• 아동학회지
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• 제21권4호
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• pp.21-34
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• 2000

This investigation of developmental trends in children's emotional intelligence used the Emotional Intelligence Rating Scale for Preschool Children(Kim, 1998) to study 973 children. Significant age differences were found in 5 factors: 'utilization of emotion', 'regulation of emotion', 'handling of relationship between child and teacher' and 'handling of relationship with peers'. Children's emotional intelligence scores increased with age in 3 factors: 'utilization of emotion', 'empathy', and 'regulation of emotion'. Sex differences were found in 5 factors: 'utilization of emotion', 'empathy', 'appraisal and expression of self emotion', 'regulation of emotion', and 'handling of relationship between child and teacher'. In all factors, the scores of girls were higher than those the scores of boys.

• 대한가정학회지
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• 제39권3호
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• pp.67-81
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• 2001

The purpose of this investigation was to examine whether early child-care experience, alone or in combination with mother/child factors, was associated with emotion regulation. Participants were forty 12-18 month-old infants, their mothers and their caregivers. Infants were observed in the Strange Situation to assess the pattern of emotion regulation. Mothers were interviewed, given Questionnaires, and observed in play. Caregivers were observed in child care to assess the caregiving environment. There were significant main effects of good quality child care on open emotion expression and heightening emotion expression. Significant interaction effects revealed that infants were more likely to be open emotion expression when high maternal sensitivity /responsiveness was combined with good quality child care, or nonmaterial care initiated prior to six month of age. Infants were more likely to be minimizing emotion expression when low maternal sensitivity/responsiveness was combined with nonmaternal care initiated after six month of age, or more than one care arrangement. Difficult temperament infants received nonrelative care were somewhat more likely to be minimizing emotion expression. Infants were more Likely to be heightening emotion expression when high maternal sensitivity/responsiveness was combined with relative care. Boys experiencing nonrelative care were more Likely to be heightening emotion expression.

• 아동학회지
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• 제21권3호
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• pp.5-23
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• 2000

This study of the characteristics and the relationships of children's emotional intelligence (EQ) and self-esteem had a sample of 1060 5th grade children. The rank order of four EQ factors from highest to lowest was "perception of emotion", "other-regulation and self-expression", "self-regulation and emotion utilization", and "empathy". Among self-esteem factors, "general self-worth" had the highest correlation with overall self-esteem; "physical appearance" was most strongly correlated with "general self-worth". Relationships between EQ and self-esteem showed that higher EQ was associated with higher self-esteem. Among EQ factors, "other-regulation and self-expression" was the strongest predictor of "behavioral conduct." The next strongest predictor of self-esteem among EQ factors was "self-regulation and utilization of emotion". Other self-esteem factors well predicted by EQ were "general self-worth", and "scholastic competence".

• Asian Journal of Business Environment
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• 제5권4호
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• pp.13-18
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• 2015

Purpose - Based on previous studies, this study extends current research and investigates whether the sub-factors of emotional intelligence increase job satisfaction or employee intrinsic and extrinsic motivation and perceived organizational support. Research design, data, and methodology - This study categorizes service employees' (consultants) emotional intelligence into four sub-factors: regulation of emotion, appraisal of emotion, utilization of emotion, and expression of emotion. The study then investigates the sub-factor effects on job satisfaction. A total of 353 valid questionnaires were collected. Results - The results of the path analysis showed that appraisal, utilization, and expression of emotion had a positive effect on intrinsic motivation, and utilization of emotion had a positive effect on extrinsic motivation. Extrinsic motivation had a positive effect on perceived organizational support and job satisfaction, and perceived organizational support had a positive effect on job satisfaction. Conclusion - As consultants' utilization of emotion is rendered as the ability to use emotion to improve performance, the conclusion is that such factors as monetary performance incentives are important in order to boost job satisfaction of the consultants.

• 디지털융복합연구
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• 제15권12호
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• pp.563-571
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• 2017

본 연구는 디지털 환경에 적용될 수 있는 디지털 눈 콘텐츠의 감성 표현 요소를 정립하는데 목적이 있다. 특히, 스마트 인형의 적용 가능한 감성을 도출하고, 각 감성에 대한 표현 요소의 가이드라인을 제안하고자 한다. 본 연구를 위하여 첫째, 문헌 정보, 애니메이션, 실제 사람의 영상을 바탕으로 눈으로 표현되는 감성 표현에 대한 개념 및 특징을 연구한다. 둘째, FGI를 통해 스마트 인형의 디지털 눈에 필요한 6가지 감정 -Happy, Angry, Sad, Relaxed, Sexy, Pure-을 정의하고, 각 감성에 따른 표현 요소를 추출하였다. 셋째, 추출된 요소를 분석하여 디지털 눈의 감성 표현에 대한 가이드라인을 정립하였다. 연구 결과 각 감성을 구분하고 표현하기 위한 요소는 눈매, 시선, 홍채 크기, 특수 효과의 총 4가지로 나타났고 각 감성 별로 구분되는 요소별 정의와 특징을 도출하였다. 얼굴 표정에 있어서 가장 중요한 요소인 눈에 대한 감성 표현 연구는 애니메이션을 포함한 디지털 콘텐츠와 로봇, 스마트 인형 등의 감성 커뮤니케이션 효과를 높일 수 있는 방법으로 활용될 수 있을 것이다.

• 한국컴퓨터정보학회논문지
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• 제19권6호
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• pp.37-48
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• 2014

사회감성은 다양한 사회적 네트워크가 형성됨으로서 우리생활에서 의사소통의 질적 관점에서 중요한 요인으로 대두되고 있다. 이러한 사회감성을 이해하기 위해서 감성의 어휘적 의미와 표현에서 보여 지는 유의성을 검증하고 분석하여 사회감성의 복합적인 의미를 이해하고자 한다. 본 연구에서 의사소통의 대표적인 채널인 SNS(Social Network Service)상에서 감성표현 결과를 이용하여 그 의미와 표현에 대한 척도를 구하고 군집분석을 통해서 그 차이를 깊이 있게 이해하려고 하였다. 분석결과 사회감성요인은 부정적 평가 요인 항목이 긍정적 요인에 비교하여 비중이 높은 반면, 사회감성 표현은 긍정적인 표현이 상당히 많이 제시되는 것으로 나타났다. 사회감성요인에 대한 분류에서 기본 감성이나 유인가로 구분이 가능한 반면에 감성표현에서는 사회감성에서 요구되는 부가적인 내용을 복합적인 의미로 내포하고 있으며 양가적 내용 특성 포함하고 있다.

• 통합자연과학논문집
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• 제7권1호
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• pp.50-56
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• 2014

To explore effects on each the emotional awareness, emotional expression, emotional empathy, and emotional regulation, of the sub-factors of the child's emotional intelligence, to mural preference, emotion cultivation, and community connection, the hierarchical multiple regression analyses are performed(as in Table 1, 2, and 3). As the results, we found the following facts. Children's mural preference, emotion cultivation, and community connection were expressed by the following equations in order, respectively. Mural Preference = $.170{\times}$[Emotional Awareness](t=2.118, $p=.036^*$) - $.025{\times}$[Emotional Expression](t=-.275, p=.783) + $.088{\times}$[Emotional Empathy](t=.938, p=.350) + $.139{\times}$[Emotional Regulation] (t=1.529, p=.128). Mural Emotion Cultivation = $-.021{\times}$[Emotional Awareness](t=-.294, p=.769) - $.205{\times}$[Emotional Expression](t=-2.573, $p=.011^*$) + $.265{\times}$[Emotional Empathy](t=3.156, $p=.002^*$) + $.192{\times}$[Emotional Regulation](t=2.361, $p=.019^*$). Mural Community Connection = $-.001{\times}$[Emotional Awareness](t=-.007, p=.995) - $.132{\times}$[Emotional Expression](t=-1.478, p=.141) + $.172{\times}$[Emotional Empathy](t=1.732, $p=.027^*$) + $.098{\times}$[Emotional Regulation](t=1.072, p=.285).

• 디지털융복합연구
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• 제17권12호
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• pp.289-296
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• 2019

본 연구는 입원한 알콜의존환자가 지각하는 신체상, 정서표현신념 및 의사소통 능력의 정도와 상관관계를 파악하고 의사소통능력에 영향을 미치는 요인을 알아보기 위해 실시하였다. 자료 수집은 J시 소재 2개 정신전문병원과 S시에 소재한 1개 정신전문병원에 입원 중인 151명의 알코올의존 환자들을 대상으로 구조화된 설문지를 이용하였다. 자료수집 기간은 2018년 10월 11일부터 11월 20일 까지였다. 자료는 SPSS/WIN 21.0을 이용하여 T-test, ANOVA, 상관관계 분석과 다중회귀 분석을 사용하였다. 알코올의존 환자의 신체상과 정서표현 신념은 유의한 부적 상관관계, 신체상과 의사소통능력은 정적 상관관계가 있었고. 정서표현신념과 의사소통능력은 부적 상관관계가 있었다. 의사소통능력에 영향을 미치는 요인은 신체상, 학력, 정서표현신념이었고 총 설명력은 24.9%였다. 따라서 알코올의존환자의 의사소통 능력을 향상시키기 위하여 긍정적인 신체상을 가지도록하며 정서표현신념을 낮출 필요가 있다. 본 연구결과가 알코올 의사소통능력을 향상시키는데 기초자료로 활용될 수 있을 것이다.

• 한국콘텐츠학회논문지
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• 제9권9호
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• pp.125-133
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• 2009

오늘날 디지털 기반 커뮤니케이션 환경 속의 사용자들은 상호작용이 가능한 커뮤니케이션을 원하게 되면서, 사용자 중심의 감정표현 도구를 개발할 필요성이 대두되고 있다. 본 연구는 실시간으로 변화하는 개인화된 감정표현이 가능한 감성캐릭터를 개발하기 위한 목적을 가진 기초연구이다. 이를 위해 현재 얼굴표정을 중심으로 감정을 표현하는 기술이 어떻게 구현되고 있는지 국내외 연구동향 및 감성캐릭터를 사용한 다양한 서비스 사례분석을 통해 향후 감성캐릭터의 개발 방향을 제시해보고자 한다.

• 경영과정보연구
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• 제25권
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• pp.243-273
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• 2008

A new research paradigm is emerging within organizational behavior, in both theory and empiricism, based on the increasing recognition of the importance of emotions to organizational life. This paper suggest that emotion intelligence play a moderate variables in relationship of emotion labor and emotional exhaustion. More specifically, it is proposed that emotional intelligence, the ability to understand and manage emotions in the employee self and others, contribute to effective emotions management in organizations. Four major aspects of emotion labor, appraisal and expression of emotion in oneself, appraisal and recognition of emotion in others, regulation of emotion in oneself and use of emotion to facilitate performance, are described. Also, the emotional intelligence are consists of four aspects, frequency of appropriate emotional display, attentiveness to required displayed rules, variety of emotions to be displayed and emotional dissonance. Then I propose how emotional intelligence contributes to of relations the emotion labor and emotional exhaustion. The purpose of this research is to investigate the impact of emotion labor to employee's emotional exhaustion to explore the moderating effects of the emotional intelligence between the emotion labor and emotional exhaustion. To complete the research the data were collected through a questionnaire from 147 employees from service company. After multi-hierarchical regression analysis, the outcomes of this study are the employee's emotional exhaustion are affected negatively by the three factors: major aspects of emotion labor, regulation of emotion in oneself, use of emotion to facilitate performance, make the moderation effect between emotion labor and emotional intelligence. These results indicate that instilling in others an appreciation of the importance of work activities: encouraging of true expression individual emotions, generating and maintaining well emotional climate and cooperation situations, and managing a meaningful environment for an organizational life.