• Journal of The Korean Society of Integrative Medicine
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• v.8 no.4
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• pp.307-321
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• 2020

Purpose : A person infected by SARS-CoV2 may present various symptoms such as fever, pain in lower respiratory tract, and pneumonia. Measuring body temperature is a simple method to screen patients. However, changes in the surrounding environment may cause errors in infrared measurement. Hence, a non-contact thermometer controls this error by setting a correction value, but it is difficult to correct it for all environments. Therefore, we investigate device error values according to changes in the surrounding environment (temperature and humidity) and propose guidelines for reliable patient detection. Methods : For this study, the temperature was measured using three types of non-contact thermometers. For accurate temperature measurement, we used a water bath kept at a constant temperature. During temperature measurement, we ensured that the temperature and humidity were maintained using a thermo-hygrometer. The conditions of the surrounding environment were changed by an air conditioner, humidifier, warmer, and dehumidifier. Results : The temperature of the water bath was measured using a non-contact thermometer kept at various distances ranging from 3~10 cm. The value measured by the non-contact thermometer was then verified using a mercury thermometer, and the difference between the measured temperatures was compared. It was observed that at normal surrounding temperature (24 ℃), there was no difference between the values when the non-contact thermometer was kept at 3 cm. However, as the distance of the non-contact thermometer was increased from the water bath, the recorded temperature was significantly different compared with that of mercury thermometer. Moreover, temperature measurements were conducted at different surrounding temperatures and the results obtained significantly varied from when the thermometer was kept at 3 cm. Additionally, it was observed that the effect on temperature decreases with an increase in humidity Conclusion : In conclusion, non-contact thermometers are lower in lower temperature and dry weather in winter.

• Journal of the korean academy of Pediatric Dentistry
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• v.47 no.3
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• pp.303-311
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• 2020

The aim of this study was to assess the awareness of caregivers, emergency medical technicians, and emergency medical doctors by investigating the storage media for avulsed teeth at the trauma site. This study was performed by reviewing medical records of 183 patients with the age under 17 years old, who visited Ajou University Hospital for dental trauma. Based on their medical records, storage media for avulsed permanent teeth were investigated by classifying them as dry, milk, saline, saliva and tap water. The storage media chosen by caregivers at the trauma site were classified as cases by parents and school nurse teachers. Storage media chosen by emergency medical technicians and emergency medical doctors were also investigated using the same classification criteria. The results show that both parents and school nurse teachers used milk the most as a storage medium for avulsed teeth. Dry storage was the second most chosen medium by parents, and saline by nurse teacher. As a storage media emergency medical technicians used saline the most, while emergency medical doctors used only saline when they failed to replant avulsed teeth. There is a need to improve the knowledge of caregivers, emergency medical technicians, and emergency medical doctors regarding the storage media for avulsed teeth.

• Proceedings of the KIEE Conference
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• 2006.07b
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• pp.671-672
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• 2006

Recently the development of small hydropower generation with using water pipes is revitalized by the water works facilities. However, when the tubine generator is in case of emergency stop by the internal and external accidents, it causes water hammer in water pipes and suspension of water supply. To prevent these problems of small hydropower generator, we has analyzed water supply patterns, installation position and water pipe systems.

• 유체기계공업학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2006.08a
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• pp.61-64
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• 2006

Recently the development of small hydropower generation with using water pipes is revitalized by the water works facilities. However, when the tubine generator is in case of emergency stop by the internal and external accidents, it causes water hammer in water pipes and suspension of water supply. To prevent these problems of small hydropower generator, we has analyzed water supply patterns, installation position and water pipe systems.

• Nuclear Engineering and Technology
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• v.44 no.7
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• pp.727-734
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• 2012

A new advanced safety feature of DVI+ (Direct Vessel Injection Plus) for the APR+ (Advanced Power Reactor Plus), to mitigate the ECC (Emergency Core Cooling) bypass fraction and to prevent switching an ECC outlet to a break flow inlet during a DVI line break, is presented for an advanced DVI system. In the current DVI system, the ECC water injected into the downcomer is easily shifted to the broken cold leg by a high steam cross flow which comes from the intact cold legs during the late reflood phase of a LBLOCA (Large Break Loss Of Coolant Accident)For the new DVI+ system, an ECBD (Emergency Core Barrel Duct) is installed on the outside of a core barrel cylinder. The ECBD has a gap (From the core barrel wall to the ECBD inner wall to the radial direction) of 3/25~7/25 of the downcomer annulus gap. The DVI nozzle and the ECBD are only connected by the ECC water jet, which is called a hydrodynamic water bridge, during the ECC injection period. Otherwise these two components are disconnected from each other without any pipes inside the downcomer. The ECBD is an ECC downward isolation flow sub-channel which protects the ECC water from the high speed steam crossflow in the downcomer annulus during a LOCA event. The injected ECC water flows downward into the lower downcomer through the ECBD without a strong entrainment to a steam cross flow. The outer downcomer annulus of the ECBD is the major steam flow zone coming from the intact cold leg during a LBLOCA. During a DVI line break, the separated DVI nozzle and ECBD have the effect of preventing the level of the cooling water from being lowered in the downcomer due to an inlet-outlet reverse phenomenon at the lowest position of the outlet of the ECBD.

• Proceedings of the Korean Geotechical Society Conference
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• 2009.03a
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• pp.930-939
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• 2009

Most of steep slope failures occurring in Korea have appeared during the localized heavy rain period, whereas the evaluation model of a disaster vulnerability analysis that has been proposed to date, has been prepared in consideration only of external factors comprising geographical features. This study calculated a wetness index and a contributory area which delivers moisture to the upper slant surface during the rainfall period, and also conducted a disaster vulnerability analysis in consideration of the convergence of surface water as well as the water system created during the occurrence of rainfall by including a curvature that shows a close relevance with the shape of the minute water system that is created temporarily during the occurrence of rainfall and with the convergence and divergence of surface water. When compared with a steep slope failure occurring within a selected model district in order to verify the prepared disaster analysis, a landslide occurring in the model district had emerged in a region in which the disaster vulnerability analysis was high and the density of the minor water system was also high. If these research results are extended nationwide, it is the most effective to use a disaster vulnerability analysis and the density of the minute water system; and it is supposed to be the simplest and the most effective method for preparing a disaster analysis of mountainous land shape such as the model district.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Marine Environment & Safety
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• v.22 no.5
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• pp.417-422
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• 2016

Aids to Navigation (AtoN) are marine traffic facilities to improve the safety and efficiency of shipping. "New Dangers" should be appropriately marked using lateral, cardinal or isolated danger marks or by using an Emergency Wreck Marking Buoy. However, Emergency Wreck Marking Buoys are difficult to implement in terms of speed and accuracy of installation. In the case of sinking accidents, it is often difficult to immediately install an Emergency Wreck Marking Buoy because of weather conditions, the marine environment or accident positioning. This study concerns Auto-Releasing Emergency Wreck Marking Buoys, which should be installed in all vessel for safe marine navigation and efficient maritime transport with reference to the Maritime Buoyage System (MBS). Auto-Releasing Emergency Wreck Marking Buoys include an auto-release unit, auto reel chain and auto lighting lantern. These buoys can be automatically released from the deck of a vessel and will float in the water for quick installation at the scene of an accident, even in the case of sinking accidents. Auto-Releasing New Mark Buoys are expected to reduce to installation process, prevent secondary accidents by the risk of navigation and be search and rescue rapidly.

• The KSFM Journal of Fluid Machinery
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• v.8 no.5 s.32
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• pp.22-28
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• 2005

As the water supply facilities are recently getting larger, the domestic waterworks become multi-regional water supply system. Large water supply facilities generally consist of the intake pumping station, water treatment plant and water supply/distribution facilities. Although the pumping stations and the pipeline systems are used to pump up water, it often happens pipeline damage and flooding accident by the water hammer. In this paper, the intake pumping station is guaranteed by both the computer simulation and the field test analysis. This study is contributed to the safe operation program for the pumping station in which results of the adjustment on the safety plan of the pumping station, the air valve and the valve closing time.

• 유체기계공업학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2004.12a
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• pp.199-207
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• 2004

Water supply facilities are recently getting larger according as domestic waterworks become multi regional water supply system. Large water supply facilities generally consist of the intake pumping station, water treatment station and water supply & distribution facilities. Although pumping stations and pipeline systems are used to pump up water, it often happens pipeline damage and flooding accident by the water hammer. As a result of this study, a pumping station is guaranteed by the computer simulation and field test analysis. Therefore these are contributed safety operation in pumping station through adjustment of the pumping station safety plan, air valve and valve closing time.

• Journal of Korea Water Resources Association
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• v.49 no.7
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• pp.579-588
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• 2016

Changes in precipitation due to climate change is made to induce the local and intensive rainfall, it is increasing damage caused by inland inundation. Therefore, it requires a technique for predicting damage caused by flooding. In this study, in order to determine whether this flood inundated by any route when the levee was destroyed, Which can simulate the path of the flood inundation model was developed for the SIMOD (Simplified Inundation MODel). Multi Direction Method (MDM) for differential distributing the adjacent cells by using the slope and Flat-Water Assumption (FWA)-If more than one level higher in the cell adjacent to the cell level is the lowest altitude that increases the water level is equal to the adjacent cells- were applied For the evaluation of the model by setting the flooding scenarios were estimated hourly range from the target area. SIMOD model can significantly reduce simulation time because they use a simple input data of topography (DEM) and inflow flood. Since it is possible to predict results within minutes, if you can only identify inflow flood through the runoff model or levee collapse model. Therefore, it could be used to establish an evacuation plan due to flooding, such as EAP (Emergency Action Plan).