• 한국환경과학회지
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• 제28권4호
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• pp.455-464
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• 2019

BAT-AEL(Best Available Techniques Associate Emission Level) is the basis for establishing permissible emission standards for the workplace. Therefore, it is necessary to formulate a regulated BAT-AEL setting methodology that is generally applicable to all relevant industries. For the BAT-AEL settings, various factors should be considered such as the pollutants item, whether the workplace is subject to integrated pollution prevention and control, whether BAT is applicable, the basic data type, the emission classification system, and the suitability of the collected data. Among these factors, it is the most important factor to establish the classification system for the emitting facilities such that the emission characteristics of an industrial facility and its pollutants can be effectively reflected. Furthermore the target of the survey workplace should adhere to the BAT guidelines, even if it is a workplace that is subject to an the integrated environmental system. Certified data (SEMS, TMS, cleanSYS, WEMS, etc.) can be used to prioritize the classification system for the emission facility and the emission levels of pollutants. However, the self-measured data, daily logs, and questionnaire data from the workplace can also be used upon agreement of the relevant TWG. The collected data should only be used only when the facility is operating normally. Data that have been determined to be outliers or inappropriate validation methods should also be excluded. The BAT-AEL can be establish by adhering to the following procedure: 1) investigate all relevant workplaces with in the industry, 2)select workplaces for integrated management, 3)Identify BAT application, 4)identify whether BAT is generally applicable, 5)establish a classification system for emitting facilities, 6)collection available data, 7)verify conformity, 8)remove of outliers, 9)prepare the BAT-AEL draft, 10)deliberate, and 11) perform the confirmation procedure.

• 오토저널
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• 제3권1호
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• pp.46-53
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• 1981

This paper describes emission control of hydrocarbon and carbon-monoxide due to oxidizing catalyst. The experiment was performed on a precious metal pelleted catalyst(Pt). The factors of the efficiency for purification due to oxidizing catalyst are space velocity, temperature, composition of exhaust gas and supplementary air. The experiment was carried out to control the factors of efficiency for purification. The results of experimental study show that temperature of catalytic converter, supplementary air and space velocity affected the efficiency for purification of hydrocarbon and carbon monoxide.

• 한국터널지하공간학회 논문집
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• 제19권3호
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• pp.409-420
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• 2017

터널환기 계획시 소요환기량은 환기시설 용량을 결정하기 위한 중요한 인자이며, 소요환기량 산정을 위한 차종별 오염 물질 배출량(환기설계를 위한 기준배출량)은 현재 환경부에서 제시하는 '제작차 허용배출 기준'을 근거하여 산정하고 있다. 그러나, 2013년부터 환경부에서는 자동차에서 배출되는 오염물질을 산정하기 위한 규정으로 '자동차 총 오염물질 배출량 산정방법에 관한 규정'을 고시하고 이 규정에 '자동차 차종별 배출계수'를 제시하고 있다. 따라서 도로터널의 소요환기량 산정시 이를 적용하는 것에 대한 검토가 필요한 실정이다. 본 연구에서는 2015년 경유차량의 배출가스 조작사건 이후 자동차 배출가스 규제강화에 따라 터널의 소요환기량 산정에 미치는 영향을 검토하였으며, 최근 환경부에서 개정한 '제작차 허용배출량 기준'과 '자동차 차종별 배출계수'에 의한 소요환기량과 EURO 배출기준을 적용한 소요환기량을 비교 분석하였다. 또한 소요환기량 산정 근거에 따른 합리적인 환기시스템 용량결정을 위한 기초 설계자료를 제공하는 것을 목적으로 한다.

• 한국산림과학회지
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• 제103권4호
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• pp.593-598
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• 2014

본 연구는 주요 4개 난대수종에 대한 탄소배출계수를 개발하고 이를 이용하여 탄소저장/흡수량을 산정하고자 하였다. 대상 수종은 구실잣밤나무, 동백나무, 붉가시나무 및 종가시나무였으며, 이들에 대한 탄소배출계수는 다음과 같이 도출되었다. 탄소배출계수 중 하나인 목재기본밀도는 구실잣밤나무 0.583, 동백나무 0.657, 붉가시나무 0.833, 종가시나무 0.763이었으며, 이들 계수에 대한 불확도는 5.3~17.9%의 범위에 있는 것으로 나타났다. 바이오매스 확장계수는 구실잣밤나무 1.386, 동백나무 2.621, 붉가시나무 1.701, 종가시나무 2.123이었으며, 이들에 대한 불확도는 14.7~30.5%의 범위에 있었다. 또한 뿌리 함량비는 구실잣밤나무 0.454, 동백나무 0.356, 붉가시나무 0.191, 종가시나무 0.299이었으며, 이들에 대한 불확도는 19.8~35.7%의 범위에 있는 것으로 나타났다. 목재기본밀도 등 3개의 탄소배출계수는 모두 FAO에서 권장하는 40% 이하의 불확도를 갖고 있으므로 국가고유계수로 활용할 수 있을 것으로 판단된다. 난대지역에 분포하는 주요 4개 수종에 대한 탄소저장량을 산정한 결과, 구실잣밤나무 $186.10tCO_2/ha$, 동백나무 $280.63tCO_2/ha$, 붉가시나무 $344.04tCO_2/ha$, 종가시나무 $278.91tCO_2/ha$으로 나타났으며, 연간 탄소흡수량은 $6.65tCO_2/ha/yr$, $6.25tCO_2/ha/yr$, $11.70tCO_2/ha/yr$, $12.29tCO_2/ha/yr$으로 각각 나타났다. 이러한 정보는 난대지역 상록활엽수림 경영관리에 있어 중요한 정보가 될 것이며, 기후변화에 의한 산림 식생대 변화를 대비하는 정책적 자료로 활용될 수 있을 것으로 사료된다.

• 한국환경농학회지
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• 제26권1호
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• pp.1-6
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• 2007

본 연구에서는 바이오가스의 연소엔진을 이용한 에너지 전환시에 발생되는 $NO_x$와 CO의 배출특성을 분석하고 나아가 배출계수를 산정하고자 하였다. 바이오가스의 주성분인 메탄을 70%로 한 합성가스를 이용하여 실험한 결과 연소엔진의 표준상태에서 $NO_x$와 CO가 각각 4 ppm과 100 ppm의 배출농도를 나타내었고, 이는 1.29g/MMBtu와 30.86 g/MMBtu의 배출계수 값을 산정할 수 있었다. 바이오가스의 주성분인 메탄을 60%로 한 약간의 과잉공기의 상태에서는 $NO_x$와 CO가 각각 2 ppm과 200 ppm의 배출농도를 나타내었고, 이는 정격 조건에 비해 투입열량이 적어져 연소온도의 저하로 인하여 열적 반응에 의해 생성되는 $NO_x$는 줄고, CO는 증가함을 알 수 있었다. 미국 EPA의 배출계수를 비교하기 위하여 투입된 연료의 열량을 기준으로 비교해 볼 때 본 연구의 결과가 $NO_x$의 경우 근사한 값을 보여 주었고, 이는 국내 바이오 가스 연소시의 오염배출계수로 잘 적용 가능함을 보여 주었다. 본 연구에서 사용한 가스엔진이 오염배출 측면에서 대기 환경보전법상의 배출 허용기준 내에서 가동됨을 알 수 있었고, 가동조건에 따라 연소온도를 증가시킴으로서 CO의 발생을 저감시킬 수 있으리라 사료된다.

• 전기학회논문지
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• 제56권3호
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• pp.481-490
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• 2007

WASP which is used to plan generation expansion has disadvantages that can't manage environmental factors and regional supply-demand planning. But with the effectuation of the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC) and Kyoto Protocol, it is expected that reducing greenhouse gases affects power system in its long-term generation expansion planning. Therefore national countermeasures is needed. This paper formulates a mathematical model considering CO2 emission constraints and Emission Trading that will be enforced. This model is based on the MEFISET (Model for Economic Feasibility of Interstate Electrical Ties) which was made by Korea Energy Economics Institute and Hong-ik university and manages generation expansion planning. And this mathematical model is verified by studying a case system.

• 소음진동
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• 제6권6호
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• pp.843-849
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• 1996

Locations and emission characteristics of noise source of motor vehicles are great important factors to control the road traffic noise in effective ways. From results of this study on emission characteristics of engine and exhaust noise, we could find that every noise emission of different kind of vehicles has smilar pattern. The main emission locations of engine noise for the front of vehicle became the space between the road surface and bottom of the body and radiator grill, and for the side of vehicle became the space between the road surface and bottom nearby the front wheel. In case of exhaust noise of passenger-car and light truck, all the highest sound intensity level located near surface of road. But it is hard to conclude the height of noise source of driving vehicles with only results of this study. So further studies are needed to check the emission characteristics of noise.

• 한국환경과학회지
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• 제19권5호
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• pp.627-637
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• 2010

Emission rate of monoterpene and isoprene was measured in five commonly growing tree species of conifers(Pinus thunbergii, Abies koreana, Cryptomeria japonica, Pinus densiflora, Chamaecyparis obtusa) at the Halla mountain sites. Dynamic flow enclosure technique was used and gas samples were collected into Tenax tube. The highest and lowest hourly emission rate was observed in Abies koreana (1.86 ${\mu}g$/gdw/hr) and Chamaecyparis obtusa (0.52 ${\mu}g$/gdw/hr), respectively. The major species of monoterpene from pine trees were ${\alpha}$-pinene, ${\beta}$-pinene, ${\beta}$-phellandrene, myrcene. Particularly, d-limonene was abundant in Abies koreana but ${\alpha}$-pinene, $d^3$-carene and sabinene was in Cryptomeria japonica. Emission rates of isoprene show less significant than those of monoterpene. And also seasonal emission rates of monoterpene were dependent on environmental factors such as temperature.

• 한국대기환경학회지
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• 제20권2호
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• pp.205-213
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• 2004

The emission characteristics of mercury in waste incinerators were investigated to get basic data for the policy development on the emission reduction of mercury (Hg). For the study several important factors were analysed from 4 incinerators such as mercury concentration, emission factors and removal rate for control devices. The results are listed below. Mercury concentrations in the flue gas were 0.39～5.96 $\mu\textrm{g}$/S㎥ in MWI and 2.5～8.8 $\mu\textrm{g}$/S㎥ in IWI. The distributions of gaseous and particulate mercury in flue gas were above 99% and below 1 %, respectively. Therefore, in order to remove mercury effectively, it is important to control the gaseous mercury. Mercury concentrations in fly ash collected from control device were found as 16.2～35.6 mg/kg- ash in FF of MWI. Also mercury concentrations at the front and back point of control device of MWI were 33.45～62.65 $\mu\textrm{g}$/S㎥ and 0.88～3.49 $\mu\textrm{g}$/S㎥, respectively. Emission factors were estimated as 3.67～11.67 mg/ton in FF, 2.6～24.5 mg/ton in MWI with SNCR, SDR and FF, 54.9～192.7 mg/ton in IWI with Cyclone and FF. Emissions from Municipal Waste Incinerator were found both in minimum and maximum ranges. Annual mercury emissions emitted from MWI was estimated as 20.0 kg (6.0～33.9 kg).

• 한국대기환경학회지
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• 제24권4호
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• pp.423-438
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• 2008

BEIS2 (Biogenic Emissions Inventory System version 2) and BEIS3.12 (BEIS version 3.12) were used to estimate hourly biogenic emissions over South Korea using a set of vegetation and meteorological data simulated with the MM5 (Mesoscale Model version 5). Two biogenic emission models utilized different emission factors and showed different responses to solar radiations, resulting in about $10{\sim}20%$ difference in the nationwide isoprene emission estimates. Among the 11-vegetation classes, it was found that mixed forest and deciduous forest are the most important vegetation classes producing isoprene emissions over South Korea comprising ${\sim}90%$ of the total. The simulated isoprene concentrations over Seoul metropolitan area show that diurnal and daily variations match relatively well with the PAMS (Photochemical Air Monitoring Station) measurements during the period of June 3${\sim}$June 10, 2004. Compared to BEIS2, BEIS3.12 yielded ${\sim}35%$ higher isoprene concentrations during daytime and presented better matches to the high peaks observed over the Seoul area. This study showed that the importance of vegetation data and emission factors to estimate biogenic emissions. Thus, it is expected to improve domestic vegetation categories and emission factors in order to better represent biogenic emissions over South Korea.