• Journal of Korean Academy of Fundamentals of Nursing
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• v.14 no.4
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• pp.500-506
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• 2007

Purpose: This study was conducted to analyze the health concerns, health behavior, and related factors for elders taking part in activities at senior centers. Method: A total of 811 elders were selected through conveniently sampling. Data were collected from November 21, 2006 to December 20, 2006. Data analysis included frequency, t-test, ANOVA, Duncan test, and Stepwise Multiple Regression using SPSS Win 15.0. Results: For health concerns statistically significant differences were found for gender, age, family, pockety money, sleeping time, regular health check-ups, and exercise. For health behavior statistically significant differences were found for gender, age, family, pocket money, religion, medical insurance, perceived health status, sleeping time, regular health check-ups, chronic illness, regular breakfast, exercise, and drinking. Perceived health status was identified as a variable influencing the health behavior. Conclusion: The results suggest that perceived health status can be considered as factor for significant nursing interventions to help single elders and older elders in senior centers.

• Journal of Korean Academy of Fundamentals of Nursing
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• v.15 no.3
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• pp.342-349
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• 2008

Purpose: This study was done to develop data for a hygiene promotion program for elders living on rural islands. Method: Self-administered questionnaires were used to collect data. Results: Most of the elders reported brushed their teeth and washing their faces twice a day. For other types of washing, 98.8% of reported washing their hands after the toilet and 22.8% reported washing their anus after defecation. Most of the elders reported changing their underwear two to three times a month and cutting their nails more than four times a month. Itchiness was reported by 24%. There were significant differences according to age for teeth brushing, face washing, shampooing, bathing, washing hands after the toilet, and cutting nails. According to sex, there were significant differences in teeth brushing, face washing, washing hands after using the toilet, washing anus after defecation, changing underwear, cutting nails, and feeling itchy. The elders showed significant differences in bathing, changing underwear, and cutting nails according to subjective economic status. They showed significant differences in teeth brushing and changing underwear when they lived with their families. Conclusion: In order to develop a proper hygiene promotion program for the elderly, their age, sex, and physical condition should be considered as well as their environmental, economical, and geographical condition.

• Journal of Korean Academy of Fundamentals of Nursing
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• v.15 no.3
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• pp.360-370
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• 2008

Purpose: This study was done to identify factors (pain stress, perceived stress, pain disability, fatigue, depression) strategies used by elders to cope with pain based on their type of pain belief. Method: Data were collected from 314 elders in community settings in Seoul from September to December of 2007. Cluster analysis, t-test, and ANOVA were used to analyze data. Result: The types of pain belief were classified as the following groups: Self-blame, Enduring & Mysterious, and Short-term & Understandable. Perceived stress (t=2.36, p=.02), social support (t=2.24, p=.03), extent of pain relief (t=2.39, p=.02), and duration of pain relief (t=2.09, p=.04) were important factors for active and passive coping in the Self-blame group. Pain stress (t=2.39, p=.01) and depression (t=-3.99, p=.00) were significantly related to the active coping in the Enduring & Mysterious group. Perceived stress (t=2.55, p=.01) was an important factor in the passive coping in the Short-term & Understandable group. Conclusion: Considering different types of pain belief in elders and factors that are significantly related to different coping strategies, future nursing interventions should be population specific to encourage active coping strategies and to decrease passive coping strategies.

• Journal of Korean Academy of Fundamentals of Nursing
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• v.16 no.4
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• pp.402-411
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• 2009

Purpose: This study was done to examine differences in chronic pain, pain coping, and depression according to attributions of somatic symptoms among the elderly. Method: Data were collected by self-report questionnaires from 195 persons age 65 or over. Descriptive statistics, ANOVA, and Scheffe's test were used to analyze the data. Results: There were statistically significant differences in chronic pain among the elders according to educational level and duration of pain, and in passive coping according to gender, physical function and duration of pain. There were statistically significant differences among the elders in active coping according to amount of spending money, in depression according to age, educational level, amount of spending money, and physical function. There also were statistically significant differences in chronic pain, pain coping, and depression according to attributions of somatic symptoms. Conclusion: The results of this study indicate that elders who have somatic attributions are incline to complain more severe chronic pain, to cope passively, and to manifest more severe depression than elders who have normalizing attributions. Continuous research is needed to improve effective nursing interventions for attributions of somatic symptoms among elders.

• Korean Journal of Adult Nursing
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• v.20 no.3
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• pp.431-442
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• 2008

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to examine the effects of resistance exercise program for elders with type 2 Diabetes on the self care, stress and HbA1c. Methods: Thirty three elders with type 2 Diabetes(18 experimental and 15 control subjects) were selected conveniently among the aged who had been enrolled in a community senior center. The subjects in experimental group participated in a resistance exercise program for 8 weeks. Data were analyzed using the SPSS/Win 12.0. Results: The resistance exercise program showed a statistical difference in self care(t=-4.39, p=.000) and stress(t=2.22, p=.034). However, there was not a statistical difference in HbA1c (F=.556, p=.557), but experimental group had decreased continuously in HbA1c after the program. Conclusion: The resistance exercise program improved self care and reduced the stress in the elders with type 2 Diabetes. Therefore, resistance exercise program can be applied as an effective nursing intervention to promote self care, decrease the stress and to prevent complication for the elders with type 2 Diabetes.

• Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing Administration
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• v.5 no.3
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• pp.415-424
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• 1999

The purpose of this study was to estimate the population requiring nursing home services for frail elders who received home care nursing services. This study identified the need of nursing home services and the proportion of elders over 60 years of age requiring nursing home services according to the admission eligibility including items with intensity of home care nursing services and the criteria for screening of patients requiring home care nursing services. In this study, survey research design was conducted. A total of 49 home care nurses were collected. They were asked to assess the need of nursing home services based on items with intensity of home care nursing services and the criteria for screening of patients requiring home care nursing services. Using secondary data analysis from the survey on 'The Evaluation of Home Care Nursing Service Program in 1994 in Korea', the proportion of elders requiring nursing home services was estimated. The estimated numbers and proportion of frail elders requiring nursing home services were 169 (86.2%) aged persons among community dwelling elders based on admission eligibility. However, the proportion of aged persons was 68% using the only criteria for screening of patients requiring for screening home care nursing services.

• Journal of Korean Public Health Nursing
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• v.13 no.2
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• pp.12-25
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• 1999

This study examines individual determinants of hospital days in community-dwelling elders by estimating a linear structural equation model based upon Andersen's behavioral model. Data were collected through a national survey of elders in Korea in 1994. The subjects for this secondary data analysis were 1687 non-institutionalized elders aged 60 years or older. Except for the effect of age and gender on family help. the predisposing components had direct effects on the enabling components. Of the effects of the enabling components. family help had a direct effect on self-evaluated health; economic status had a direct effect on chronic disease and self-evaluated health; and access had a direct effect on chronic disease. functional health status and self-evaluated health. Of the enabling components. residence and family help directly affected hospital days. Self-evaluated health revealed the greatest direct effect on hospital days followed by functional health. Overall. the effects of the predisposing components and the enabling components on hospital days were not prominent. Since the model explained only $4\%$ of the variance in hospital days. the magnitude of the effect of the need components cannot be judged in terms of equity of distribution of health services. In particular. the effect of family help in the model reveals the importance of family support in health management of elders. The implications of these analyses for improving the proposed model of hospital days were discussed.

• Research in Community and Public Health Nursing
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• v.18 no.2
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• pp.232-241
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• 2007

Purpose: The aim of this study was to explore the health-related quality of life of caregivers for demented elders. Method: The subjects of this study were 170 pairs of demented elders and their caregivers. Socio-demographic characteristics of the demented elders and the caregivers, Barthel index and SF-36 were used in this study. Data analysis procedure included t-test, ANOVA, Pearson correlation coefficient, and hierarchical multiple regression. Results: The score of overall health-related quality of life (HRQoL) was 288.62 in norm-based scoring. The major factors that affect HRQoL of the demented elders' caregivers were burden, the age of the caregiver, ADL and gender of the demented elder, and these factors explained 34.5% of HRQoL. Conclusion: The factors significantly affecting the caregivers' HRQoL were burden, the age of the caregiver and ADL. The effective social support system should be considered in respective nursing interventions to decrease the level of burden and to increase HRQoL in demented elders' caregivers. Further studies and efforts will be needed to investigate preceding factors of burden and HRQoL.

• Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing
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• v.42 no.5
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• pp.680-688
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• 2012

Purpose: The purposes of this study were to explore the effects of family cohesion and subjective happiness on death anxiety of Korean elders and to identify other factors contributing to death anxiety. Methods: The participants were 280 elders who lived in P metropolitan city. Data were collected between November 5, 2011 and January 12, 2012 using the Short Portable Mental Status Questionnaire (SPMSQ), Family Cohesion Evaluation Scale, Subjective Happiness Scale, and Fear of Death Scale (FODS). Data were analyzed using the SPSS/WIN 19.0 program. Results: Family cohesion, marital status, religious activity, perceived health status, and subjective happiness were included in the factors affecting death anxiety of Korean elders. These variables explained 50.1% of death anxiety. Conclusion: The results of the study indicate that these variables should be considered in developing nursing intervention programs to decrease death anxiety and increase family cohesion and subjective happiness for life integration in Korean elders.

• Journal of Korean Academy of Fundamentals of Nursing
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• v.19 no.4
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• pp.416-424
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• 2012

Purpose: This study was done to identify the effects of the BeHaS exercise program consisting of exercise, education, and cognitive supports on the hand strength, depression and life satisfaction in institutionalized elderly people with CVA. Method: A quasi-experimental design with an experimental group (n=18) and a control group (n=18) was used. The elders in the experimental group participated in the program once a week for eight weeks. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, Chi-square and t-test with SPSS/Win 18.0. Results: Hypothesis 1 was supported as the hand strength of the elders in experimental group significantly increased compared to those in the control group. Hypothesis 2 was also supported as depression scores for elders in the experimental group significantly decreased compared to those in the control group. Hypothesis 3 was supported as life satisfaction scores for elders in the experimental group significantly increased compared to those in the control group. Conclusion: The results of this study indicate that the BeHaS exercise program can play a useful role in improving depression and life satisfaction in institutionalized elderly people with CVA.