• Journal of ILASS-Korea
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• v.28 no.3
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• pp.134-142
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• 2023

Electric field assisted combustion is a method that reduces instability in lean combustion. In this study investigated the effects of electrode position on propane-air flame characteristic using a ring electrode. Results showed that burning velocity was not affected by electrode position, but positive voltage expanded the flammability limit while negative voltage contracted it. The effect of voltage polarity on the flammability limit decreased as the electrode position increased. Expanding the flammability limit with a positive voltage can reduce NOx emissions.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Electrical and Electronic Material Engineers Conference
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• 2010.03b
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• pp.23-23
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• 2010

Because of power consumption increase, global warming, and limitation of installation, not only high reliability and interruption capability but also compact and light power apparatuses are needed. In this paper, various models that short and long gap distance were used to analyze E field of each model. Calculation value was estimated of flashover position. As a result, short and long gap distance that vacuum interrupter inner between move electrode and fix electrode not coincided flashover position of each model. short gap distance estimated flashover position at electrode edge. but long gap distance model confirmed $E_{max}$ value at center shield. in this paper was compared electric field value. and estimated of flashover position from electric field calculation.

• 제어로봇시스템학회:학술대회논문집
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• 1986.10a
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• pp.596-600
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• 1986

This paper describes a capacitively reading apparatus for determining the angular orientation, speed and/or direction of rotary objects such as shaft, dial hand, counter wheel and the like. The apparatus consists of sensing device and circuit accompanying with said sensing device. The sensing device is provided by arranging many stationary electrodes lying substantially on a surface of a stationary plane member and by arranging rotary electrode lying substantially on a surface of rotary objects to be monitored, in which said rotary electrode is in confronting relationship to some stationary electrodes so as to construct unique capacitors according to the angular position of rotary objects. The angular position of said rotary electrode is determined by sets of stationary electrodes which are in confronting relationship to rotary electrode. A carrier signal is generated by scanning device while scanning said stationarelectrodes, whose periods are in corresponding relationship to said stationary electrodes, respectively. The periods of carrier corresponding to the angular position of said rotary electrode is modulated by a modulation signal generated by detecting device according to said rotary electrode. This apparatus is applied to automatically monitor any kind of storage tank, as well as to automatically read the conventional utility meters such as Watthour meters, Gas meters, Water meters, etc..

• Annals of Clinical Neurophysiology
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• v.12 no.1
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• pp.11-15
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• 2010

Background: In belly-tendon (bipolar) montage, reference (R2) electrode placed on muscle's tendon has traditionally been considered to be electrically inactive. However, recent studies have revealed that R2 electrode is not simply referential, but actively contributes to compound muscle action potential (CMAP) waveform morphology. These findings suggest that CMAP onset latency and amplitude may also be influenced by the position of R2 electrode. This study was performed in order to evaluate the effect of R2 electrode position on CMAP onset latency and amplitude. Methods: We performed motor nerve conduction studies of median, ulnar, tibial and peroneal nerves on bilateral limbs of 20 normal subjects. We used traditional bipolar and monopolar montage and compared their CMAP onset latencies and amplitudes. In bipolar montage, recording (R1) electrode was placed on mid-belly of muscle with R2 electrode on the tendon of the muscle. In monopolar montage, R1 electrode was placed on the same site of bipolar montage, while R2 electrode was placed on the contralateral limb. Results: The mean CMAP onset latencies of median and peroneal nerves in bipolar montage were significantly different (p<0.05) with those in monopolar montage. And those of ulnar and tibial nerves were not significantly different (p>0.05). The mean CMAP amplitudes of all the tested nerves except ulnar nerve were significantly different (p<0.05). Conclusions: This study shows that change in R2 electrode position can affect the CMAP onset latency and amplitude, and these differences seem to be related to the generation of far field potential by CMAP.

• The Korean Journal of Pain
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• v.20 no.2
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• pp.186-189
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• 2007

The most important factors for successful stimulation of the spinal cord are strict patient selection and proper lead position. To ensure proper lead position, paresthesia produced by the stimulator should cover all of the areas in which pain is occurring. Until recently, only the quadripolar electrode lead has been used in for spinal cord stimulation in Korea, however, the 8 electrode lead was recently introduced to offer greater programming options and enhance the precision with which paresthesias is delivered to the desired sites. In addition, because the 8-electrode lead has a longer electrode span, it provides greater dermatomal coverage of up to 2 vertebral segments. Furthermore, the 8-electrode lead allows electronic repositioning of the stimulation to accommodate changing pain patterns, thereby reducing the need for lead revisions due to lead migration. Here, we present a case in which complex regional pain syndrome type I was successfully managed using an 8-electrode lead to induce spinal cord stimulation.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Electrical and Electronic Material Engineers Conference
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• 2003.07b
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• pp.735-738
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• 2003

Downsizing electronics requires precision position control with an accuracy of sub-micron order, which demands development of ultra-fine displacive devices. Piezoelectric transducer is one of devices transferring electric field energy into mechanical energy and being capable for fine displacement control. The transducer has been widely used as fine Position control device Multilayer piezoelectric actuator, one of typical piezo-transducer, is fabricated by stacking alternatively ceramic and electrode layers several hundred times followed by cofiring process. Electrode material should be tolerable in the firing process maintaining at ceramic-sintering temperatures up to $1100{\sim}1300^{\circ}C$. Ag-Pd can be used as stable electrode material in heat treatment above $960^{\circ}C$. Besides, adding small quantity ceramic powder allow the actuator to be fabricated in a good shape by diminishing shrinkage difference between ceramic and electrode layers, resulting in avoidance of crack and delamination at and/or nearby interface between ceramic an electrode layers. This study presents synthesis of nano-oxide-added Ag/Pd powders and its feasibility to candidate material tolerable at high temperature. The powders were formed in a co-precipitation process of Ag and Pd in nano-oxide-dispersed solution where Ag and Pd precursors are melted in $HNO_3$ acid.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Electrical and Electronic Material Engineers
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• v.30 no.12
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• pp.776-781
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• 2017

In this study, we investigated the effect of electrode pattern design on the thermal shock resistance and temperature uniformity of a ceramic heater. A cordierite substrate with a low thermal expansion coefficient was fabricated by tape casting, and a tungsten electrode was printed and used as a heating element. The temperature distribution of the ceramic heater was calculated by a finite-element method (FEM) by considering various electrode patterns, and the tensile stress distribution due to the thermal stress was calculated. In the electrode pattern with a single-line width, the central part of the ceramic heater was heated to the maximum temperature, and the position of the ceramic heater having a double-line width was changed to the maximum temperature, depending on the position of the minimum line width pattern. The highest tensile stress was found along the edges of the ceramic heater. The temperature gradient at the edge determined the tensile stress intensity. The smallest tensile stress was observed for electrode pattern D, which was expected to be advantageous in resisting thermal shock failures in ceramic heaters.

• Korean Journal of Clinical Laboratory Science
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• v.53 no.1
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• pp.60-67
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• 2021

Electroencephalography (EEG) is used for the diagnosis of epilepsy and testing the brain function. Clinical technologists are responsible for recording EEG without artifacts in accordance with the international 10~20 electrode system. Training on these techniques requires practical education. In the case of EEG, however, it is difficult for trainees to find the correct location of the electrode. Therefore, this study compared the time spent to locate the electrode attachment between traditional tape and the newly developed band. The time spent for sitting position patients using the band (196.7±61.8s) was 1084.3 s faster than the tape (1,281.0±457.4s) (P<0.001). Furthermore, the spend time spent for lying position patients using the band (200.2±49.3s) was 1217.7s faster than the tape (1417.9±482.3s) (P<0.001). Measurements using the band showed fewer differences due to various factors, such as position, practical experience, and gender. The newly developed band can locate the correct electrode attachment position quickly and efficiently, which has been a difficult problem in EEG practical education. In addition, this band is expected to be applied widely by new clinical technologists in the clinical field. Nevertheless, more study will be required to verify the accuracy of the location of the attaching electrode.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Electrical and Electronic Material Engineers Conference
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• 2008.11a
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• pp.310-311
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• 2008

We have studied electro-optical characteristics of fringe-field switching (FFS) mode with high $d{\Delta}n$ according to the electrode position. In this device, the fringe-electric field drives the LCs to rotate so that the dielectric torque is electrode-positional dependent, which results in electrode-position dependency in the LC's rotating angle. We confirmed polarization microscope image and chromaticity diagram at the different electrode position with LC that have high $d{\Delta}n$. Since the FFS mode is influenced by horizontal and vertical electric field, the FFS mode modulates light using both phase retardation and polarization rotation effect, which had already been verified with previous studies. However, from another point of view, tight modulation of FFS mode has been demonstrated by performing experiment and calculated simulation at the high $d{\Delta}n$ LC cell.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Precision Engineering Conference
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• 1997.10a
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• pp.626-629
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• 1997

In this study, position optimization of insulation rods and suspension rods in discharge electrode frame of electrostatic precipitator(EP) is performed using finite element analysis(FEA). The object of the optimization is to minimize the difference of altitudes in unevenly sagged horizontal structure and to regulate the size of materials within the allowable stress bounds. Uppermost horizontal channel of discharge electrode frame is highly stressed and uniformity of lowest horizontal angle depends on the position of rods. Ten types of frame are analyzed and one recommended model is presented.