• 한국초등과학교육학회지:초등과학교육
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• 제35권2호
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• pp.253-264
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• 2016

The purpose of this study was to investigate implications of self-directed learning experiments in elementary science education through understanding elementary school students' awareness of their experiences in self-directed learning experiments. Twenty students joined the school science club voluntarily and conducted self-directed learning experiments. We collected data through observation of the experiments, interviews, and questionnaires. The students who participated in the club showed high satisfaction with self-directed learning experiments. The participants were aware that their scientific interest and knowledge, and the confidence in conducting experiments were increased. The students felt positive about the inquiry process of conducting self-directed learning experiments with their own subjects. They also felt a sense of achievement in attempting their experiments in defiance of several failures. The participants realized that the self-directed inquires led to increased declarative and procedural knowledge of science. The students stated that they had some difficulties in coping with the different results contrary to expectations and preparing laboratory materials and instruments. Nonetheless, they showed the promotion of their scientific literacy during overcoming those difficulties. We suggest that self-directed learning experiments can be a more effective way in science learning to make students experience the nature of science than existing school experiments. This can be implemented through a creative experience activities such as science clubs.

• 한국초등과학교육학회지:초등과학교육
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• 제24권5호특별호
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• pp.504-517
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• 2005

The purpose of this study was to develop an instrument for analysing elementary secondary school, and university science laboratory instructions. The categories of this analysis instrument were instituted through literature overviews and interactions with three researchers in a science classroom analyst team, a doctoral student, and eight master level students, who participated in the process of modification of the analysis instruments on the science laboratory instructions. The contents areas were divided into three categories: aims of laboratory activities, interactions, and scientific inquiry processes. Each category contains $2\~3$ items. So the instrument consisted of 20 subcategories. The validity of the this instrument was achieved through checking with 4 science education specialists.

• 한국과학교육학회지
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• 제26권2호
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• pp.177-190
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• 2006

많은 과학교육자들이 과학 실험활동의 목적에 대하여 연구해 왔지만, 연구자에 따라 매우 다양하게 제시되고 있다. 그러나 불행하게도 지금까지도 과학교육 전문가 커뮤니티에 의해 합의된 실험목적이 없다. 이 연구의 목적은 델파이 기법을 사용하여 과학실험활동에서 추구되어야 할 목적을 전문가 커뮤니티로부터 합의된 견해를 얻고자 하는 것이다. 전문가 커뮤니티는 4명의 과학자, 4명의 과학교육전문가, 6명의 초등교사, 7명의 중등교사로 구성되었다. 이들로부터 얻은 실힘목적이 수렴되고 있는지를 확인하기 위해 윌콕슨 부호검정을 시행하였다. 연구결과 각 학교급에 따른 실험목적이 얻어졌다. 초등학교 과학 실험 활동의 목적은 7 항목이며, 중등학교 과학 실험 활동 목적은 9 항목, 대학교의 과학 실험 활동 목적은 13개 항목이다.

• 한국초등과학교육학회지:초등과학교육
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• 제35권2호
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• pp.216-228
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• 2016

The purpose of this study was to analyze pre-school teachers' observation experience and their pre and post degrees of preferences in observing underground and water living things, fungus, insects, flowerless plants and sea lives. Based on the analysis, their pre-observation experience in living things were insects, ocean creatures, underground living things, flowerless plants, fungus and water living things in order. The degree of preferences in flowerless plans based on their gender, the female pre-service teachers showed higher scores than the average in both pre and post test. The male, however, responded higher scores in underground living things in both tests. Their background such as liberal arts or science or arts and physical major affected their preferences scores in water living things, insects and flowerless plans in the post test, and the science major pre-service teachers showed the highest degree of preferences in insects among the liberal arts, science or arts and physical major pre-teachers in the post test. In conclusion, there were different degree of their preferences affected by the pre observation experience, gender difference, their present majors such as the liberal arts, science or arts and physical major, the categories of living things but not in their high school background such as liberal arts or science.

• 한국초등과학교육학회지:초등과학교육
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• 제24권4호
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• pp.435-442
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• 2005

For this study we conducted a survey far elementary students from 3rd to 6th grade. We performed a frequence test using statistic program and the cross-tabs between gender and grade. We then conducted a thorough interview with the students, after constructing several meaningful questions reflecting the results of survey. As a result of this study, it was critical to arrange interesting inquiry activities in order to foster student's preference for science and attract them to get involved in the science class. We found that teachers were needed to be more flexible to make a group during the classes and teachers would succeed to reflect student's characteristics. In addition, it is necessary for the teachers to refrain from excessive advising or immoderate interrupting student's experiment activity. We conclude that only when the improvements in the curriculum for science education should be made, teachers would allow students to recognize its significances by themselves, and let them follow the inquiring process during the laboratory class for themselves.

• 대한수학교육학회지:수학교육학연구
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• 제24권1호
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• pp.29-44
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• 2014

2009 개정 교육과정에서 수학교과교실의 활용에 관한 내용이 언급된 후, 중등학교에서는 2014년까지 모든 학교에서 수학교과교실제가 전면 시행될 계획이다. 본 연구는 수학교과교실의 활용이 초등학교로 확장될 것으로 보고, 초등학교에서의 수학실의 기능 및 활용 방향을 탐색하였다. 수학실에 관한 문헌연구를 통해 설문을 구성하여 현직 초등학교 교사들을 중심으로 수학실에 관한 다양한 의견을 조사하였다. 이를 토대로 초등학교 수학실의 기능과 활용에 관한 방향을 제안하였다. 본 연구에서는 초등학교 수학실의 주요 기능으로 수학문화체험실, 수학레크리에이션실, 수학특별수업실세 가지를 제안하였다. 본 연구는 차후 중등학교의 수학교과교실과는 차별화되는 초등학교 수학실의 구성 및 활용에 시사점을 제공할 수 있을 것이다.

• 공학교육연구
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• 제14권3호
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• pp.31-37
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• 2011

This article presents program development and analysis of a creative robot school for elementary school at the local university. The purpose of opening the creative robot school is to give motivation to children for having interests in science and engineering at their young ages. The creative robot school program is developed by using facilities of a local university to spread scientific knowledge to young children in their communities to draw their interests in science as well as an engineering field for future careers. Since the robot system is a popular subject to draw attention of children and has a relation with Mechatronics Engineering, a program related with robots is selected for educating children. College students are also involved in helping children to build robots within a given time. Experiences and self-evaluations from the previously held creative robot schools at Chungnam National University(CNU) are presented to share with.

• 한국초등과학교육학회지:초등과학교육
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• 제28권3호
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• pp.277-291
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• 2009

This study is intended to develop plant inquiry instruction using Rapid-cycling Brassica rapa (RcBr) whose life cycle is relatively short, and to apply it to the elementary science instruction of the 4th grader and examine their plant concept, science inquiry skills and science-related attitudes. The materials were consisted of laboratory manuals for the students as well as teachers' guide. By observing the life cycle of RcBr, students can experience the conceptual learning of the plant's life cycle. In addition, this study investigated the cause of change in science inquiry skills and science-related attitudes by interviewing 12 students. It has shown that plant inquiry instruction using RcBr has meaningful effects on students' understanding of the plant concept, improving students' science inquiry skills, and changing students' science-related attitudes. Students who showed improvement in science inquiry skills were able to answer questions regarding science knowledge correctly. And students whose science related attitudes were improved had a positive attitude on cultivating RcBr. Students told that RcBr was an interesting and good material to inquire plant. Because of its small size and its relatively short life cycle of RcBR, it should be a desirable plant material for the inquiry instruction which can give rise to useful and meaningful results for the elementary school students.

• 한국과학교육학회지
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• 제12권3호
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• pp.109-118
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• 1992

In this study, the attitudes of about 1200elementary and secondary students towards sciences lessons and scientists were investigated. For the survey of this study, simillar numbers of students in Seoul were selected from the 5th, 8th and 11th grades and from both sexes. For the attitudes towards science lessons, in the survey questionnaire, there were questions on the type of science lesson which students prefer and on student's assessment of science lessons which they receive. For the attitudes towards scientists, there were questions on scientists whom students respect, on students assessment of scientists and on students assessment of themselves. Results of this study can be summarized as follows: (1) A great majority of students prefered the laboratory-based to classroom-based lessons, but this tendency was less apparent in olderstudents.More boys, compared with girls, prefered laboratory-based study. (2) The student's assessment of science lessons was positive in the elementary school, neutral in the middle school and negative in the high school level. Boys showed more positive attitudes towards the study of science. (3) Apparently more girls than boys mentioned Madam Curie as a scientist whom they respect, Students tended to respect scientists in terms of their personalities rather than their cognitive abilities. (4) Students tended to assess that scientist's are more able than themselves in cognitive areas while themselves are better in affective areas. The gap between student's asessments of scientists and that of themselves became bigger in high school students. The gap between boy's assessments of themselves and girl's assessments of themselves was bigger in high school level than in middle school. (5) The decline of students attitude towards science lessons was bigger than their attitude towards scientists.

• 한국동물위생학회지
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• 제25권4호
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• pp.385-407
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• 2002

The planning of any experiment or trial involving the use of animal (material) requires the most detailed and careful consideration of the wide variety of species and strains that are now available. Unfortunately, although many research workers carefully define their requirements with respect to chemicals or complicated laboratory equipment, often they appear to be unaware of the specifications that should be similarly applied to laboratory animals and end up simply asking for a white mouse！ The aim of any user of laboratory animals should be to achieve maximum accuracy with the minimum number of animals, and it is, therefore, essential that careful consideration should be given to the choice of the animal(Bleby J, 1987). The first step when selecting an experimental animal is to specify the type needed, taking into account the following factors: 1. species, 2. breed or strain, and 3. quality, especially with respect to health and genetical status. The correct choice of species cannot be emphasized too strongly and failure to do so can sometimes have dire consequences, frequently very expensive in financial terms and sometimes extremely tragic in manifestations of human and animal suffering. In this paper, we reorganized a lot of collected articles described previously for common and scientific names of amphibians, domestic animals, birds, invertebrates, mammals, reptiles, and aquaculture as mentioned in the text.