• 수산해양기술연구
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• 제53권4호
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• pp.423-429
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• 2017

As invigoration plan of the marine tourism, Busan City has the plan to operate the cruise ship inside of the harbor, but the area has narrow water way with heavy traffic. As a result it is requested to evaluate the safety for the preparation of actual navigation. In this study, the Ship Handling Simulation (SHS) Assessment was conducted, which is regulated by the Maritime Traffic Safety Audit Scheme (MTSAS) in compliance with the Marine Safety Law and the Maritime Traffic Risk Assessment System based on the Electronic Chart Display and Information System (ECDIS). The proximity assessment, control assessment and subjective assessment were implemented, which is enacted by the Marine Safety Law by using the SHS. In the case of proximity assessment, the probability of trespass was not analyzed. As the control assessment, the swept path was measured at 11.7 m and 11.5 m for port entry and port departure respectively, which exceeded the width of the model vessel, 10.4 m over; it was considered as a marginal factor. As a result of the subjective evaluation of the navigator, there would be no difficulty on ship maneuvering by paying particular attention to the mooring vessel nearby the Busan Bridge and Yeongdo Bridge as well as the coming vessel from the invisible sea area when the vessel is entering and departing the port. The Marine Traffic Risk Assessment System analyzed as [Cautious] level until the vessel passed the Busan bridge and the curved area at 5 kts and it became to [Dangerous] level from where it left 75 m to the Busan Bridge. When the vessel passed the Busan Bridge and the curved area at 10 kts and entered the narrow area, it indicated the [Dangerous] level and became to [Very dangerous] level from where it left 410 m to the Busan bridge. In conclusion, the vessel should maintain at the speed of 5 kts to reduce the risk when it passes this area.

• Journal of Information Processing Systems
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• 제7권1호
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• pp.187-198
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• 2011

User authentication refers to user identification based on something a user knows, something a user has, something a user is or something the user does; it can also take place based on a combination of two or more of such factors. With the increasingly diverse risks in online environments, user authentication methods are also becoming more diversified. This research analyzes user authentication methods being used in various online environments, such as web portals, electronic transactions, financial services and e-government, to identify the characteristics and issues of such authentication methods in order to present a user authentication level system model suitable for different online services. The results of our method are confirmed through a risk assessment and we verify its safety using the testing method presented in OWASP and NIST SP800-63.

• 산업경영시스템학회지
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• 제32권4호
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• pp.101-106
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• 2009

The unsafe act and unsafe condition is due to human error that experience 80% of safety accidents. Accordingly, one of the most important issues to reduce industrial accidents as a whole, is how to reduce the accident rate by the human error. Therefore, this paper describes the development of quantitative risk assessment (QRA) model by ergonomics for reform of safety consciousness on the semiconductor industry. Unconsciousness, disregard, ignorance, recklessness, and stress among the human factors are selected for conscious reform. Finally, the QRA model is efficiently expected to contribute towards improving continuous self-safety and health and safety culture campaign in order to prevent industrial accidents.

• Journal of Acupuncture Research
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• 제41권1호
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• pp.63-68
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• 2024

Background: Facial nerve palsy presents a significant healthcare challenge, impacting daily life and social interactions. This systematic review investigates the potential utility of ultrasonography as a diagnostic tool for facial nerve palsy. Methods: Electronic searches will be conducted across various databases, including MEDLINE, EMBASE, CENTRAL (Cochrane Central register of Controlled Trials), CNKI (China National Knowledge Infrastructure), KMBASE (Korean Medical Database), ScienceON, and OASIS (Oriental Medicine Advanced Searching Integrated System), up to February 2024. The primary outcome will focus on ultrasonography-related parameters, such as facial nerve diameter and muscle thickness. Secondary outcomes will encompass clinical measurements, including facial nerve grading scales and electrodiagnostic studies. the risk of bias in individual study will be assessed using the Cochrane Risk of Bias assessment tool, while the grading of recommendations, assessment, development, and evaluations methodology will be utilized to evaluate the overall quality of evidence. Conclusion: This study aims to review existing evidence and evaluate the diagnostic and prognostic value of ultrasonography for peripheral facial nerve palsy.

• 한국전자통신학회논문지
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• 제14권6호
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• pp.1139-1144
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• 2019

정밀측정장비의 성능을 진단 및 확인하는 교정 시스템은 교정결과의 신뢰성 확보를 위해 국제규격의 요구조건을 준수함으로 교정결과의 오판정 위험을 최소화하고 있다. 본 논문에서는 교정기관에서 고성능의 장비를 획득 및 운영하기에 불가능한 경우 불확도 요인 분석을 통한 교정 시스템 적합성 평가 방안과 가드밴드 기법을 이용하여 성능기준을 대체하는 최적화된 시험기준 산출모형을 제안한다. 제안된 방법은 교정 시스템의 정량적인 평가기준과 국제규격에서 요구되는 허위수락위험 확률 기준을 충족을 위한 최적화된 시험기준을 제공한다.

• Journal of Electrical Engineering and Technology
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• 제10권3호
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• pp.888-894
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• 2015

This paper presents a unified model based assessment framework to quantify threats and vulnerabilities associated with control systems, especially in the SCADA (Supervisory Control and Data Acquisition) system. In the past, this system was primarily utilized as an isolated facility on a local basis, and then it started to be integrated with wide-area networks as the communication technology would make rapid progress. The introduction of smart grid, which is an innovative application of digital processing and communications to the power grid, might lead to more and more cyber threats originated from IT systems. However, an up-to-date power system often requires the real-time operations, which clearly implies that the cyber security would turn out to be a complicated but also crucial issue for the power system. In short, the purpose of this paper is to streamline a comprehensive approach to prioritizing cyber security risks which are expressed by the combination of threats, vulnerabilities, and values in the SCADA components.

• 한국산학기술학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국산학기술학회 2007년도 추계학술발표논문집
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• pp.277-280
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• 2007

CARA(CAncer Risk Assessment) 시스템은 과거의 데이터와 유전적 정보를 이용하여 암 발생 위험도가 높은 사람을 선별할 수 있는 시스템이다. 본 논문에서는 과거의 데이터와 유전적 정보를 가계도를 이용하여 표현하고 이를 암 발생 위험도 평가 시스템 개발에 활용한 CARA 시스템의 구현을 시스템의 인터페이스를 중심으로 설명한다.

• 중환자간호학회지
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• 제12권1호
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• pp.36-45
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• 2019

Purpose : The purpose of this study was to identify status and characteristics of patients who have been readmitted to ICU, and to analyze risk factors associated with the readmission to ICU within 48hours. Method: Data were collected from patient's electronic medical reports from one hospital in B city. Participants were 2,937 patients aged 18 years old or older admitted to the ICU. Data were analyzed using odd ratios (ORs) from multivariate logistic regressions. Results: 2.2% of the 2,937 patients were early readmitted to ICU. Risk factors for early readmission to ICU were existence of respiratory disease, use of mechanical ventilator, and duration of hospitalization (longer). Conclusion: The assessment on the respiratory system of the patient who will be discharged from the ICU was identified as an important nursing activity. Therefore, the respiratory system management and education should be actively conducted. In addition, early ICU readmission may be prevented and decreased if a link was built to share the information on patient condition between the ICU and general wards.

• International Journal of Advanced Culture Technology
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• 제7권2호
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• pp.28-33
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• 2019

Electronic health records (EHRs) enable us to use and re-use electronic data for various multiple purposes, such as public reporting, quality improvement, and patient outcomes research. Current hospital-acquired pressure injury (HAPI) risk assessment instruments have not been specifically developed for intensive care unit (ICU) patients and showed false positive rates in this specific populations. Previous research studies report a number of risk factors; however, it is still not clear what factors influence ICU HAPI in this population. As part of a larger research study, we performed an exploratory analysis by using a large electronic health record data. The aims of this study were to compare characteristics of patients who developed HAPIs during their ICU stay with those who did not, and to determine whether the two groups were different in the aspects of length of ICU stay, discharge disposition, and discharge destinations. We conducted chi-square test and t-test for group comparison. Association was examined by using bivariate analyses. Pearson correlation coefficients were used to examine correlation between LOS and number of medications. Our findings suggest a number of consistent and potentially modifiable risk factors, such as sedation, feeding tubes, and the number of medications administered. The mortality of the HAPI group was significantly higher than the non-HAPI group in our data. Discharge disposition was significantly different between the groups. 67% of the HAPI group transferred to intermediate or long-term care hospitals whereas 57.7% of the non-HAPI group went home after discharge. Awareness of these risk factors can lead to clinical interventions that can be preventative in the ICU setting.

• 통상정보연구
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• 제18권1호
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• pp.55-78
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• 2016

본 논문은 캐나다의 ACSS(자동정산결제시스템)과 미국의 FedACH(연방준비은행의 자동교환정산소)를 비교하여 연구하였다. 양국의 전자자금이체시스템을 특별히 비교연구 한 이유는 ACSS와 FedACH가 양국을 대표하는 소액 소비자간 결제 시스템이라는 사실과 동일한 북미경제권이라는 공통점을 가지고 있었기 때문이다. 연구의 결과 양국의 시스템은 지급시스템의 운영방법, 운영기관의 구성 및 중앙은행의 지위, 지급협회의 역할 및 수표거래와 전자거래의 운영방식이 다르다는 결론에 도달하였다. 또한 양 지급시스템이 참여자들에게 인정받으면서 더욱 보편적인 지급시스템으로 발전하기 위한 정책적 시사점으로 다음과 같은 점을 제시하였다. 첫째, 다양한 종류의 사기거래와 각종 위험노출을 회피하기 위하여 안전성을 더욱 보완하여야 한다. 둘째, 건전한 지급시스템으로 인정받아 고객과 시장에서 인정받기 위해서는 국제적으로 공인된 감독기준의 적용을 받아야 한다. 셋째, 최종 고객의 이익을 보장하는 방향으로 시스템이 운영되기 위해서는 프라이 버쉬(privacy)보장을 전제로 시장의 힘을 강화시켜 진입장벽도 낮추고 이용비용은 더욱 감소시킬 필요가 있다. 마지막으로 중앙은행의 역할과 관련하여 한국도 미국과 캐나다와 같은 대부분의 선진국에서처럼 중앙은행법외에 지급결제에 관한 일반법을 별도로 두고 중앙은행과 지급결제협회간의 업무권한을 분산시켜 지급결제시스템의 리스크발생에 대비한 체계적인 대응을 준비할 필요가 있다.