• 한국우주과학회:학술대회논문집(한국우주과학회보)
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• 한국우주과학회 2011년도 한국우주과학회보 제20권1호
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• pp.23.4-23.4
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• 2011

MIRIS is the main payload of the Science and Technology Satellite-3 (STSAT-3). which is being developed by KASI for infrared survey observation of the Galactic plane at Paschen alpha wavelength. Wideband filters in I and H band will also be used to observe cosmic infrared background. The MIRIS will perform astronomical observations in the near-infrared wavelengths of 0.9~2 ${\mu}m$ using a 256 ${\times}$ 256 Teledyne PICNIC FPA sensor providing a 3.67 ${\times}$ 3.67 degree field of view with a pixel scale of 51.6 arcsec. The flight model of the MIRIS has been recently developed, The system performance tests have been made in the laboratory, including opto-mechanics test, vibration test, thermal vacuum test and passive cooling test down to 200K, using a thermally controlled vacuum chamber. Several focus tests showed good agreements compared to initial design parameters. Recent efforts are being concentrated to improve the system performances, particularly to reduce readout noise level in electronics. After assembly and integration into the satellite bus, the MIRIS will be launched in 2012.

• ETRI Journal
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• 제24권5호
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• pp.349-359
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• 2002

With Ni/Au and Pd/Au metal schemes and low temperature processing, we formed low resistance stable Ohmic contacts to p-type GaN. Our investigation was preceded by conventional cleaning, followed by treatment in boiling $HNO_3$:HCl (1:3). Metallization was by thermally evaporating 30 nm Ni/15 nm Au or 25 nm Pd/15 nm Au. After heat treatment in $O_2$ + $N_2$ at various temperatures, the contacts were subsequently cooled in liquid nitrogen. Cryogenic cooling following heat treatment at $600^{\circ}C$ decreased the specific contact resistance from $9.84{\times}10^{-4}$ ${\Omega}cm^2$ to $2.65{\times}10^{-4}$ ${\Omega}cm^2$ for the Ni/Au contacts, while this increased it from $1.80{\times}10^{-4}$ ${\Omega}cm^2$ to $3.34{\times}10^{-4}$ ${\Omega}cm^2$ for the Pd/Au contacts. The Ni/Au contacts showed slightly higher specific contact resistance than the Pd/Au contacts, although they were more stable than the Pd contacts. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy depth profiling showed the Ni contacts to be NiO followed by Au at the interface for the Ni/Au contacts, whereas the Pd/Au contacts exhibited a Pd:Au solid solution. The contacts quenched in liquid nitrogen following sintering were much more uniform under atomic force microscopy examination and gave a 3 times lower contact resistance with the Ni/Au design. Current-voltage-temperature analysis revealed that conduction was predominantly by thermionic field emission.

• 대한설비공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한설비공학회 2009년도 하계학술발표대회 논문집
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• pp.1096-1101
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• 2009

The plate heat exchanger(PHE) in heat pump has two flow streams of the refrigerant and water. The flow direction of the refrigerant, unlike that of water, can be changed by a 4-way valve depending on operating condition. Therefore the flow arrangement is a parallel flow for heating and a counter flow for cooling, respectively. In this study, the effects of the flow direction of the water on the heat transfer rate are investigated experimentally. The experiments are carried out for brazed plate heat exchangers under a parallel and counter flow conditions in evaporation and condensation. The experimental parameters in this study include the mass flux of the refrigerant 410A from 3 to $14\;kg/m^2s$ and the flow patterns for the pressure of PHE fixed at 0.97 and 2.46 MPa. The results show that both the heat transfer rate and frictional pressure drop across the PHE increase with the mass flux. The heat transfer rate of the refrigerant 410A for evaporation show great sensitivity to flow direction of the water. The heat transfer rate for evaporation with a counter flow are 5-30% higher than that with a parallel flow.

• 마이크로전자및패키징학회지
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• 제12권4호통권37호
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• pp.331-338
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• 2005

The rapid advances in high power light sources and arrays as encountered in incandescent lamps have induced dramatic increases in die heat flux and power consumption at all levels of high power LED packaging. The lifetime of such devices and device arrays is determined by their temperature and thermal transients controlled by the powering and cooling, because they are usually operated under rough environmental conditions. The reliability of packaged electronics strongly depends on the die attach quality, because any void or a small delamination may cause instant temperature increase in the die, leading sooner or later to failure in the operation. Die attach materials have a key role in the thermal management of high power LED packages by providing the low thermal resistance between the heat generating LED chips and the heat dissipating heat slug. In this paper, thermal transient characteristics of die attach in high power LED package have been studied based on the thermal transient analysis using the evaluation of the structure function of the heat flow path. With high power LED packages fabricated by die attach materials such as Ag paste, solder paste and Au/Sn eutectic bonding, we have demonstrated characteristics such as cross-section analysis, shear test and visual inspection after shear test of die attach and how to detect die attach failures and to measure thermal resistance values of die attach in high power LED package. From the structure function oi the thermal transient characteristics, we could know the result that die attach quality of Au/Sn eutectic bonding presented the thermal resistance of about 3.5K/W. It was much better than those of Ag paste and solder paste presented the thermal resistance of about 11.5${\~}$14.2K/W and 4.4${\~}$4.6K/W, respectively.

• 한국전기전자재료학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국전기전자재료학회 2000년도 제2회 학술대회 논문집 일렉트렛트 및 응용기술전문연구회
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• pp.11-14
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• 2000

This paper describes a thennally stimulated displacement current(TSDC) of polyamic acid alkylamine salts(PAAS) Langmuir-Blodgett(LB) films, which is a precursor of polyimide(PI). The TSDC measurements of PAAS LB film were performed from room temperature to about $250^{\circ}C$ and the temperature was increased at a rate of $0.2^{\circ}C/s$. This show that this is TSDC peaks at about $70^{\circ}C$ in the arachidic acid LB films, and at about $70^{\circ}C$ and $160^{\circ}C$ in the PAAS LB films. Results of this measurements indicate that one small peak at $70^{\circ}C$ is resulted from a softening of the alkyl group and the large peak at $160^{\circ}C$ is possibly due to dipole moment of C-O group in the PAAS molecule. We have calculated the vertical component of dipole moment of the P AAS LB film out of the TSDC curves. It shows that the dipole moment of PAAS LB film is about -40mD at $70^{\circ}C$ and about 200mD at $160^{\circ}C$ in the first measurement of TSDC. In the second measurement of TSDC of PAAS LB film after cooling down to room temperature, the TSDC peaks are almost disappeared.

• 한국대기환경학회지
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• 제22권2호
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• pp.249-257
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• 2006

In this work, the adsorptive and desorptive behavior of reduced sulfur compounds (RSC) was investigated using the combination of the Peltier cooling (PC)/thermal desorption (TD) unit with the gas chromatographic (GC) detection technique. To examine the adsorptive characteristics of RSC on clothing materials, a total of nine experiments were conducted in a stepwise manner. Once small towel pieces are exposed to significant quantities of RSC standards with high concentrations (10 ppm), the desoprtion stage was then induced by deloading RSC with ultrapure $N_2$ at three different flow rates (FR) of 20, 40, and 60 mL/min. At each FR, the total deloading volume of 400, 800, and 1,600 mL were maintained. These results were then compared in terms of odoring efficiency by dividing the total amount of desorption with the total amount used for exposition or RSC loading. The results indicated that desorption reaction of certain compounds ($CH_3SH$ and DMS) can be influenced significantly with the reducing FR, while they are not affected directly by the total deloading volume. In addition, when the extent of adsorption was compared for most S compounds by the odoring efficiency term, the extent of absorption generally occurred at approximately 1/1000 level of original exposition.

• Architectural research
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• 제17권3호
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• pp.109-115
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• 2015

The dynamic pricing of electricity, where the electricity rate increases in a time zone with a high demand for electricity is typically applied to a building whose power reception capacity is greater than a certain size. This includes the time of use(TOU) electricity pricing in Korea which can induce the effect of reducing the power demand of a building. Meanwhile, a VRF (Variable Refrigerant Flow) system that uses electricity is regarded as one of the typical heating and cooling systems along with central air conditioning (central HVAC) for its easy operation and application to the building. Thus, to reduce power energy and operating costs of a building in which the TOU and VRF systems are applied simultaneously, we suggested a control for changing the indoor temperature setting within the thermal comfort range or limiting the rotational speed of an inverter compressor. In this study, to describe the features of the above-mentioned control and verify its effects, we evaluated the results obtained from the analysis of its operation data. Through the actual measurements in winter operations for 73 days since mid- December 2014, we confirmed a reduction of 10.9% in power energy consumption and 12.2% in operating costs by the new control. Also, a reduction of 13.3% in power energy consumption was identified through a regression analysis.

• Journal of Astronomy and Space Sciences
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• 제14권2호
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• pp.259-268
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• 1997

천문대에서 개발 중에 있는 CCD를 사용한 극미 광 영상장비의 시험모델 개발과 현재까지의 결과를 논의하였다. 고도의 저 잡음 도와 안정성이 요구되는 천문관측용 극미 광 영상장비는 자외선에서 가시 광 및 근 적외선 영역에 이르기까지 매우 넓은 파장영역에서 관측을 수행할 수 있는 장비로서 여러 분야에 널리 사용되고 있다. 그러나 현재가지 국내에서는 이 장비의 핵심부분인 controller의 자체설계 기술이 확보되어 있지 않은 실정이다. 이 연구에서 개발된 시스템의 전자 부는 한 개의 EPLD(Erasable Programable Logic Device)에 구현된 controller와, 그 외에 analog driver, video processor로 이루어져 있으며 CCD의 암잡음을 줄이기 위한 방법으로 액체질소 냉각방식을 사용하고 있다. 전체적인 제어와 자료처리는 범용성을 고려하여 개인용 컴퓨터(PC)를 이용하였다. 액체질소 냉각용 cryostat와 CCD 소자를 제외한 대부분이 자체 설계제작 되어진 이 시스템으로 실험실과 소백산천문대에서 시험영상을 얻는데 성공하였다.

• 설비공학논문집
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• 제19권12호
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• pp.842-849
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• 2007

For a $CO_2$ two-stage twin rotary compressor used for heat pump water heater system, changes of $CO_2$ solubility in PAG oil were investigated along the gas passages from the first stage suction to final discharge. Only slight changes in solubility took place in suction chambers for both of the first and second stages, but for compression chambers, solubility variation ranged from 0.115 to 0.136, and from 0.133 to 0.182, respectively for the first and second stages. Calculation of gas flashing in parts of leakage oil flows and of oil contained in control volumes due to solubility changes was conducted and included in gas pressure calculation. For the second stage, gas flashing amounts to around $5%\sim6%$ for most leakage flows. Cooling capacity, compressor input, and COP obtained by calculation were well compared to the experimental results. Effects of operation speed on the compressor performance was also studied: as the shaft speed increased, adiabatic efficiency decreased rapidly due to increased over-compression loss.

• 마이크로전자및패키징학회지
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• 제24권2호
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• pp.17-21
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• 2017

본 연구에서는 수평형 열전 냉각 소자의 열전 냉각 성능 극대화를 위해 모사 해석을 수행하였다. ANSYS Workbench의 Thermal-Electric 프로그램을 활용한 모사 해석을 진행하였으며 해당 프로그램은 열전 효과에 초점이 맞춰 있어 보다 정확하고 효과적인 모사 해석이 가능하다. 수평형 열전 냉각 소자는 n-type의 $Bi_2Te_3$와 p-type의 $Sb_2Te_3$ 및 Au 금속 전극으로 가정하였으며, Joule 발열이 소자 중앙 하부에서 발생되는 것으로 가정하였다. 모사 해석을 통해 최대 $13^{\circ}C$의 냉각 효과를 확인하였으며, 이런 기하학적인 변수들로부터 냉각 성능을 최적화 할 수 있는 디자인을 제시하였다.