• 한국동물번식학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국동물번식학회 2009년도 춘계학술대회
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• pp.6-7
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• 2009

• 한국수정란이식학회지
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• 제5권2호
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• pp.11-22
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• 1990

Remarkable progress has recently been made in embryo transfer technology, resulting in the birth of IVF and nuclear transfer offsprings in swine. However, further progress of the technology to (I) make a safe, effective and economic estrual-cycle synchronization compound, (2) regulate each step of sperm capacitation (3) induce monospermic fertilization, (4) in vitro grow and mature oocytes, (5) fertilize the oocytes efficently, (6) culture the oocytes to the blastocyst stage in defined media, (7) produce multiply copies of embryos with superior genetic merit, (8) preselect the sex of these superior offsprings, and (9) preserve embryos by freezing and storage in liquid nitrogen is required before this promising technology is applied routinely to swine for practical use.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제12권6호
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• pp.966-975
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• 1999

Technologies on preimplantation porcine embryos have been developed quickly and significantly. Successful development of systems for culture of porcine zygotes to the blastocyst stage has made it possible to utilize follicular oocytes for in vitro production of embryos and thus stimulated research on various embryo technologies. Recent technological development of embryo cryopreservation, separation of X- and Y-bearing spermatozoa and non-surgical embryo transfer has also made it easy to utilize in vivo- and in vitro-produced embryos for artificial manipulation to produce clones and transgenic pigs. Further progress in overcoming various problems associated with each embryo technology will result in acceptable efficiency to utilize porcine embryos with a high or increased quality. Combining these technologies will accelerate further expansion of the swine industry not only for meat production but also for the production of therapeutic recombinant proteins and xonografts.

• Clinical and Experimental Reproductive Medicine
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• 제49권4호
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• pp.225-238
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• 2022

The ultimate goal of human assisted reproductive technology is to achieve a healthy pregnancy and birth, ideally from the selection and transfer of a single competent embryo. Recently, techniques for efficiently evaluating the state and quality of preimplantation embryos using time-lapse imaging systems have been applied. Artificial intelligence programs based on deep learning technology and big data analysis of time-lapse monitoring system during in vitro culture of preimplantation embryos have also been rapidly developed. In addition, several molecular markers of the secretome have been successfully analyzed in spent embryo culture media, which could easily be obtained during in vitro embryo culture. It is also possible to analyze small amounts of cell-free nucleic acids, mitochondrial nucleic acids, miRNA, and long non-coding RNA derived from embryos using real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR) or digital PCR, as well as next-generation sequencing. Various efforts are being made to use non-invasive evaluation of embryo quality (NiEEQ) to select the embryo with the best developmental competence. However, each NiEEQ method has some limitations that should be evaluated case by case. Therefore, an integrated analysis strategy fusing several NiEEQ methods should be urgently developed and confirmed by proper clinical trials.

• 한국수정란이식학회지
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• 제2권1호
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• pp.1-8
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• 1987

• 한국수정란이식학회지
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• 제32권4호
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• pp.319-324
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• 2017

This study is to compare the effect of estrus synchronization and embryo transfer between Korean and Mongolian cattle. Embryos were collected from 9 donors housed in Asan city in South Chungcheong Province, South Korea. Embryos were collected 9 donors from Khushaat sum, Selenge province and Bayanchandmani sum, Tov province in Mongolia. Follicle Stimulating Hormone (FSH), Controlled Internal Drug Release (CIDR) and Prostaglandin (PG) were used for superovulation. Subsequently, Artificial Insemination (AI) was done for donor cow and embryo was collected after 7 and 8 days. Collected embryos were compared between Mongolian and Korean cattle. Finally, good quality and fresh embryos were transferred to 50 and 22 recipients of cows in Korea and Mongolia respectively. The findings show that Korean native cattle each donor cow produced on an average 16.9 embryos and, 10.9 embryos were found transferable. But in case of Mongolia the average production of embryos per donor cow was 8.6 embryos and, 6.2 embryos were found transferable. Embryo collection after 7 and 8 days was not difference in embryo production in Korea. But, in Mongolia embryo production after 8 days was found more efficient than the 7 days. Korean native recipient's cows (74.6%) and Mongolian recipient's cows (71.0%) respectively were found transferable ovarian stage. The result suggested that efficiency of embryo production from the superovulation method treated of Korean cow were higher than the Mongolian cow. The pregnancy rate of Korea native cattle was 72%, which was about 10% higher than that of Mongolia cattle.

• 원예과학기술지
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• 제33권3호
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• pp.331-339
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• 2015

This research was performed to determine the temperature requirements for embryo growth and radicle emergence of Hepatica asiatica Nakai, a perennial herb native to Korea. Seed viability, embryo growth, and radicle emergence were monitored in seeds exposed to various temperatures (10, 15, $20^{\circ}C$ and $30{\rightarrow}15^{\circ}C$). Laboratory experiments at various temperatures revealed that (1) embryo elongation occurred effectively between 10 and $15^{\circ}C$; (2) radicle emergence occurred only at $15^{\circ}C$; (3) a warm stratification (2-8 weeks at $30^{\circ}C$) was not required for embryo elongation and radicle emergence, and led to inhibition of radicle emergence; (4) application of gibberellic acid ($GA_3$) promoted embryo growth, but not radicle emergence. These results suggested that H. asiatica seeds have two separate mechanisms to overcome dormancy, either by $GA_3$ (morphological dormancy) or temperature (physiological dormancy), and warm stratification is not involved in breaking radicle dormancy. These findings indicate that H. asiatica seeds have morphophysiological dormancy.

• 한국수정란이식학회지
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• 제28권3호
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• pp.163-168
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• 2013

Embryo transfer (ET) technology is of high importance in modern cattle breeding programs. ET is one step in the process of removing one or more embryos from the reproductive tract of an outstanding donor female and transferring them to one or more recipient females. Embryos also can be produced in the laboratory via techniques such as in vitro fertilization (IVF). But the actual transfer of an embryo is only one step in a series of processes that may include some or all of the following: superovulation and insemination of donors, collection of embryos, isolation, evaluation and short-term storage of embryos, micromanipulation and genetic testing of embryos, freezing of embryos and embryo transfer. Cryopreservation and direct transfer of frozen-thawed embryos is common-place with pregnancy rates near that of fresh embryos. Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) technology is currently being used for sexing embryos, and this technology will be used for "embryo diagnostics" and "embryo genomics" in the future. Although, many limitations and problems remain to overcome, these and other new technologies promise to change livestock breeding drastically in the next decade.

• Journal of Applied Biological Chemistry
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• 제49권3호
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• pp.95-100
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• 2006

Brown rice with a giant embryo (GE) was observed on the quality parameters of the enlargement of embryo, nutritional components, and physical properties, in comparison to normal embryo brown rice (NE). Also, the effects of germination on the quality parameters were examined. GE embryo was approximately 2.68 times larger than of NE rice. Total free sugars were significantly higher in GE rice (71.96 vs. 41.17 mg/100 g), and germinated rice increased in fructose, but decreased in sucrose and maltose. No significant difference in mineral contents was found in GE and NE rice and their germinated rice, whereas a significant increment was observed on reducing sugars and gamma-amino butyric acid (GABA) contents in GE rice. The lower water absorption index (WAI) of GE rice resulted in relatively lower pasting viscosity, whereas the increased WSI in germinated rice might be attributable to the significant increment of soluble components in GE rice.

• 한국동물생명공학회지
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• 제37권2호
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• pp.80-86
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• 2022

The ability to determine the sex of bovine embryos before the transfer is advantageous in livestock management, especially in dairy production, where female calves are preferred in milk industry. The milk production of female and male cattle benefits both the dairy and beef industries. Pre-implantation sexing of embryos also helps with embryo transfer success. There are two approaches for sexing bovine embryos in farm animals: invasive and non-invasive. A non-invasive method of embryo sexing retains the embryo's autonomy and, as a result, is less likely to impair the embryo's ability to move and implant successfully. There are lists of non-invasive embryo sexing such as; Detection of H-Y antigens, X-linked enzymes, and sexing based on embryo cleavage and development. Since it protects the embryo's autonomy, the non-invasive procedure is considered to be the safest. Invasive methods affect an embryo's integrity and are likely to damage the embryo's chances of successful transformation. There are different types of invasive methods such as polymerase chain reaction, detection of male chromatin Y chromosome-specific DNA probes, Loop-mediated isothermal amplification (LAMP), cytological karyotyping, and immunofluorescence (FISH). The PCR approach is highly sensitive, precise, and effective as compared to invasive methods of farm animal embryonic sexing. Invasive procedures, such as cytological karyotyping, have high accuracy but are impractical in the field due to embryonic effectiveness concerns. This technology can be applicable especially in the dairy and beef industry by producing female and male animals respectively. Enhancing selection accuracy and decreasing the multiple ovulation embryo transfer costs.