• 전기전자학회논문지
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• 제26권2호
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• pp.249-256
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• 2022

대퇴의족은 절단하지를 대체하여 보행을 수행하는 기기이며, 불연속적으로 변하는 보행 환경에 대응하기 위해 사용자의 의도 제공을 통한 보행 모드 변경을 요구한다. 외부의 제어 기기 없는 자연스러운 보행 모드 변경을 위한 요구로 절단 부위와 직접 접촉하는 소켓 내부의 생체 역학적 특징을 통해 사용자의 의도를 검출하는 연구가 수행되어 왔다. 하지만 아직까지 절단 부위의 신체 및 소켓 내부 환경에 적합한 센서 시스템의 요구가 남아있다. 따라서 본 연구에서는 절단 부위의 신체 특성에 적합하고 소켓 내부 온습도 조건에 영향을 받지 않으며 다양한 크기의 제작이 쉬운 필름 형태의 센서 시스템을 제안하였다. 제안된 센서는 Velostat 필름으로 제작되었으며 크기에 따라 달라지는 압력 계측 특성이 고려되었다. 실험을 통해 착용자의 의도적인 자세 수행에 의한 소켓 내부 압력 변화를 계측하였으며 보행 모드 변경 의도 검출의 가능성을 확인하였다.

• 센서학회지
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• 제30권4호
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• pp.250-254
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• 2021

A highly sensitive and selective non-dispersive infrared (NDIR) carbon dioxide gas sensor requires achieving high transmittance and narrow full width at half maximum (FWHM), which depends on the interface of the optical filter for precise measurement of carbon dioxide concentration. This paper presents the design, simulation, and fabrication of a Fabry-Perot filter based on a distributed Bragg reflector (DBR) for a low-cost NDIR carbon dioxide sensor. The Fabry-Perot filter consists of upper and lower DBR pairs, which comprise multilayered stacks of alternating high- and low-index thin films, and a cavity layer for the resonance of incident light. As the number of DBR pairs inside the reflector increases, the FWHM of the transmitted light becomes narrower, but the transmittance of light decreases substantially. Therefore, it is essential to analyze the relationship between the FWHM and transmittance according to the number of DBR pairs. The DBR is made of silicon and silicon dioxide by RF magnetron sputtering on a glass wafer. After the optimal conditions based on simulation results were realized, the DBR exhibited a light transmittance of 38.5% at 4.26 ㎛ and an FWHM of 158 nm. The improved results substantiate the advantages of the low-cost and minimized process compared to expensive commercial filters.

• 센서학회지
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• 제30권4호
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• pp.267-272
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• 2021

In this study, Ag was deposited to investigate its applicability as a surface-enhanced Raman scattering substrate after forming a grass-type black silicon structure through maskless reactive ion etching. Grass-structured black silicon with heights of 2 - 7 ㎛ was formed at radio-frequency (RF) power of 150 - 170 W. The process pressure was 250 mTorr, the O₂/SF₆ gas ratio was 15/37.5, and the processing time was 10 - 20 min. When the processing time was increased by more than 20 min, the self-masking of Si_xO_yF_z did not occur, and the black silicon structure was therefore not formed. Raman response characteristics were measured based on the Ag thickness deposited on a black silicon substrate. As the Ag thickness increased, the characteristic peak intensity increased. When the Ag thickness deposited on the black silicon substrate increased from 40 to 80 nm, the Raman response intensity at a Raman wavelength of 1507 / cm increased from 8.2 × 10³ to 25 × 10³ cps. When the Ag thickness was 150 nm, the increase declined to 30 × 10³ cps and showed a saturation tendency. When the RF power increased from 150 to 170 W, the response intensity at a 1507/cm Raman wavelength slightly increased from 30 × 10³ to 33 × 10³ cps. However, when the RF power was 200 W, the Raman response intensity decreased significantly to 6.2 × 10³ cps.

• 한국컴퓨터정보학회논문지
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• 제27권2호
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• pp.9-14
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• 2022

본 연구에서는 유연성을 가지는 공기 조형물과 같은 기구물이 사용자가 원하는 자세를 안정적으로 유지하며 이동하기 위한 방안을 제안한다. 이를 수행하기 위해 IMU를 이용한 수평 유지 자세 제어와 PI 알고리즘을 적용하여 주어진 궤적에 따라 주행이 가능한 이동로봇의 구조를 가지는 로봇 시스템을 연구하였다. 본 연구에서 사용된 공기 조형물은 고정된 자세로 얇은 끈을 이용하는 경우가 많다. 다른 방법으로는 무게 중심부에 하중을 실어 자세를 유지며 공기의 압력을 사용하므로 유연성을 가지는 시스템이다. 이러한 구조물은 디지털 센서 기술의 융합과정을 통해 유연한 형태의 구조물과 이동로봇의 결합으로 다양한 성과를 얻을 수 있을 것으로 기대한다. 본 연구는 로봇의 한 분야인 AGV(무인 반송차)의 주행 기술과 다양한 센서를 응용한 기술들을 융합하여 자세제어를 수행하였다. 검증은 공인인증시험을 통해 주어진 성능 평가를 수행하였으며 실험을 통해 그 타당성을 검증하였다.

• 품질경영학회지
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• 제50권3호
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• pp.617-634
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• 2022

Purpose: This paper introduces Pohang University of Science Technology (POSTECH) advanced metering infrastructure (AMI) and Open Innovation Big Data Center (OIBC) platform and analysis results of electricity consumption data collected via the AMI in POSTECH campus. Methods: We installed 248 sensors in seven buildings at POSTECH for the AMI and collected electricity consumption data from the buildings. To identify the amounts and trends of electricity consumption of the seven buildings, electricity consumption data collected from March to June 2019 were analyzed. In addition, this study compared the differences between the amounts and trends of electricity consumption of the seven buildings before and after the COVID-19 outbreak by using electricity consumption data collected from March to June 2019 and 2020. Results: Users can monitor, visualize, and download electricity consumption data collected via the AMI on the OIBC platform. The analysis results show that the seven buildings consume different amounts of electricity and have different consumption trends. In addition, the amounts of most buildings were significantly reduced after the COVID-19 outbreak. Conclusion: POSTECH AMI and OIBC platform can be a good reference for other universities that prepare their own microgrid. The analysis results provides a proof that POSTECH needs to establish customized strategies on reducing electricity for each building. Such results would be useful for energy-efficient operation and preparation of unusual energy consumptions due to unexpected situations like the COVID-19 pandemic.

• International Journal of Computer Science & Network Security
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• 제22권9호
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• pp.183-188
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• 2022

Recently, more and more researches aimed at the development of automated and autonomous ships are appearing in the scientific environment. One of the main reason is the need to solve the problems of safe navigation and reducing accidents due to human factor, as well as the ever-increasing problem associated with the lack of qualified maritime personnel. Development of technologies based on application of artificial intelligence also plays important role, after all for realization of autonomous navigation concept and enhancement of ship automatic maneuvering processes, advancement of maneuvering functions and elaboration of specific algorithms on prevention of close quarter situations and dangerous approach of ships will be required. The purpose of this work is the review of preconditions of occurrence of the autonomous ship navigation conception, overview of introduction stages and prospects for ship remote control based on unmanned technologies, analysis of technical and intellectual decisions of autonomous surface ships, main research tendencies. The research revealed that the technology of autonomous ship navigation requires further development and improvement, especially in terms of the data transmission protocols upgrading, sensors of navigation information and automatic control systems modernization, which allows to perform monitoring of equipment with the aim of improving the functions of control over the autonomous surface ship operation.

• 전력전자학회:학술대회논문집
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• 전력전자학회 1998년도 Proceedings ICPE 98 1998 International Conference on Power Electronics
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• pp.961-965
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• 1998

The rapid development of small-scale (1-10 MJ) Superconducting Magnetic Energy Storage Systems (SMES) can be explained by real perspective of practical implementation of these devices in electro power nets. However the serious problem of all high mechanically stressed superconducting coils-problem of training and degradation (decreasing) of operating current still exists. Moreover for SMES systems this problems is more dangerous because of pulsed origin of mechanical stresses-one of the major sources of local heat disturbances in superconducting coils. We investigated acoustic emission (AE) phenomenon on model and 0.5 MJ SMES coils taking into account close correlation of AE and local heat disturbances. Two-coils 0.5 MJ SMES system was developed, manufactured and tested at Russian Research Center in the frames of cooperation with Korean Electrical Engineering Company (KEPCO) [1]. The two-coil SMES operates with the stored energy transmitted between coils in the course of a single cycle with 2 seconds energy transfer time. Maximum operating current 1.55 kA corresponds to 0.5 MF in each coil. The Nb-Ti-based conductor was designed and used for SMES manufacturing. It represents transposed cable made of Nb-Ti strands in copper matrix, several cooper strands and several stainless steel strands. The coils are wound onto fiberglass cylindrical bobbins. To make AE event information more useful a real time instrumentation system was used. Two main measured and computer processed AE parameters were considered: the energy of AE events (E) and the accumulated energy of AE events (E ). Influence of current value in 0.5 MJ coils on E and E was studied. The sensors were installed onto the bobbin and the external surface of magnets. Three levels of initial current were examined: 600A, 1000A, 2450 A. An extraordinary strong dependence of the current level on E and E was observed. The specific features of AE from model coils, operated in sinusoidal vibration current changing mode were investigated. Three current frequency modes were examined: 0.012 Hz, 0.03 Hz and 0.12 Hz. In all modes maximum amplitude 1200 A was realized.

• 한국인터넷방송통신학회논문지
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• 제23권2호
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• pp.103-111
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• 2023

본 논문은 시계열 데이터에 존재하는 이상값을 정상값으로 변환하는 새로운 데이터 보정기법을 제안한다. 최근 IT기술의 발전으로 센서를 통해 방대한 시계열 데이터가 수집되고 있다. 하지만 센서의 고장, 비정상적 환경으로 인해, 대부분의 시계열 데이터는 다수의 이상값을 포함할 수 있다. 이상값이 포함된 원천 데이터를 그대로 사용하여 예측모델을 구축하는 경우, 고신뢰도의 예측 서비스가 실현되기 어렵다. 이에 본 논문은 LSTM-GAN 모델을 활용하여 원천 시계열 데이터에 존재하는 이상값을 탐지하고, DTW(Dynamic Time Warping) 및 GAN 기법을 결합하여 분할된 윈도우 단위로 이상값을 정상값으로 보정하는 기법을 제안한다. 기본 아이디어는 탐지된 이상값이 포함된 윈도우에 인접한 정상 분포 데이터의 통계정보를 DTW에 적용하여 연쇄적으로 GAN 모델을 구축하여 정상적 시계열 데이터를 생성하는 것이다. 오픈 NAB 데이터를 활용한 실험을 통해, 우리는 제안 기법이 기존 2개의 보정기법보다 성능이 우수함을 보인다.

• 대한의용생체공학회:의공학회지
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• 제44권4호
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• pp.255-263
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• 2023

Clinical ultrasound (US) is a widely used imaging modality with various clinical applications. However, capturing a large field of view often requires specialized transducers which have limitations for specific clinical scenarios. Panoramic imaging offers an alternative approach by sequentially aligning image sections acquired from freehand sweeps using a standard transducer. To reconstruct a 3D volume from these 2D sections, an external device can be employed to track the transducer's motion accurately. However, the presence of optical or electrical interferences in a clinical setting often leads to incorrect measurements from such sensors. In this paper, we propose a deep learning (DL) framework that enables the prediction of scan trajectories using only US data, eliminating the need for an external tracking device. Our approach incorporates diverse data types, including correlation volume, optical flow, B-mode images, and rawer data (IQ data). We develop a DL network capable of effectively handling these data types and introduce an attention technique to emphasize crucial local areas for precise trajectory prediction. Through extensive experimentation, we demonstrate the superiority of our proposed method over other DL-based approaches in terms of long trajectory prediction performance. Our findings highlight the potential of employing DL techniques for trajectory estimation in clinical ultrasound, offering a promising alternative for panoramic imaging.

• 센서학회지
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• 제32권3호
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• pp.131-139
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• 2023

Ascorbic acid plays a crucial role in the regulation of neurotransmitters and enzymes in the central nervous system. Maintaining an optimal level of ascorbic acid, which is between 0.6-2 mg/dL, is vital for preventing oxidative stress and associated health conditions, such as cancer, diabetes, and liver disease. Therefore, the detection of ascorbic acid is of the utmost importance. Electrochemical sensing has gained significant attention among the various detection methods, owing to its simplicity, speed, affordability, high selectivity, and real-time analysis capabilities. However, conventional electrodes have poor signal response, which has led to the development of modified electrodes with better signal response and selectivity. Carbon nanotubes (CNTs) and their composites have emerged as promising materials for the electrochemical detection of ascorbic acid. CNTs possess unique mechanical, electrical, and chemical properties that depend on their structure, and their large surface area and excellent electron transport properties make them ideal candidates for electrochemical sensing. Recently, various CNT composites with different materials and nanoparticles have been studied to enhance the electrochemical detection of ascorbic acid. Therefore, this review aims to highlight the significance of CNTs and their composites for improving the sensitivity and selectivity of ascorbic acid detection. Specifically, it focuses on the use of CNTs and their composites in electrochemical sensing to revolutionize the detection of ascorbic acid and contribute to the prevention of oxidative stress-related health conditions. The potential benefits of this technology make it a promising area for future research and development.