community planning. Then, looking into actual apartment, the study analyzed design elements of the apartments by territoriality functions, and found significant community-building and community-strengthening elements. The results of case studies are as follows: Specific design elements are 1) both individual and shared places from the perspective of possession, 2) both physical boundaries including visible mark and physical demarcation, and emotional boundaries including space arrangement and visual expansion from the perspective of boundary-regulation, 3) both physical proximity, such as providing space for physical encounter and easy access, and emotional proximity such as homogeneity and intimacy from the perspective of proximity 4) design differentiation and adoption of the design concept to express the identity of the community from the perspective of proximity personalization.

• Journal of Popular Narrative
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• v.25 no.2
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• pp.9-32
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• 2019

This paper tried to analyze the post-human phenomenon of our age with a focus on the 'emotional machine' motif. The post-humans of our time are closely linked to the creatures in very old storie. The post-human concept is based on the universal and intellectual imagination of humanity that is shared beyond humanities and technical civilizations, cultural and historical boundaries between East and West. This paper is about the creatures from mythical stories that have fascinated human beings, the mechanical humans who brought fear through the sophisticated mechanism of technology civilization era, the post humans. Through my process of looking at the post humans, I sought to clarify the conditions of the sensitivity and humanity of the age. In the process, we come to understand the vagueness of the boundaries between human beings, nature, and machines, and study the coexistence of humans, nature, and machines in the post-human era of the 21^st century, beyond the limitations of human-centered humanity.

• Korean Institute of Interior Design Journal
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• v.24 no.2
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• pp.88-99
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• 2015

As architecture is designed for humans to live in based on practicality, what one experiences within such spaces is important. Such experiences are not felt only by appreciating the structure's appearance, but involve physical presence inside the space and the deepening of the individuals relationship with the space through the body's sensory perception. However, in modern times there is a much greater tendency to rely on superficial experiences by way of images or tastes rather than more meaningful human participation, while the standardization of the object universe is gradually erasing the uniqueness of experience. In light of this, the restoration of emotional and sensory spatial experiences through the design of sensory spaces can be regarded as an important task in modern spatial design. This study contemplated the meaning of emotional spatial experiences through a phenomenological understanding of such experiences, and analyzed the meaning and main factors in the creation of spatial atmosphere as a phenomenon of spatial experience. In addition, we highlighted the fact that spatial atmosphere can be applied as space design methodology by devising methods of expression through an analysis of actual examples. O.F. Bollnow's space theory and the spatial design of Peter Zumthor were the subjects of this analysis. The spatial atmosphere analyzed using Bullnow's theory is a phenomenon in which both the human and space are connected and the ensuing spatial experience embodies the emotions of both. This spatial atmosphere can be understood as a condition in which the human and space are fused together. Furthermore, coincidental/accidental meeting, mediums using potential objects, reorganization of the center due to autonomous boundaries, as well as the three temporalities were identified as the main factors in the creation of spatial atmosphere. Based on this analysis, through the identification of methods of expression for spatial atmosphere in Zumthor's spaces.

• Proceedings of the Acoustical Society of Korea Conference
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• spring
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• pp.15-18
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• 2002

Prosodic features of speech are known to play an important role in the transmission of linguistic information in human conversation. Their roles in the transmission of para- and non- linguistic information are even much more. In spite of their importance in human conversation, from engineering viewpoint, research focuses are mainly placed on segmental features, and not so much on prosodic features. With the aim of promoting research works on prosody, a research project 'Prosody and Speech Processing' is now going on. A rough sketch of the project is first given in the paper. Then, the paper introduces several prosody-related research works, which are going on in our laboratory. They include, corpus-based fundamental frequency contour generation, speech rate control for dialogue-like speech synthesis, analysis of prosodic features of emotional speech, reply speech generation in spoken dialogue systems, and language modeling with prosodic boundaries.

• Information Systems Review
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• v.18 no.4
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• pp.69-88
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• 2016

Nowadays, organizations have adopted Smart Work to efficiently manage tasks, such as electronic document approval, customer management, and site inspection, without spatial-temporal constraints. Smartphones, which are commonly used in Smart Work, enable individuals to perform their jobs anytime and anywhere, thus blurring the boundary between work and non-work. To solve the problem of blurred work/non-work boundaries, a construct of self-control and affective factors needs to be considered because business style is changed from command to autonomy in the Smart Work context. Moreover, employees can convey their emotions easily over smartphones. Recent marketing studies have analyzed consumers' behavior based on the combination of cognitive, affective, and behavioral components, and researchers of information systems are also interested in these factors. However, previous research has some limitations, such as not classifying factors into cognitive, affective, and behavioral as well as not covering all three factors. Therefore, we explore the roles of cognitive, affective, and behavioral components in emotional exhaustion and education performance, and conduct a survey on undergraduate and graduate students, who are the major users of smartphones. Findings show that when individuals improve their cognitive capability (self-control) and usage experience (smartphone communication and internet usage), they can decrease emotional exhaustion and increase education performance. In the role of affective capability, increasing education performance is partially accepted. These results imply that organizations should not focus on controlling the usage of smartphones but on promoting appropriate smartphone usage.

• 한국사회복지학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2002.10a
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• pp.3-19
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• 2002

The problems and needs of families in Hong Kong are becoming more complex. Traditional family structures and functions are rapidly eroding. Moreover, family problems are further exacerbated by a growing number of socio-economic issues including rising divorce rates and extra-marital affairs. continuous family reunion migration from Mainland China, emotional and financial cost of caring for the older people and the changing economy which has pushed more families into hardship. In effect, more and more families are becoming vulnerable to risk. Traditional family services in Hong Kong are varied in mode, operation and provision, often overlapping in service boundaries with other family-oriented programs. In many instances, family service centers are stretched far beyond their capacity. As a consequence, they become too reactive, remedial and casework dominated. The University of Hong Kong Consultant Team recommended that family service programs have to protect vulnerable families and strengthen family capacities to promote maximum independence. The direction of family services is summarized as: strengthening families; child-centered, family-focused and community-based. New integrative family service centers aim at attaining the principles of promoting accessibility to users with minimum physical, psychological and administrative barriers; early identification of needs and intervention before the further deterioration of problems; integration of services cutting across program boundaries, and partnership between service providers to achieve efficient and effective use of scarce resources. Under the new model, multi-skilled teams can respond more proactively to a wide range of social needs, rather than addressing needs in isolation. To demonstrate the effectiveness of the new model, the consultant team has been commissioned by the government to evaluate the performance of these two-year pilot projects. More importantly, a coherent and family-friendly social policy should be formulated to strengthen family capacity against family-related problems.

• Journal of Fashion Business
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• v.14 no.4
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• pp.74-90
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• 2010

The history of contemporary art in the 20th century can be said the history of changes. Today the variety of objects destroy the boundaries of each genre. This study aims to understand the relationship between fashion and art that becomes closer by examining contemporary art in the Gwangju Biennale 2008 to enlarge the range of understanding of mutual communication between contemporary art and fabrics which are the object of fashion. The research method was to investigate the characteristics and expression methods of object fabrics shown in contemporary art through the review of papers published at home and abroad, related literatures, and Internet materials. Also, the meaning, technique, and methods of fabrics were analyzed from works introduced in the Gwangju Biennale 2008. In order to achieve this purpose, fabric was examined as the object of work in Gwangju Biennale 2008. As a result, it is found that fabric plays an important role in changing environment newly with more dynamic, abundant, and comfortable and softer feeling than any other artistic materials and enlarging the boundaries of artistic materials by exploring formative possibility. Furthermore, its multi-dimensional expression characteristic presents unbounded possibility. Fabric which has long formed close relationship with human life has taken its place as one genre now. It departs from the past principles of fabric handicraft and the restriction of a classical norm and becomes characteristic of very wide-ranging selection of materials and free expression. Its soft and warm texture provides emotional stability for a human. Although the peculiarity of fabric as an active concept to human environment and new materials and technique based on the aesthetic consciousness of a human rely on the high development of industry, it is significant that artists' liberation from their concept and material sense is accompanied by the expression of freedom.

• Journal of the Korea Furniture Society
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• v.26 no.2
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• pp.101-111
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• 2015

Today, boundaries between genres are collapsed and there are mutual convergence and consilience in each field of the society. In art and design, new concepts for the convergence of art and design, such as graft of 'art and design' and 'technology and art', 'art design', 'commercialization of art', etc, are suggested. Especially, furniture is changed from the furniture as a living tool whose purpose is practical properties to the furniture combined by artistic properties and emotional factors with a concept related to the convergence of art and design, such as 'design as an art', 'useable art', etc. For the evidence, Artfurniture which was treated as just a part of decorative arts is focused by expressive media of the convergence between art and design and it became a genre of independent art. In addition, it is approaching to people as 'furniture as an art' and 'art as furniture'. Popularization of art and art of design are generalized and now, it's meaningless to divide the boundary between art and design. Before the discussion about convergence of each concept in non-boundary phenomena of art and design, it should be grasp essentials of art and design and understand the boundaries. The exploration of the essences and roles will be the first step to find new value through the convergence of art and design. Therefore, this thesis intends to grasp the stream value of two concepts have been changed by examining periodical situation, market changes, etc. from division between previous art and design to modern times, based on them, analyze roles of art and design in modern artfurniture and interpret relations between art and design for current time.