• Journal of the Korean Society of Safety
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• v.20 no.4 s.72
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• pp.106-113
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• 2005

The housing is a human's basic space and the comfort and the safety are the most basic conditions. According to the flow of age for Well-Being since the 21th, the suppliers and the users of apartment are making best effort now for the embossment of green environmental quality of apartment, and outstretch their hands for marketing strategic purposes in a side of indoor and outdoor environment with distinctive elements. But these supply and use are on progress competitively with the simple distinction, it is thought that indoor and outdoor environment are must be promoted according to the survey of residents' consciousness. So this study aims to provide basic materials with residents for the promotion of comfortable dwelling environment by solving the basic safety problem and also aims to survey and analyze the residents' safety consciousness in object of physical and non-physical environmental quality of indoor and outdoor of apartment by analyzing indoor air quality pollution, the feeling of being victimize caused by air pollution and safety consciousness according to physical environment elements.

• Journal of Korean Society of Steel Construction
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• v.14 no.6
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• pp.765-772
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• 2002

Many researchers have studied several vibration control devices such as TMD, TLD, and VED to reduce the acceleration level for tall buildings. Advantages of TLD (tuned liquid damper) include easy installation, low cost, and less maintenance. However, the dynamic characteristics of TLD must be verified by experiment and analysis due to the difficulties in evaluating the characteristics of water sloshing. In this study, free vibration and dynamic excitation experiments of structure with TLD were conducted to verify vibration control force of the proposed TLD for high-rise building. The parameters were mass ratio of water to structure, number of damping nets, and aspect ratio. From the test results, the responses of structure with water tank were observed to be smaller than those of structure alone. Furthermore, better damping effect could be achieved with larger mass ratio, more damping nets, and larger aspect ratio. However, in the case of water tank with no damping net, little damping effect was obtained.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Electrical and Electronic Material Engineers Conference
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• 2002.07a
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• pp.232-235
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• 2002

An 150 kV gas cluster ion accelerator was fabricated and assessed. The change of surface morphology and surface roughness were examined by an atom force microscope (AFM) after irradiation of $CO_2$ gas clusters on Si (100) surfaces at the acceleration voltages of 50 kV. The density of hillocks induced by cluster ion impact was gradually increased with the dosage up to 5$\times$10$^{11}$ ions/$\textrm{cm}^2$. At the boundary of the ion dosage of 10$^{12}$ ions/$\textrm{cm}^2$, the density of the induced hillocks was decreased and RMS (root mean square) surface roughness was not deteriorated further. At the dosage of 5x10$^{13}$ ions/$\textrm{cm}^2$, the induced hillocks completely disappeared and the surface became very flat. In addition, the irradiated region was sputtered. $CO_2$ cluster ions are irradiated at the acceleration voltage of 25 kV to remove hillocks on indium tin oxide (ITO) surface and thus to attain highly smooth surfaces. $CO_2$ monomer ions are also bombarded on the ITO surface at the same acceleration voltage to compare sputtering phenomena. From the AFM results, the irradiation of monomer ions make the hillocks sharper and the surfaces rougher On the other hand, the irradiation of $CO_2$ cluster ions reduces the hight of hillocks and planarize the ITO surfaces. From the experiment of isolated cluster ion impact on the Si surfaces, the induced hillocks m high had the surfaces embossed at the lower ion dosages. The surface roughness was slightly increased with the hillock density and the ion dosage. At higher than a critical ion dosage, the induced hillocks were sputtered and the sputtered particles migrated in order to fill valleys among the hillocks. After prolonged irradiation of cluster ions, the irradiated region was very flat and etched.

• Journal of Korean Society of Steel Construction
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• v.9 no.4 s.33
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• pp.589-600
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• 1997

Cold-formed deck sections are used in many composite floor slab applications wherein the steel deck serves not only as the form for the concrete during construction but also as the principal tensile reinforcement for the bottom fiber of the composite slab. This paper provides the results of an experimental study performed for the composite slabs with the new shaped deck plates with the locking ribs, the dove tails, and the powerful embossment, which are the mechanical means to improve positive interlocking effect between the deck and the concrete. A total of 28 specimens are tested to investigate the composite effects between the concrete and metal deck plate. Important parameters in this are the span length, the thickness of the deck plate, support condition, and whether shear studs are placed at each support or not. The test results are summarized for the maximum load and failure behavior for the specimens.

• Journal of rehabilitation welfare engineering & assistive technology
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• v.11 no.2
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• pp.173-177
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• 2017

Bidet is widely used and is being developed for multipurpose. However, use of this bidet varies by the elderly and disabled people. Therefore, this research compares and analyze need of bidet for elderly and disabled people and by many different types. This survey was conducted targeting 39 elderly and 120 disabled people. This survey is consist of questions that varies by bidet companies and includes questions like UI cognitive abilities, automatic water flushing, position of control box and necessary of embossment for icons. As a result, elderly and disabled people showed similar in result but for visually impaired person, the ratio of preference showed 1:9 which is opposite. As for visually impaired person, the ratio of preference showed 1:9 which is pretty high.