• 한국기계가공학회지
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• 제9권6호
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• pp.101-108
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• 2010

The drum clutch investigated in this study is formed in 5 forming steps, which are 1st deep drawing, 2nd deep drawing, restriking, embossing, and $Grob^{TM}$ processes. Dimensional accuracy of the final products greatly depends upon how much more accurate pre-form is manufactured in the previous forming processes before the $Grob^{TM}$ process. The deep drawing, restriking and embossing processes in which the pre-form is formed are very important and decisive steps. Thus in some cases, excessive strain by these operations causes dimensional inaccuracy and cracks initiated from the base and wall of the product. Process variables such as the punch shapes both of 1st and 2nd deep drawing, and punch angle were selected to evaluate the deformation characteristics. The optimum parameters were determined from forming simulations using commercial FEM codes, DEFORM and Tauchi method, specifically developed for metal forming simulation. Finally, experiments for the whole drum clutch forming processes were carried out to verify the optimized forming parameters and the analytical results.

• 소성∙가공
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• 제21권3호
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• pp.202-206
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• 2012

Marking is a process that engraves letters or a pattern onto the surface of sheet metal. During marking, it is important to set the proper working conditions for clarity of the letters. In this study a simple case for forming circular protrusions by half-piercing and embossing was initially attempted to determine the working conditions which gave good results with respect to shape accuracy. Corner-radius and flatness of circular protrusions made under several experimental conditions were measured and compared. It is shown that the precision of protrusions by half-piercing is superior to that of embossing, and the clearance between punch and die exerts a strong influence on the shape accuracy rather than the penetration percentage into the thickness of the sheet metal. The marking dies for "SNUT" letters, as an example, by applying the above results were manufactured with four different clearances. The working variables for the experiment were clearance and marking depth. For the very shallow depth of 0.1mm the letters were not clearly read. Letters marked under other conditions were easily distinguished with increasing marking depth. It was confirmed that the half-piercing technique with proper values of the working variables gives good quality for the marking of sheet metal.

• 한국생산제조학회지
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• 제25권1호
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• pp.62-67
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• 2016

This paper presents a silicon nanostructure array embedded in a polymer film. The silicon nanostructure array was fabricated by using basic microelectromechanical systems (MEMS) processes such as photolithography, reactive ion etching, and anisotropic KOH wet etching. The fabricated silicon nanostructure array was transferred into polymer substrates such as polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA), polyethylene terephthalate (PET), and polycarbonate (PC) through the hot-embossing process. In order to determine the transfer conditions under which the silicon nanostructures do not fracture, hot-embossing experiments were performed at various temperatures, pressures, and pressing times. Transfer was successfully achieved with a pressure of 1 MPa and a temperature higher than the transition temperature for the three types of polymer substrates. The transferred silicon nanostructure array was electrically evaluated through measurements with a semiconductor parameter analyzer (SPA).

• 폴리머
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• 제26권4호
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• pp.462-467
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• 2002

Hot embossing 공정을 이용하여 광도파로 소자를 제조하기 위하여 polymethylmeth-acrylate (PMMA)와 polyvinylidenefluoride (PVDF)를 용융 혼합하여 물리적 성질과 광학적 특성을 조사하였다. PMMA/PVDF 혼합물의 유리전이온도 ($T_g$)는 PVDF의 함량이 증가할수록 감소하였다. 하지만 PVDF의 결정은 관찰되지 않았다. PMMA와 비교적 적은 양인 PVDF간의 분자수준의 상호작용에 기인하는 혼화성에 의하여 $T_g$는 감소하고 PVDF의 결정화를 방해하여 무정형성을 유지하는 것으로 판단되었다. PMMA/PVDF 혼합물의 전단점도는 PMMA와 PVDF 사이에서 나타나며 PMMA와 PVDF 사이의 상용성에 의해 PVDF의 함량이 증가할수록 감소하였다. PVDF의 함량이 증가할수록 불소분자의 첨가에 의한 분자의 분극률이 저하되어 혼합물의 굴절률과 흡수손실은 감소하고 투과율은 증가하였다.

• 한국진공학회지
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• 제13권1호
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• pp.34-38
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• 2004

핫엠보싱 기술을 이용하여 고분자 광도파로를 제작하기 위해서는 핫엠보싱 마스터가 필수적이며, 본 연구에서는 deep-RIE 공정에 의해 실리콘 마스터를 제작하였다. 광도파로의 광손실과 직접 연관이 있는 실리콘 마스터의 측면 거칠기를 최소화하기 위해 deep-RIE 공정 수행 후, 온도 $1050^{\circ}C$에서 $H_2/O_2$ 분위기하에 산화층을 각각 400$\AA$, 1000$\AA$, 3000$\AA$, 4500$\AA$, 5600$\AA$ 및 6200$\AA$ 두께로 형성하였으며, 곧바로 $NH_4$F:HF=6:1 BOE를 사용하여 산화층을 제거하였다. 제작된 마스터의 측면 거칠기를 SPM-AFM을 이용하여 측정하였으며, 측면 거칠기가 scallop 부분의 경우, 산화층 형성과 제거 후, 12nm (RMS)에서 최소 약 6nm (RMS)로 개선되었으며, vertical striation부분은 162nm (RMS)에서 최소 39m (RMS)로 개선됨을 확인하였다.

• 한국정밀공학회지
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• 제30권6호
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• pp.644-649
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• 2013

Today, there are lots of progresses in the field of lens researches, especially in the microlens fabrication. Unlike normal lenses, microlens has been widely used as a role of improving the performance of photonic devices which increase the optical precision, and also used in the fields of the display. In this paper, polymer microlenses with $300{\mu}m$ diameter were replicated through hot-embossing from nickel mold which was fabricated by micro-EDM. After hot-embossing process, the polymer microlenses have a rough surface due to the crater formed by micro-EDM process, which is projected onto the surface of the lenses. The surface of polymer microlenses was polished using solvent vapor to improve the surface roughness of the microlenses without changing their shape. In the experiment, the surface roughness was improved with the processing time and vapor temperature. Also, the roughness improvement was greatly affected by the solubility difference between polymer and solvent.

• 한국소성가공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국소성가공학회 2007년도 춘계학술대회 논문집
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• pp.368-370
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• 2007

AAO(Anodic Aluminum Oxidation) method has been known that it is practically useful for the fabrication of nano-structures and makes it possible to fabricate the highly ordered nano masters on large surface and even on the 2.5 or 3D surface at low cost comparing to the expensive e-beam lithography or the conventional silicon processing. In this study, by using the multi-step anodizing and etching processes, highly ordered nano patterned master with concave shapes was fabricated. By varying the processing parameters, such as initial matter and chemical conditions; electrical and thermal conditions; time scheduling; and so on, the size and the pitch of the nano pattern can be controlled. Consequently, various alumina/aluminum nano structures can be easily available in any size and shape by optimized anodic oxidation in various aqueous acids. The resulting good filled uniform nano molded structure through hot embossing molding process shows the validity of the fabricated nano pattern masters.

• 한국소음진동공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국소음진동공학회 2004년도 춘계학술대회논문집
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• pp.859-863
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• 2004

Structural Dynamics Modification is very effective technique to improve structure's dynamic characteristics by adding or removing auxiliary structures, changing material property, changing shape of structure. In this research, using the surface grooving technique, shape of base structure was changed to improve its first natural frequency. Utilizing the result of sensitivity analysis, groove shape was formed gathering the many small embossing elements. For this process, Sensitivity Criterion Factor was introduced. To reduce its amount of calculation, the range of target area was restricted to their neighboring area and that result was very successful.

• 한국표면공학회지
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• 제41권6호
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• pp.331-334
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• 2008

The replica of highly ordered nano-sphere array patterns were fabricated using hot embossing method. First, silica nano-sphere array on Si substrate was transferred to PVC film at $130^{\circ}C$ and 7 bar using hot embossing process. Then, silica nano-sphere array on PVC template was removed by soaking the PVC film in buffered oxide etcher. In order to form anti-stiction layer, the PVC template was coated with silicon dioxide layer and self-assembled monolayer. Through UV nanoimprint lithography with the fabricated flexible PVC template, highly ordered nano-sphere array pattern was imprinted on curved substrates with high fidelity.

• 한국소성가공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국소성가공학회 2005년도 춘계학술대회 논문집
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• pp.423-427
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• 2005

Sandwich structures, which are composed of a thick core between two thin faces, are commonly used in many engineering applications because they combine high stiffness and strength with low weight. Depending on the application of a particular sandwich structure, various types of cores can be used. The production of sandwich sheets by a rolling process, which is a more efficient and economical approach compared to other types of processes, has become an increasingly important subject of study. In this paper, we have studied the embossing structure of sheet type and developed embossing roll mold with $\Phi3$ pattern and roll forming system.