• Journal of the Korean Society of Industry Convergence
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• v.27 no.3
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• pp.501-508
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• 2024

Organizational citizenship behavior refers to the behavior of faithfully performing one's duties and being faithful to other roles. Firefighters' awareness of organizational citizenship behavior is closely related to national and individual safety and is very important. The smooth communication and cooperative attitude of fire department employees means organic unity at the disaster site. The purpose of this study was to analyze the awareness of organizational citizenship behavior among firefighters. As a result of analyzing the overall level of organizational citizenship behavior of firefighters, the average score was 3.83 points (out of 5). In particular, significant implications emerged regarding work-related appointment times and words and actions between co-workers. In the future, we hope that firefighting policy authorities will make a lot of efforts and academic research by subsequent generations will be conducted to make firefighting more trustworthy to the public.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.13 no.2
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• pp.710-717
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• 2012

A bioterrorism attack(BT) attack is the deliberate release of viruses, bacteria, fungi, and toxins used to cause illness or death in people, animal, and plants. Therefore, the healthcare workers are those who will take the main role in BT outbreak situations. The purpose of this study is to investigate current status of education for BT preparedness and response in health-related colleges. It is important to provide the BT preparedness and response to the health-allied students in case of unexpected BT outbreak. The questionnaires were collected from March 10 to June 10 in 2007 via mai l. Approximately 97.6% of the health-related professors answered that they had no experience of bioterrorism education. The contents of the bioterrorism curricula should contain the followings : definition and characteristics of the emergency and disaster, definition of bioterrorism, history of bioterrorism, general characteristics of bioterrorism, etiological agents of bioterrorism, bioterrorism response, systematic response, and medical response. Through these data, we will develop the disaster and bioterrorism preparedness curricula.

• Korea Journal of Hospital Management
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• v.7 no.3
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• pp.1-24
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• 2002

The purpose of this study was to find the factors affecting the bum out syndrome and its degree in terms of personal, organizational and clients characteristics, and then to find the ways to reduce or eliminate those factors. The 228 doctors and the nurses who worked at the emergency departments in 6 general hospitals with more than 700 beds in Seoul were surveyed from April 15, 2002 for 15 days. A structured self-recording questionnaire was used; the t-test and ANOVA was used to analyse the median difference between the occupation, and multiple regression was employed to find the factors affecting the bum-out syndrome. The summary of this research analysis is as follows : First, of several variables, the highest frequency of the burn-out was the emotional burn-out followed by lack in personal touch toward the patients, decrease in sense of personal achievement. These results indicate that the doctors and nurses in emergency departments experience higher degree of burn-out than the social workers and the nurses who work at other departments in heath care environment as other studies revealed. Second, the analysis of the total burn-out factors showed the lower self respect, younger age, heavier work load, higher dissatisfaction rate toward remuneration and not-so-smooth relationship with the patients and their relatives the higher burn out rate. These variables explained 54% of the total variables. Third, the nurses experienced more burn-out syndrome than the doctors. The degree of self-respect, work pattern, relationship with the clients, age and remuneration were the causes of the burn-out. The doctors recorded lack in personal touch toward the patients more, while the nurses more to emotional exhaustion. The limitations of this research are the subjective answers of the respondents to certain questions and differences in sample numbers of each hospital in which some reservation can be exercised in explaining statistical significance of the data, and generalizing the conclusion. Despite of its limitation, this research has its own merit as an unpreceded research in this field, and provision of the basic materials to prevent and find causes of the burn-out syndrome among the doctors and nurses in the emergency departments.

• Korean journal of applied entomology
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• v.22 no.2 s.55
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• pp.138-146
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• 1983

With the increase of pesticide consumption, not only pesticide handling population would grow greater but also the chances to be exposed to the pesticides would be also increased. Thus, safe use and handling of the pesticides are becoming more important and serious in these days. The pesticides are well known to most pepole, however there are very limited number of persons who have correct understanding of chamicals. Intoxication cases caused by pesticides have been reported very rarely through the mess media, even they were lack of scientific evidences. In this paper, problems related to pesticide manufacture, transportation, storage, sprays, and residues and their countermeasures were discussed in connection with public health and enviromental aspects. Acute intoxication cases by pesticide handling might be caused accidently either through manufacture, marketing, transportation, or spraying. Safety aspects of workers in manufacturing plants include not only exposure to toxic chemicals, but also posibilities of of explosion and brought about by pesticides and their diluents. The problems of water pollution by waste chemicals from the manufacturing factories were discussed. Packing and loading methods of pesticides for transportation are considered in safety scheme and discussions are given in association with traffic accidents. With regard to warehouse, the pesticide storage, location structure, keepers, and standing materials for emergency are concerned with safety aspects. Concerning the spraying of chemicals, there are some problems to be discussed about clothes, spray equipment, wind direction, spray period, and spray workers condition. After the spray, treatment of used containers, remainder of Pesticides, and spray tools are also discussed. For the dissolutions of problems on public health and environmental danger arising from pesticide residues, there are two legal sanctions; 'Pesticide Tolerances' and 'Pesticide Safe Use Standards'. These regulations are legally effective, however, some problems still remain in practices to implement the acts properly, because these provisions are followed by the far mers mostly. With these regards, most problems are concerned with various sectors and persons, affecting public health and environment from the producers to the end users and consumers. As a whole persons concerned with pesticides, every possible effort has to be assembled to protect hazards from the chemicals. For the foremost place, special training and education are required for managing groups; such as factory managers and agricultural extension workers who are responsible for training the factory workers and farmers. The education is the only way to solve the hazard problems caused by the pesticides.

• Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health
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• v.26 no.4 s.44
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• pp.587-598
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• 1993

Hydrofluoric acid is one of the strongest irritating, corrosive and poisonous inorganic chemicals. Hydrofluoric acid burns are occurring with ever-increasing frequency due to the wide use of this acid in industries. Hydrofluoric acid burns are characterized by severe progressive tissue destruction and excruciating pain due to the unique properties of the freely dissolvable fluoride ion. The authors reviewed medical records of 32 cases (36 spells) of hydrofluoric acid burns which occurred in a hydrofluoric acid manufacturing factory from Sep. 1, 1990 to June 30, 1993. The results are as follows; 1. Eleven measurements of air concentrations of hydrofluoric acid by detection tube method from 1990 to 1992 were all below TLV (Department of Labor, R.O. K). 2. There were 19 cases (22 spells) of hydrofluoric acid burns which occurred during the study period among regular employees. The overall incidence density of hydrofluoric acid was 17.8 cases (20.6 spells) per 100 person-year. Incidence density was 19.0 cases (22.0 spells) per 100 person-year among male workers and there were no female cases. Incidence density was 32.9 cases (38.3 spells) per 100 person-year among production workers and 1.9 cases (1.9 spells) per 100 person-years among management workers with the difference being statistically significant (P<0.01). 3. Of 32 cases (36 spells) of hydrofluoric acid burns among workers who were regularly employed or temporarily employed, 26 spells (81.2%) were between age 20 to 39. In 15 spells(41.7%) burns occurred between 12:00 and 17:59 with 16 spells(44.3%) having arrived at hospital within 2 hours after the accident. 4. Of 36 spells, the main cause of hydrofluoric acid burns were by splashes (8 spells, 22.2 %). The most frequent site of burns were fingers and pain was the most frequent symptom. Thirty spells (83.3%) of the hydrofluoric acid burns were treated with local injection of antidote (calcium gluconate). Complete recovery without scarring were observed in most of the cases (34 out of 36 cases, 94.4%). The study results suggest that to prevent hydrofluoric acid burns, environmental control and the wearing of hydrofluoric acid resistant protective clothes and gloves are important. It is also stressed that establishment of an emergency management and a transfer system for hydrofluoric acid burn victims is necessary.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Marine Environment & Safety
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• v.25 no.4
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• pp.433-440
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• 2019

Offshore working environments such as ships, offshore oil and gas plants, and offshore wind turbines are isolated and directly exposed to rough seas, which pose high risks of safety accidents. Therefore, all workers in offshore plants should be able to cope with emergency situations and must be qualified according to relevant laws and regulations such as the International Convention on Standards of Training, Certification and Watchkeeping for Seafarers (STCW Convention) and Offshore Petroleum Industry Training Organization (OPITO) standards. In particular, marine workers should be able to perform cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) in isolated locations or enclosed and confined spaces such as those in life-boats, life-rafts, rescue-boats, etc. Because the floor material is made of rubber, it may be difficult to perform chest compressions in life-rafts used to escape from emergency situations in ships or offshore plants. Chest compressions performed on life-rafts may reduce the accuracy of CPR and increase fatigue for those providing aid. To measure the accuracy and fatigue of those performing CPR in life-rafts, 15 experimenters with more than five years of experience as first aid instructors were exposed to different CPR environments in a marine safety training center equipped with an artificial wave generator. The results showed that the accuracy of CPR in the classroom was 99.6 %, but that in various life-raft environments was only 84 %. T-verification of the two sites confirmed the reduced accuracy of CPR performed on life-rafts. CPR on life-rafts should be performed in groups of two and with the use of automated chest compression devices.

• The Korean Journal of Emergency Medical Services
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• v.8 no.1
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• pp.87-104
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• 2004

This study selected the fifth and sixth graders of elementary school in Jeollanamdo who can express their opinions of safety consciousness and understand the items of questionnaire as the population. It selected 10 elementary schools under the supervision of Jeonnam Board of Education and sampled 700 students randomly from 2-3 classes in the 5th and the 6th grade. One preliminary survey was conducted to revise and complement the contents and forms of questionnaire with 70 students of a school from Apr. 1 to 6, 2004 and this study was conducted from Apr. 10 to 30, 2004. Data of this study were collected by explaining the purport of study to subjects after obtaining approval of principal and teacher of the school and distributing questionnaires. Total 700 questionnaires were distributed and 681 were collected (97%) and 602 were used for final analysis except 79 lacking responses. The results of this study are as follows. According to demographical characteristics of subjects, 'male' students were 302(50.%) and 'female' students were 300(49.8%) by sex and 'the 5th graders' were 285(47.3%) and 'the 6th graders' were 317(52.7%) in grade distribution. Residents at 'apartment house' were 406(67.4%) in residence type, 'going to school by foot' was 477 students(79.2%), 'high school graduates' were 297(49.3%) in fathers' education, 'high school graduates' were 366 (60.8%) in mothers' education, 'professional and office workers' were 231(38.4%) in fathers' job, 'full-time workers' were 283(47.0%) in mothers' job, and the number of siblings was one except myself in 343 students(57.0%). Respondents on the level of class showing 'good' were 340(56.5%) and those on the degree of adaptation to school life showing 'active' were 349(58.0%). On the characteristics related to safety education, 360(59.8%) responded it was 'very necessary', on the frequency of safety education at school for last one year, 339(56.3%) responded they had 'once or twice', on the frequency of safety education by parents, 279(46.3%) responded they 'often' had it, on the level of safety practice by parents, 347(57.6%) responded they practiced it 'frequently', on the source of knowledge of safety, 223(37.0%) responded they got it from 'parents, siblings and relatives', on the degree of recognizing the need of safety education textbooks, 295(38.5%) responded 'it was needed', on the recognition of necessity of teacher for safety education, 271(45.0%) answered it was very necessary', and on the recognition of qualification of teacher for safety education, 370(61.5%) answered it was 'paramedic'. The mean score of safety consciousness of subjects was 2.72 (SD. 21) of full score 3, having high score over mean score. According to each area, the area showing the highest safety consciousness was safety of fire(2.83), followed by home safety(2.76) and first-aid treatment(2.76), traffic safety(2.71), play and leisure safety(2.66) and school safety(2.56). Items showing statistical differences in the degree of safety consciousness according to demographical characteristics were sex(t=-3.11, p=.002), education(t=2.33, p=.021) and number of siblings(F=3.729, p=.011). In the difference of safety consciousness between both sexes, 'female' students(2.75) showed higher safety consciousness than 'male' students (2.69), and the former also showed higher safety consciousness than the latter in all six areas of school safety, play and leisure safety, traffic safety, fire safety, home safety and first-aid treatment, and there were statistical differences in the areas of play and leisure safety, traffic safety, fire safety and first-aid treatment. According to the differences of safety consciousness by grade, 'the fifth graders'(2.74) showed higher safety consciousness than 'the sixth graders'(2.70) and the former also showed higher safety consciousness than the latter in all six areas of school safety, play and leisure safety, traffic safety, fire safety, home safety and first-aid treatment, and there were statistical differences in the areas of fire safety and home safety. In the safety consciousness by the number of siblings, 'single son or daughter' (2.78) was highest and their safety consciousness was also highest in all six areas of school safety, play and leisure safety, traffic safety, fire safety, home safety and first-aid treatment, and there were statistical differences in the areas of school safety, fire safety and home safety, There were statistically remarkable differences in degree of adaptation to school life (F=15.349, p=.000) and perceived schooling level(F=9.552, p=.000). According to the degree of safety consciousness related to characteristics of safety education, there were statistical differences at the degree of recognizing the need of safety education(F=9.797, p=.000), degree of safety education at school(F=2.595, p=.006), degree of safety education by parents(F=12.709, p=.000), degree of practicing safety by parents(F=17.579, p=.000), source of knowledge of safety education (F=2,715, p=.044), necessity of safety education textbooks(F=3.972, p=.008), need of safety teacher(F=4.137, p=.006) and qualification standard of safety teacher(F=3.016, p=.029).

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.13 no.10
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• pp.4703-4710
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• 2012

The purpose of this study was to examine the impact of the social maturity of sustained sport-for-all participants on their physical and mental health. The subjects in this study were 190 company employees who were selected by convenience sampling from among the residents in Gangwon Province. The selected office workers continued to participate in sport-for-all programs. After a survey was conduced from November 7 to 25, 2011, the statistical package SPSS WIN 18.0 was employed to analyze the collected data. To find out the general characteristics of the subjects, frequency analysis was made, and the reliability test of the instrument and factor analysis were carried out. Descriptive statistics analysis was made by factor, and multiple regression analysis was utilized to look for connections among their variables. As a result, it's found that the social maturity of the sustained sport-for-all participants made a significant difference to their physical health, and that their social maturity made a significant difference to mental health as well. As sustained sport-for-all participation was found to be correlated to their physical and mental health, office workers should be given a chance to participate in sport-for-all on a long-term basis.

• Journal of Digital Convergence
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• v.10 no.10
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• pp.415-421
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• 2012

The purposes of this thesis are to grasp the aspect of injuries by violence which is the recent social issue, analyze the relationship with socioeconomic factors and provide it as the basic material of policy development and prevention. With the specimen in-depth investigation materials of injured patients of emergency room which is injuries examination system based on medical institution, this thesis compared injuries by violence with aspect of other injuries and conducted logistic regression analysis after controlling gender, age, educational level and occupation mutually. Women showed more danger to be exposed to injuries by violence than men. The less the age was, the more danger by violence was. The more academic background was, the less rate to be exposed to violence was. For occupations, there were dangerous in order of service workers, shop and market sales workers, unemployed, elementary occupations. In conclusion, Some differences of socioeconomic factors made an effect on the danger of injuries by violence victim.

• The Journal of the Institute of Internet, Broadcasting and Communication
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• v.8 no.6
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• pp.55-61
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• 2008

In this paper, we proposed a multi-agent based healthcare system (MAHS) which is the combination of medical sensor module and wireless communication technology. This MAHS provides wide services to mobile telemedicine, patient monitoring, emergency management, doctor's diagnosis and prescription, patients and doctors, information exchange between hospital workers in a long distance. Also, MAHS is connected to Body Area Network (BAN) and a doctor and hospital workers. In addition, we designed and implemented extended JADE based MAHS that reduces hospital server's burden. Agents gather, integrate, and deliver the collected patient's information from sensor, and provide presentation in healthcare environment. Proposed MAHS has advantage that can handle urgent situation in the far away area from hospital like Islands through PDA and mobile device. In addition, by monitoring condition of patient (old man) in a real time base, it shortens time and expense and supports medical service efficiently.