• Journal of Radiation Protection and Research
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• 제21권3호
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• pp.201-215
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• 1996

Radiation and radioactive materials serve man in many beneficial ways. Diagnostic X-ray, radiation therapy, and other nuclear medicine uses of radioactivity save thousands of lives each year. Industrial application of radiation, such as radiography, make many manufactured products more reliable and less expensive. Nuclear power plants are producing more electrical power each year and reducing our dependence on imported oil. However, radiation can and dose produce harmful effects particularly as the reault of a radiation accident in which a victim receives as the result of a radiation accident in which a victim receives a large dose. Fortunately such accidents are very rare and recently we need more electric power produced by nuclear power plants. Considering increase of use of radiation or radioactive materials, we have to establish the radiological emergency response system prepared for radiation accidents.

• 한국화재소방학회논문지
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• 제24권1호
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• pp.72-80
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• 2010

본 연구에서는 모든 발생 가능한 철도 사고시나리오를 기반으로 비상대응절차를 정의하여 철도사고 별 비상대응 절차를 구축하였으며 이를 유비쿼터스 센서 네트워크 시스템과 연동하여 u-철도 방재시스템을 제안하였다. u-철도 방재 시스템은 u-예방 시스템, u-대비시스템, u-대응 시스템, u-복구 시스템 4개의 단위 시스템들로 구성되어 있으며 각각의 데이터베이스별로 분리되어 있다. 수집된 정보는 각 시스템별로 분석되고 각종 매체를 통해 정보를 제공하며, 연계된 타 시스템과 유기적으로 정보를 교환하는 구조로 설계되었다. 특히 u-철도 방재 시스템은 오감인지기능을 바탕으로 한 센서 네트워크와 모니터링 시스템을 통하여 비상사고 발생 시 적절한 초기 대응이 가능하도록 설계되었다. 또한 2차원, 3차원 공간 정보 인터페이스에 유비쿼너스 센서 네트워크와 예상 시나리오를 함께 연동시키므로 서 종합적 의사 결정이 가능하도록 구축하였다.

• 한국방사성폐기물학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국방사성폐기물학회 2005년도 춘계 학술대회
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• pp.496-512
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• 2005

원자력 비상시 주민 보호조치에 대한 결정기준은 국제적으로 비용-이득 분석에 의해 산정된 일반개입준위와 일반조치준위를 사용토록 제안되어 있다. 운영개입준위는 이러한 일반준위를 직접 또는 쉽게 측정할 수 있는 물리량으로 나타낸 것이다. 비상시 보호조치의 필요성을 판단하기 위해서는 운영개입준위를 적용하고 수정하는 데 요구되는 환경감시 자료를 신속히 생산하는 것이 중요하다. 비상대응의 일환으로서 이를 위해 무슨 일들이 어떻게 수행되어야 하는지 고찰하였다.

• 한국화재소방학회논문지
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• 제15권2호
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• pp.20-30
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• 2001

The science and technology of seismic hazard mitigation are increasingly being shared among scientists and policy makers around the world. Administrative expertise is also being shared. While there is still tremendous unevenness in technical and administrative capacities and resources, a global community of emergency managers is developing and there is a globalization of expertise. Hazards are better understood, tools for risk assessment are improving, techniques for hazard mitigation are being perfected, and communities and states are implementing more comprehensive disaster preparedness, response, and recovery programs. Priorities are also emerging and hazard mitigation has emerged as the priority of choice in North America and Europe. An increasingly important component of hazard mitigation is resilience, in terms of increased capacities for disaster mitigation and recovery at the community and even individual levels. Each year, more is known about the locations and natures of seismic hazards, although there are still unknown and poorly understood fault lines and limited understanding of related disasters such as tsunamis and landslides. More is known about the impact of earthquakes on the built environment, although nature still provides surprises to confound man's best extorts to reduce risk. More is known about human nature and how people respond to uncertain risk and when confronted by certain catastrophe. However, despite the increased understanding of seismic phenomena and how to protect people and property, there is much that needs to be done to reduce the risk, particularly in major metropolitan areas.

• Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health
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• 제48권6호
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• pp.265-270
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• 2015

The recent Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus (MERS-CoV) outbreak has originated from a failure in the national quarantine system in the Republic of Korea as most basic role of protecting the safety and lives of its citizens. Furthermore, a number of the Korean healthcare system's weaknesses seem to have been completely exposed. The MERS-CoV outbreak can be considered a typical public health crisis in that the public was not only greatly terrorized by the actual fear of the disease, but also experienced a great impact to their daily lives, all in a short period of time. Preparedness for and an appropriate response to a public health crisis require comprehensive systematic public healthcare measures to address risks comprehensively with an all-hazards approach. Consequently, discussion regarding establishment of post-MERS-CoV improvement measures must focus on the total reform of the national quarantine system and strengthening of the public health infrastructure. In addition, the Korea Centers for Disease Control and Prevention must implement specific strategies of action including taking on the role of "control tower" in a public health emergency, training of Field Epidemic Intelligence Service officers, establishment of collaborative governance between central and local governments for infection prevention and control, strengthening the roles and capabilities of community-based public hospitals, and development of nationwide crisis communication methods.

• 한국환경보건학회지
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• 제49권4호
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• pp.179-182
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• 2023

The Chemical Substances Control Act has been legislated to counter the risks posed by chemical substances to public health and the environment, but a number of small- and large-scaled incidents related to hazardous chemicals continue to occur every year. The Korean Ministry of Environment takes legal responsibility for prevention, preparedness, and response to nationwide chemical accidents under the Chemical Substances Control Act. The determination of chemical accidents that occur during hazardous chemical handling processes is based on the Article 2 (Definitions) of the law and the administrative criteria for judgement of chemical accidents. However, there are certain ambiguities in the scientific basis for determining chemical accidents under the current regulations. Whether or not a chemical accident has a direct influence on penalties and administrative measures for a workplace where an accident occurred, it is necessary to find reasonable criteria for determining chemical accident based on legal and scientific evidence.

• 한국산학기술학회논문지
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• 제20권4호
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• pp.571-579
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• 2019

화학사고 피해를 최소화하기 위해 2015년부터 위해관리계획서가 시행되고 있으며, 이 제도에 따라 사고대비물질을 일정 수량 이상 취급하는 사업장은 사고의 피해 영향범위에 있는 주민에게 각 물질에 대한 응급정보를 매년 제공해야 한다. 취급물질, 영향범위, 대피요령 등을 담은 응급정보는 화학사고 발생 시 즉시 작동될 수 있도록 사전에 미리 주민에게 제공되어야 효과가 있다. 현재 주민고지의 방법은 주민고지 시스템 사이트에 등록하거나, 우편으로 고지서를 발송, 주민 공청회에서 설명, 직접 정보를 전달하는 등 여러 가지 방법으로 해도 인정된다. 현재 운영방식의 현황을 살펴보기 위해 국외 유사 사례를 비교 분석하였고, 연간 주민고시 시스템 이용자 수, 일부 주민의 설문조사를 통해 정보 제공의 체감도를 조사하였다. 이를 통해 현 방식은 정보 공급자 위주의 편의적 운영으로 화학물질에 대한 정보가 부족한 주민이 응급정보를 잘 이해하지 못하는 문제가 있거나, 주민이 정보를 어디에서 찾아야 하는지 확인하기 어려워 실제 사고 현장에서 활용성이 떨어지는 한계가 있는 것으로 나타났다. 본 연구에서는 정보 제공 방법과 사후관리 측면으로 구분하여 주민의 입장에서 화학사고 응급정보를 쉽게 이해하고, 사전에 정보가 원활하게 전달되어 사고 발생 시 응급정보가 효과적으로 활용됨으로서 화학사고로 인한 주민의 피해를 최소화될 수 있는 방안을 제시하였다.

• 국제학술발표논문집
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• The 9th International Conference on Construction Engineering and Project Management
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• pp.923-928
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• 2022

Wildfire disasters in the United States impact lives and livelihoods by destroying private homes, businesses, community facilities, and infrastructure. Disaster victims suffer from damaged houses, inadequate shelters, inoperable civil infrastructure, and homelessness coupled with long-term recovery and reconstruction processes. Cities and their neighboring communities require an enormous commitment for a full recovery for as long as disaster recovery processes last. State, county, and municipal governments inherently have the responsibility to establish and provide governance and public services for the benefit and well being of community members. Municipal governments' comprehensive and emergency response plans are the artifacts of planning efforts that guide accomplishing those duties. Typically these plans include preparation and response to natural disasters, including wildfires. The standard wildfire planning includes and outlines (1) a wildfire hazard assessment, (2) response approaches to prevent human injury and minimize damage to physical property, and (3) near- and long-term recovery and reconstruction efforts. There is often a high level of detail in the assessment section, but the level of detail and specificity significantly lessons to general approaches in the long-term recovery subsection. This paper aims to document the extent of wildfire preparedness at the county level in general, focusing on the long-term recovery subsections of municipal plans. Based on the identified challenges, the researchers provide recommendations for better longer-term recovery and reconstruction opportunities: 1) building permit requirements, 2) exploration of the use of modular construction, 3) address through relief from legislative requirements, and 4) early, simple, funding, and the aid application process.

• Journal of Radiation Protection and Research
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• 제39권2호
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• pp.109-117
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• 2014

방사선비상계획은 원자력시설에 대한 사고해석을 통해 산출한 방사선원항과 기상자료에 근거한 선량평가 결과를 기초로 비상계획이 필요한 거리를 산출하고, 비상계획이 필요한 거리 내에 거주하고 있는 거주민에 대한 옥내대피, 소개, 갑상선방호 등의 보호조치 계획을 수립하는 방식으로 이루어진다. 본 연구에서는 연구용원자로 '하나로'에서 가상할 수 있는 최대사고 조건 하에서 부지내외 거주자에 대한 보호조치 전 후의 선량변화를 1년간 기상자료에 기초하여 확률론적으로 평가하고, 국제방사선방호위원회의 2007년 권고에서 제시한, 비상피폭상황에서 보호조치 이후 잔여선량으로 정의된 참조준위 개념을 사용하여, 최적의 보호조치 유형을 도출하였다. 하나로의 경우 최대 가상사고시 최적의 보호조치 유형은 반경 300 m 이내 거주자 소개, 반경 800 m 이내 거주자 옥내대피로 평가되었으며, 갑상선방호는 반경 600 m 이내 거주자에 국한하여 해당되는데 이 지역 거주자가 소개 또는 옥내대피시는 방사능방재요원 외에 필요가 없는 것으로 평가되었다.

• Safety and Health at Work
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• 제13권4호
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• pp.507-511
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• 2022

Law enforcement officers (LEOs) often encounter rapidly changing and uncontrolled situations that expose them to various hazards. A law enforcement agency requested an evaluation by the National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH) when multiple LEOs reported illness after executing a search warrant and taking a suspect into custody. NIOSH investigators interviewed LEOs and reviewed medical records, forensic laboratory results for collected evidence, and environmental testing results of samples taken after the operation. Two-thirds (25 of 38) of LEOs who participated in the operation reported ≥1 symptom. Eleven LEOs met a case definition for influenza-like illness (ILI). Members of one unit were more likely to have ILI than non-members (prevalence ratio (PR), 4.1; 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.3-13.0; p = 0.01). Influenza vaccination was associated with a lower prevalence of ILI (PR, 0.2; 95% CI, 0.1-0.9; p = 0.02). Preventing employees from working while ill and annual influenza vaccination might prevent similar occurrences.