• 한국해양공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국해양공학회 2006년 창립20주년기념 정기학술대회 및 국제워크샵
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• pp.177-180
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• 2006

This study is to make a basic study if solid zinc (Zn) can be used for buried reference electrode, so we examined the adequacy of zinc as reference electrode by using zinc which showed regular electrode for buried period. The deference of electric potential if zinc electrode for corrosion factor such as soil resistivity or pH didn't show fixed trend and there was no clear trend on the change of measurement period. From field test, it is known that the natural electric potential difference of CSE electrode and zinc electrode is 1,100mV, but the electric potential of zinc electrode for CSE electrode in the natural soil and copying soil was 1,094~1,158mV. There was no fixed trend on the change of measurement period and electric potential difference of zinc electrode for corrosion factors such as soil resistivity or pH. Consequently, there was 40~60mV of electric potential difference in every copying soil during the experiment measurement.

• Journal of Mechanical Science and Technology
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• 제20권11호
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• pp.1920-1933
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• 2006

Piezoelectric materials produce an electric field by deformation, and deform when subjected to an electric field. The coupling nature of piezoelectric materials has acquired wide applications in electric-mechanical and electric devices, including electric-mechanical actuators, sensors and structures. In this paper, a hollow sphere composed of a radially polarized spherically anisotropic piezoelectric material, e.g., PZT_5 or (Pb) (CoW) $TiO_3$ under internal or external uniform pressure and a constant potential difference between its inner and outer surfaces or combination of these loadings has been studied. Electrodes attached to the inner and outer surfaces of the sphere induce the potential difference. The governing equilibrium equations in radially polarized form are shown to reduce to a coupled system of second-order ordinary differential equations for the radial displacement and electric potential field. These differential equations are solved analytically for seven different sets of boundary conditions. The stress and the electric potential distributions in the sphere are discussed in detail for two piezoceramics, namely PZT _5 and (Pb) (CoW) $TiO_3$. It is shown that the hoop stresses in hollow sphere composed of these materials can be made virtually uniform across the thickness of the sphere by applying an appropriate set of boundary conditions.

• 지구물리와물리탐사
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• 제5권3호
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• pp.199-205
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• 2002

전기비저항 탐사에서 측정되는 양은 두 전위전극 사이의 전위차이다. 이 전위차가 양일 경우에는 겉보기 비저항도 양의 값을 가지며, 음일 경우에는 겉보기 비저항도 음의 값을 나타낸다. 또한 측정되는 전위차의 부호는 전기장의 방향에 따라 좌우된다. 만약 측정방향과 전기장의 방향이 같다면, 전위차와 겉보기 비저항은 양의 값을 보이게 되며, 그 반대의 경우에는 음의 값을 나타낸다. 일반적으로 지표 전기비저항 탐사에는 측정방향과 1차 전기장의 방향이 같은 전극 배열을 사용하며, 이 방향의 1차 전기장은 2차 전기장에 비하여 항상 크다. 따라서 일반적인 전극배열을 사용하는 지표 전기비저항 탐사의 경우에는 지형이 평탄하고 잡음이 없다면 음의 겉보기 비저항은 나타나지 않는다. 그러나 시추공-시추공 전기비저항 탐사의 경우에는 1차 전기장의 방향과 측정방향이 일치하지 않으며, 경우에 따라서는 1차 전기장의 측정방향 성분이 2차 전기장의 측정방향 성분 보다 그 크기가 작을 수 있다. 이 경우 2차 전기장의 방향과 측정방향이 서로 반대일 경우에는 음의 겉보기 비저항이 나타날 수 있다. 따라서 음의 겉보기 비저항은 측정방향의 1차 전기장이 매우 작은 영역에서 발생할 가능성이 높다.

• Korean Chemical Engineering Research
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• 제59권2호
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• pp.247-253
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• 2021

Electrocoalescence is an active technique in petroleum industry, formation of raindrop in cloud, and digital microfluidics. In the present work, electrocoalescence of two droplets under the constant electric potential in air was studied. Through this experiment, we found that the electrocoalescence process could be divided three phases; deformation, formation of liquid bridge, and merging. And the condition for formation of liquid bridge between two droplets was obtained. For the connection of experimental result in constant potential condition with general case in constant charge condition, relationship of charge and potential difference was deduced by numerical computation. In high electric potential case, flat interfaces after recoiling were observed. It was interpreted through a numerical simulation of electric field.

• 한국안전학회지
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• 제8권4호
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• pp.101-106
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• 1993

The streaming current of insulating oil increases with increasing oil velocity and oil amount, A contact potential difference as an energetic state exits in the polymer thin film, both sides of which are contacted by two different metals having different work functions. Accordingly, the potential difference may be a cause for the short circuited transient current flowing through the external circuit. The polymers are electrificated as the electric field Is supplied, and the currents flow with increasing temperature.

• 한국수산과학회지
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• 제4권1호
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• pp.1-6
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• 1971

In order to study the catching efficiency of shrimp trawl equipped with electrodes around the net mouth and stimulant devices attached to the ground rope, an experimental operation was carried out at Oma-Island Shrimp Farm from October 3rd to November 5th, 1970. Many studies have been made on the shrimp trawl with electric stimulant devices, but few can be found for detailed scientific catching methods. Electric power consumption was so excessive that electric stimulant devices could not be developed for commercial purposes. As a first step toward the successive operations of the electric stimulant devices in the field, it is necessary to study fundamental principles, such as electric current, voltage, electric potential, potential difference, electric field and suitable pulse. The behaviour response of the common shrimp, Penaeus japonicus BATE to moving nets and electric stimulant devices were reported in the preceding papers based on the water tank experiments (Ko and Kim, 1970). Through comparative fishing tests the rate of catching efficiency during daylight time was confirmed to be from 89 to 96 per cent of the night catch efficiency, and with 30 V. 1.5 A. electric power was sufficent for practical sea operation.

• 한국감성과학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국감성과학회 2001년도 춘계학술대회 논문집
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• pp.10-14
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• 2001

Physical chemistry states that electric potential is due to Gibb's free energy from chemical reaction of the electric cell. However we have not the electromagnetic meaning of Gibb's free energy. the free energy is discovered to be a kinetic energy part of the rotating electromagnetic wave ($\pi$-ray), which is different from conventional Coulomb attraction energy and can anticipate that there is a current difference between before and after the electric load. This paper manipulates the relationship between $\pi$-rays (Gibb's free energy) and electrolysis, cell reaction and brown gas reaction.

• 대한전자공학회논문지TC
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• 제39권4호
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• pp.201-208
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• 2002

본 논문에서는 3 차원 임의 형태 도체의 지연 산란 응답을 얻기 위한, 새로운 시간영역 전장 적분방정식(Time-Domain Electric Field Integral Equation: TD-EFIE)을 제안한다. 자기 벡터 전위의 시간 미분항은 중앙 차분으로, 전기 스칼라 전위는 시간에 대한 평균을 취한 두 개의 항으로 근사하였다. 이로부터 도체에 의한 산란 지연 응답 해의 산출시, 기존의 방법보다 정확하고 더욱 안정된 해를 얻을 수 있었다. 제안된 방법의 자세한 정식화 과정을 보였으며, 주파수 영역에서의 이산 푸리에 역변환 (Inverse Discrete Fourier Transform: IDFT) 결과치와 제안된 방법에 의한 수치해를 각각 비교하였다.

• 동력기계공학회지
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• 제3권4호
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• pp.57-62
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• 1999

The microaccelerometer using a tunnelling current effect concept has the potential of high performance, although it requires slightly complex signal-processing circuit for servo-system. The paddle of micro accelerometer is pulled to have the gap width of about 2nm which almost allows the flow tunnelling current. This paper demonstrates at capacitor of microaccelerometer the use of the coupled thermo-electric analysis for voltage, current, heat flux and Joule heating then tunnelling current flows. Two electrodes are applied to the microaccelerometer producing a unform difference of temperature gradient and electric potential between the paddle and the substrate.

• 한국지하수토양환경학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국지하수토양환경학회 2004년도 임시총회 및 추계학술발표회
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• pp.203-206
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• 2004

To analysis the electrokinetic phenomena in the ground dependent on the way of applied electric power, such as constant current and constant voltage, the governing equations are derived considering advection, diffusion, ionmigration, and then they were formulated using by finite difference method. The developed program is verified by comparing the tested and predicted results reported in present papers. The results indicate that the slightly small electrical potential is predicted for constant current and for constant voltage pH near to the cathode was small than the test results. But the other predictions including the final suction, pH of electrolyte and cumulative flow are similar to the test results and predictions.