• The Korean Journal of Pain
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• v.5 no.1
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• pp.52-56
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• 1992

For pain relief my collegue and I used thin acupuncture needles as electrodes in electric stimulation. The needles were inserted into a trigger point and into another point located in the same muscle instead of meridian points of electro-acupuncture. Low frequency electric stimulation was given through the needles to 130 patients for 15 min. The results were as follows In 25 acute sprain patients electric stimulation was given $3.14{\pm}1.12$ times and the pain was reduced on the average by $83.00{\pm}6.77%$ (VAS). In 45 chronic sprain patients electric stimulation was given $5.51{\pm}1.38$ times and the pain was reduced on the average by $70.22{\pm}8.98%$ (VAS). In 28 myofascial pain syndrome patients electric stimulation was given $6.22{\pm}1.25$ times and the pain was reduced on the average by $66.48{\pm}8.75$(%). In 7 muscle contraction headache patients electric stimulation was given $4.14{\pm}1.57$ times and the pain was reduced on the average by $75.00{\pm}9.57%$ (VAS). In 25 radiculopathy patients electric stimulation was given $4.73{\pm}1.131$ times and the pain was reduced on the average by $21.37{\pm}9.31%$ (VAS). We he conclude that electric stimulation therapy using acupuncture needles is very effective in acute sprain, chronic sprain, myofascial pain syndrome and muscle contraction headache. Any doctor with knows anatomy and trigger points can practice this method without studying oriental medicine or difficult acupuncture techniques.

• Clinical and Experimental Reproductive Medicine
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• v.23 no.3
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• pp.293-301
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• 1996

In the present study, mouse follicular oocytes and 2-cell embryos(late -zygote stage embryos included) were cultured on the electric pad for electric stimulation in the culture incubator. In addition, follicular oocytes and embryos were tested for maturation and development under higher temperature condition($39^{\circ}C$).Mouse follicular oocyte maturation were not affected by anion electric stimulation and there is no significant difference in GBVD and MI between the control and experiment group after 4hr culture. In the embryo culture, it was found that more morula and blastocyst were found in the electric stimulation group rather than the control(96hr). This may seem to be caused with cytoplasmic $Ca^{2+}$ transient rise by electric stimulation(anion pad). On the other hand higher temperature incubation ($39^{\circ}C$) on the anion pad caused all the embryos degenerated within $12h{\sim}24hr$ culture. This was quite different from large animal embryos(bovine, pig, sheep), in which beneficial effect of high temperature incubation for oocyte maturation and embryo development were found.

• Journal of the Korea Institute of Information and Communication Engineering
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• v.11 no.12
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• pp.2335-2342
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• 2007

Laser stimulation has been widely studied and used in clinic. However, electrical response by laser stimulation on meridians has not been investigated. In this study, we compared electric potential of laser and acupuncture stimulation on meridians. We measured electric potential variation at acupoints(Samgan(LI3) and Hapgok(LI4)) on Large Intestine Meridian. In laser stimulation results, average peak electric potential is very low($7.53{\pm}3.44{\mu}V$) for before and after stimulation. However, acupuncture stimulation was performed in ground connection condition and resulted in huge variation of average peak electric potential($2.65{\pm}1.53mV$). That is, the intensity and pattern of electric potential were dependent on the ground connection condition and individual. Also, the electric potential pattern was very similar to the pattern of electric charge and discharge of capacitor. The acupuncture stimulation using a insulating needle resulted in lower average peak electric potential variation($0.25{\pm}0.16mV$) than that of acupuncture stimulation. It might present little electrical response of acupuncture stimulation using insulating needles. In point of electrical response, the laser stimulation was determined to be no acupuncture effect at meridian. Acupuncture stimulation seems to be most effective method to induce electrical response at meridians. The procedure and effect of acupuncture might be considered as energy consensus phenomenon by transportation of bio-ion charge between a practitioner and patient.

• Journal of Korean Physical Therapy Science
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• v.9 no.1
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• pp.167-175
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• 2002

Functional Electrical Stimulation is the clinical application of a small electric current to the intact nerves of the body, in order to trigger a muscle contraction. This contraction is then incorporated into a functional activity, for example walling. A clear distinction needs to be made between therapeutic stimulation and functional stimulation. The former being of an exercise orientation, where one would relax while the stimulation works on its own. Functional electrical stimulation on the other hand, incorporates this elicited muscle movement into an everyday activity, like standing, walking, reaching out etc. But recently, New method used to FES which updated electrode insult in muscle and small nerve branch. A lot of new research build up many countries such as England, USA, Japan, Spain, Canada. So I had been write this paper for introduce new FES method, and I hope to more enhanced motivation of therapist for the functional electric stimulation.

• Journal of Physiology & Pathology in Korean Medicine
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• v.18 no.6
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• pp.1723-1727
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• 2004

We investigated the activity and stability of alcohol dehydrogenase from horse liver (HLADH) under the electric stimulation. The activity and stability of alcohol dehydrogenase depended on electric output voltaqe, stimulation time, pulse duration and pulse interval, and temperature. HLADH retained about 23% of its activity in buffer but 78% in 10% trehalose solution under electric stimulation with 10V, 10min, The stabilizing of enzymes against electric stimulation by stabilizing additives showed a great potential use of enzymes in biotechnology and medical engineering fields.

• Journal of the Korean Chemical Society
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• v.48 no.2
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• pp.171-176
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• 2004

We investigated the activity and stability of alcohol oxidase from Hansenula sp. under the electric stimulation. The activity and stability of alcohol oxidase depended on electric output voltage, stimulation time, pulse duration and pulse interval. This inactivation of the enzyme under electric stimulation could be recovered by stabilizing additives such as sugars, polymers and hydrogels. The enzyme activity retained about 52% in 10% trehalose solution under electric stimulation with 40 V and 10 min. The stabilizing of enzymes against electric stimulation showed a great potential use of enzymes in biotechnology and medical engineering fields.

• Journal of Korean Medicine Rehabilitation
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• v.18 no.3
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• pp.157-171
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• 2008

Objectives : To report one case of semi-coma patient was treated by scalp acupuncture with electric stimulation. Methods : Patient (state of semi-coma) was treated by scalp acupuncture with electric stimulation, herbal medication and physical therapy. The improvement of patient was measured every other week by Glasgow Coma Scale(GCS), Modified Bathel Index(MBI), National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale(NIHSS). Results : We observed the patient decrease in NIHSS score and increase in GCS and MBI. Symptoms of patient such as semi-coma were improved following the treatment. Conclusions : It is suggested that oriental medical treatment; scalp acupuncture with electric stimulation, herbal medication and physical therapy were effective in semi-coma caused by traumatic brain injury.

• Restorative Dentistry and Endodontics
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• v.29 no.3
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• pp.226-232
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• 2004

Use of electric pulp testing elicits painful response in vital teeth. In this study, we examined the excessive time from pain feeling to stimulation disconnection in clinical situation. D626D (Parkell Inc., USA.) scan type electric pulp tester was used in total of 23 young healthy individuals. Each of the right central incisors and first premolars were used as testing teeth. Stimulation disconnection was achieved by EMG in anterior belly of digastric muscle, finger span, and voice and the excessive stimulation time over the sensory thresh-old was recorded. As a result, we found that the short responses before the stimulation disconnection appeared following order：EMG, finger span, and voice. The EMG disconnection is suggested to be used to reduce the excessive stimulus time in electric pulp testing.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.13 no.10
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• pp.4768-4772
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• 2012

To prevent electric shock accidents, an experience education is more effective than indoctrination education. But an electric shock experience education system required a proper physical stimulation on human body to experience electric shock. This paper experiment threshold values of a human body by using Interferential Current Type Low Frequency Stimulator in order to apply to an electric shock experience education system. And the proper stimulation values are calculated according to age (divided child and adult) and gender. Results of this study could be applied to an electric shock experience education system.

• Korean Journal of Adult Nursing
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• v.19 no.3
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• pp.508-516
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• 2007

Purpose: This study was to examine the effects of electric stimulation therapy on chronic knee pain, exercise self-efficacy, and quality of life in Korean elderly women. Methods: The design was an unequivalent control pretest-posttest study. Samples were total of 60 (experimental: 30, control: 30) elderly women with healthy cognitive and communication abilities aged 65 years old and above. The experimental treatment involved was the electric stimulation of both thigh quadriceps muscles for 15 minutes per treatment, 3times per a week, for a total of 12 weeks. Measurements taken were S-F MPQ and AIMS for chronic knee pain, exercise self-efficacy measurement for exercise self-efficacy, and S-F 36 scale for quality of life. Data were analyzed using SPSS PC+ 12. Results: Chronic knee pain according to the Short-Form McGill Pain Questionnaire (t=43.563, p=.000) and Arthritis Impact Measurement Scale (t=31.364, p=.000) were significantly decreased in the experimental group by the application of electrical stimulation therapy. Exercise self-efficacy (t=107.116, p=.000) and quality of life (t=76.429, p=.000) were significantly increased in the experimental group by the application of electrical stimulation therapy. Conclusion: Electrical stimulation therapy could be a more effective primary nursing intervention in decreasing chronic knee pain, and on increasing exercise self-efficacy and quality of life for Korean elderly women.