• Korean Journal of Acupuncture
• /
• v.36 no.3
• /
• pp.162-170
• /
• 2019

Objectives : Increasing evidence suggests that parasympathetic vagus nerve activity plays a role in modulating acupuncture-induced anti-inflammatory reaction, but the function of sympathetic nerve is not known. Here, we investigated whether splanchnic sympathetic nerve activity was involved in the regulation of splenic expression of $TNF-{\alpha}$ mRNA by electroacupuncture (EA) in LPS-injected animals. Methods : DiI was injected into the stomach or celiac ganglion (CG) for retrograde labeling of the target tissues. EA was given at ST36 and the electrical stimulation on the sciatic nerve in LPS-injected mice. c-Fos signals in the tissues were analyzed by immunofluorescence staining, and $TNF-{\alpha}$ mRNA was analyzed by real-time PCR. Results : Application of EA at ST36 or electrical stimulation on the sciatic nerve induced c-Fos expression in neurons of the spinal cord and celiac ganglion (CG). Then, the vagotomy reduced c-Fos levels in CG neurons but not in the spinal cord in animals given EA. Expression of $TNF-{\alpha}$ mRNA which was induced in the spleen after LPS was significantly inhibited by EA, then the vagotomy elevated $TNF-{\alpha}$ mRNA level similar to that in LPS-injected animals. Splanchnectomy in animals given LPS and EA also increased $TNF-{\alpha}$ mRNA though it was less effective than vagotomy. Conclusions : Our data suggest that EA delivered to the spleen via the splanchnic sympathetic nerve may be involved in attenuating splenic inflammatory responses in LPS-injected animals.

• Journal of Korean Medicine Rehabilitation
• /
• v.25 no.3
• /
• pp.91-102
• /
• 2015

Two patients, diagnosed as cervical spinal cord injury, were hospitalized and treated by Korean medical interventions with Functional Electrical Stimulation (FES). The range of motion of the shoulder joint, manual muscle test were adopted to measure the resulting motor recovery after treatment. And the Korean version of Barthel index (K-MBI) was adopted as a method of measuring the improvement of quality of life after treatment. The range of motions and muscle strengths of the shoulder joints were improved. The activities of daily living were slightly improved in case 2, but showed no improvement in case 1. FES was effective for upper extremities rehabilitation of spinal cord injured patients. Further studies are needed to set up an Korean medical protocol for spinal cord injury rehabilitation.

• Physical Therapy Korea
• /
• v.4 no.1
• /
• pp.87-94
• /
• 1997

The purposes of this study were 1) to determine the changes between pre-treatment and post-treatment of four groups of 15 persons each and 2) to compare the effect of conventional transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation(TENS) and laser at auricular acupuncture points on experimental pain threshold measured at the wrist. Sixty healthy adult men and women(M:32, F:28), aged 20 to 28 years, were assigned randomly to one of four groups. Group 1 received TENS to the appropriate auricular point for wrist pain, Group 2 received laser to the appropriate auricular point for wrist pain, Group 3 received placebo TENS to the appropriate auricular point for wrist pain, Group 4 received no treatment and served as controls. Experimental pain threshold at the wrist was determined with a painful electrical stimulus before and 20 minutes after ear stimulation. Group 1 was the only group that showed a stastically significant increase (p<0.05) in pain threshold after treatment whereas the Group 2,3 and 4 did not. These results suggest that TENS has the capability to higher pain threshold but laser does not.

• Journal of Korean Physical Therapy Science
• /
• v.9 no.4
• /
• pp.53-61
• /
• 2002

This study was carried out to investigate the effects of electrical stimulation on the change oxytocin(OT) immunoreactive cells in the hypothalamus of the male SD rats. Fifteen healthy and normal male rats were divided into three groups, 5 SD rat in each group. The one group has been stimulated by electro-acupuncture(EA, 2Hz) for 30 min and the other group by EA for 1hr 30 min and control group has not been stimulated. The results were summarized as follows. OT immunoreactive cells were found in the Paraventricular nucleus (PVN), Supraoptic nucleus(SON) and Lateral Magnocellular Area(LMA). The number of OT immunoreactive cells of PVN were significantly increased after 30 min as compared with control group (p<0.05) and were also significantly increased after 1hr 30min than 30 min(p<0.05). The number of OT immunoreactive cells of SON were significantly increased after 30 min and 1hr 30 min(p<0.05) as compared with control group, but decreased after 1hr 30 min than 30 min. The number of immunoreactive hells of LMA significantly increased after 30 min(p<0.05) as compared with control group, but significantly decreased after 1hr 30 min than 30 min(p<0.05). These results show that OT is released into the hypothalamus in response to electrical stimulation.

• Journal of Power System Engineering
• /
• v.10 no.1
• /
• pp.83-89
• /
• 2006

Recently, the seriousness of high blood pressure was appeared as the most frequent disease of a the whole sickness in the world. However, the treatment of this disease is uncertain and produces an adverse reaction of a medicine therapy. Also, the patients are burdened with a fee for medical treatment. Therefore, in this paper, we studied effectively and financially to execute the treatment of high blood pressure using the Chinese medicine theorem that is recently arousing the great interest of the people. The main theories in this paper are blood vessel theory and acupuncture, respectively. Especially, the composed circuit systems are classified the blood pressure depressor part and the meridian points discrimination part, respectively. The blood pressure depressor part is composed generally of low-frequency generation circuit, charging-discharging circuit, and micro-computer circuit. Finally, this research have the advantage of discrimination parts such as regular voltage generating circuit, stimulus circuit, amplifying circuit, and alarm circuit.

• Journal of the korean academy of Pediatric Dentistry
• /
• v.25 no.4
• /
• pp.788-796
• /
• 1998

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of various electroacupuncture duration induced by acupuncture point-Zusanli ($S_{36}$) electrical stimulation on inhibition of amplitude of digastric electromyogram (dEMG) evoked by noxious electrical stimuli around the mental foramen. intraperitoneal sodium pentobarbital in an initial dose of 50mg/kg and maintenance doses of 4.5mg/kg/h were given through a cannula in the femoral vein using a constant infusion pump. A pair of stimulating electrodes were inserted for noxious stimuli around the mental foramen. An irritant electronic stimuli pulse (0.2 Hz, 0.1 ms duration) was produced with an intensity of about $1.5{\times}2$ times threshold for evoking the dEMG. The anterior belly of the digastric muscle was exposed and a pair of 0.1mm wire electrodes were inserted for dEMG recording. Acupuncture point stimulation on Zusanli (2 Hz, 250 ${\mu}s$, biphasic pulse, 2 V) was delivered by Dental Electronic Anesthesia (3M, U.S.A). For periods of electronic stimulation of 10, 20, and 30min, the amplitudes of dEMG were measured on the oscilloscope and on the monitor connected to the amplifier. The following results were obtained: The dEMG was decreased to 73.4% of that in the control set after 10 min electroacupunture stimulation (Group I); The dEMG was decreased to 77.1% (10min), 54.0.% (20min) of that in the control set after 20minutes of electroacupunture stimulation (Group II). The dEMG was decreased to 73.3% (10min), 61.9% (20min), 76.2% (30min) of that in the control set after 30 min of electroacupunture stimulation (Group III). From these results, it may be that in the electroacupuncture stimulation on the Zusnali resulted in a reduction of amplitude of dEMG and that the most effective electroacupuncture stimulation period was 20min.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Information and Commucation Sciences Conference
• /
• 2007.10a
• /
• pp.170-174
• /
• 2007

Although research efforts for brain waves have prospered in medicine and engineering, acupuncture still has a long way to go regarding researches on brain waves analysis. Thus this study set out to analyze brain waves stimulated by indirect mugwort moxibustion, which was part of acupuncture techniques, and to investigate their correlations with the automatic nervous system. For the experiments, stimulation was given to Jungwan, Shingwol and Gwanwon, which were some of the spots on the body suitable for acupuncture, through indirect mugwort moxibustion. The subjects' brain waves were measured before the stimulation, during the stimulation, and one hour and two hours after the stimulation. The measurements were analyzed with Matlab 7.0 for FFT and frequency power spectrum. Then the ${\alpha}$, ${\beta}$, ${\delta}$, and ${\theta}$ waves were analyzed and examined for changes to the percentage of each frequency and to the amplitude of vibration according to the stages of stimulation. The EEG data of the entire brain were translated into FFT to analyze the percentage of the ${\alpha}$, ${\beta}$, ${\delta}$, and ${\theta}$ waves. As a result, the ${\alpha}$ waves recorded a double increase after the stimulation. The power spectrum analysis results of the entire brain decreased the ${\alpha}$ and ${\beta}$ waves dropping in the energy level, which suggested that the parasympathetic nerves were activated. When the results of the study were compared with those of the previous study, it's confirmed that indirect moxibustion stimulation could cause changes to the automatic nervous system and bring stability to those who were nervous or under stress due to the proportionate increase of the ${\alpha}$ waves.

• The Korean Journal of Pain
• /
• v.6 no.2
• /
• pp.208-212
• /
• 1993

Allergy is one of the most common intractable disease, and also allergic rhinitis is the common symptom of the allergic diseases encountered in the otolaryngologic department. There are number of treatment such as: allergen avoidance by environmental control, pharmacotherapy, allergen immunotherapy and more. But choosing the exact reguired treatment is very difficult and troublesome. During the past 3 years, we have provided treatments to 49 allergic rhinitis patients with the combined therapy of stellate ganglion block(SGB) and eletrical acupuncture(E-AP) with very good results. From our experiences we highly recommend the combined therapy with SGB and E-AP for allergic rhinitis.

• The Journal of Internal Korean Medicine
• /
• v.39 no.2
• /
• pp.247-252
• /
• 2018

A 58-year-old woman came into our clinic with headache, dizziness, and malaise after an electrical injury. Even though she received conventional treatment about five weeks after the injury, the symptoms did not improve, and she decided to undergo traditional Korean medicine treatment. During a 20-day hospital stay with acupuncture and herbal medicine, the symptoms were reduced to about half, and after six months of further treatment in the outpatient clinic, there was no pain during the day and only moderate headaches occurred intermittently after intense physical activity. As far as we know, this is the first report to treat the aftereffects of electrical injury with traditional Korean medicine treatment. Hence, here we tried to fully describe and announce the detailed progress of the patient through this report.

• Journal of the Korea Convergence Society
• /
• v.10 no.6
• /
• pp.79-87
• /
• 2019

This study examined how the application of silver spike point (SSP) and acupuncture-like transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation (A-TENS) on acupoints affects blood flow and pain threshold, using laser Doppler blood fluxes and the Commander algometer. Our study included 32 healthy men and women who were randomly divided into the SSP group (n=18) and the A-TENS group (n=14). The pain threshold and blood flow were measured at the Neiguan (PC6) of the Jueyin Pericardium Meridian of the hand. SSP was performed with a 2.8cm electrode at a fixed frequency of 3 Hz for 15 minutes. The change in blood flow and pain threshold after the intervention significantly differed between the two groups (p<0.05). We found that the application of SSP and A-TENS on an acupoint altered their blood flow and pressure pain threshold, with SSP resulting in significantly greater change than A-TENS. Based on these results, the convergence of acupoint and electrical stimulation therapy can be usefully applied as a method for various patients. Continued development of convergence interventions is necessary.