• 제어로봇시스템학회:학술대회논문집
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• 1998.10a
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• pp.117-122
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• 1998

The recent developments and studies in the framework of output tracking control in the field of robotics that has been studied in the Control Laboratory, are presented. An output controller based on“Hardware-ln-the-Loop Simulation”(HILS) and“Rapid Control Prototyping”(RCP) concepts is developed using dSPACE. These new concepts are shown to be particularly beneficial for manipulator control tasks. In the Elbow manipulator design, there are two kinds of manipulators, namely the serial-drive type and the parallelogram-drive manipulator, The objective of this research is to model the two Elbow manipulators and to implement the proposed controller for manipulator applications. The control goal is to force the manipulator to follow a given trajectory in the given work space. Output controllers of the two elbow manipulators that are based on the model matching control approach have been implemented in two models that represent the robot equations of motion. To reduce the efforts in evaluating the proposed algorithm, a new system configuration method, based on HILS and RCP tools, was suggested to determine the parameters of the integrated dynamic system.

• Journal of the Korean Society for Precision Engineering
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• v.29 no.2
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• pp.229-238
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• 2012

This study is to compare muscle strength between isotonic exercise and isotonic & isokinetic exercise. Participants are 12-man and 10-woman whom they are healthy without medical history in shoulder, elbow and lumbar joint. We performed experiment total 4-weeks that exercise 3-days a week each exercise pattern. We measured shoulder, elbow and lumbar joint torque with BIODEX and circumference of muscle in upper arms once a week. The result showed that isotonic & isokinetic exercise pattern significantly more improved joint torque in shoulder, elbow, lumbar than isotonic exercise pattern. Because that isotonic & isokinetic exercise pattern supplied muscle strengthen and caused muscle contraction. This exercise pattern can be used new exercise training method for major athlete and normal people. Also this pattern can be used rehabilitation treatment.

• Nuclear Engineering and Technology
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• v.56 no.4
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• pp.1244-1249
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• 2024

A combination of flow-accelerated corrosion (FAC) tests and corresponding computational fluid dynamics (CFD) tests were performed to determine the hydrodynamic parameters that could help predict the highly susceptible location to FAC in the elbow section. The accelerated FAC tests were performed on a specimen containing elbow sections fabricated using commercial 2-inch carbon steel pipe. The tests were conducted at flow rates of 9 m/s under the following conditions: water temperature of 150 ℃, dissolved oxygen <5 ppb, and pH 7. Thickness reduction of the specimen pipe due to FAC was measured using ultrasonic testing. CFD was conducted on the FAC test specimen, and the turbulence intensity, and shear stress were analyzed. Notably, the location of the maximum hydrodynamic parameters, that is, the wall shear stress and turbulent intensity, is also the same location with maximum FAC rate. Therefore, the shear stress and turbulence intensity can be used as hydrodynamic parameters that help predict the FAC-induced wall-thinning rate. The results provide a method to identify locations susceptible to FAC and can be useful for determining inspection priority in piping systems.

• Clinics in Shoulder and Elbow
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• v.26 no.3
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• pp.312-322
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• 2023

Background: Silicone radial head prostheses (SRHP) are considered obsolete due to reports of frequent failure and destructive silicone-induced synovitis. Considering the good outcomes of modern non-radial silicone joint implants, the extent of scientific evidence for this negative view is unclear. The aim of this research was to systematically analyze the clinical evidence on complications and outcomes of SRHP and how SRHP compare to both non-SRHP and silicone prostheses of other joints. Methods: A systematic literature review was conducted through the Cochrane, PubMed, and Embase databases. Results: Eight cohort studies were included, consisting of 142 patients and follow-up periods ranging from 23 months to 8 years. Average patient satisfaction was 86%, range of 71%-100%, and 58 complications were seen, but no cases of synovitis. These outcomes were in line with non-SRHP. Four case series with 11 cases of synovitis were found, all due to implant fractures years to decades after implantation. Six systematic reviews of currently used non-radial silicone joint implants showed excellent outcomes with low complication rates. Conclusions: Since SRHP have satisfactory clinical results and an acceptable complication rate when selecting a patient group in suitable condition for surgical indications, it is considered that SRHP can still be chosen as a potential surgical treatment method in current clinical practice.

• Journal of the Ergonomics Society of Korea
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• v.24 no.2
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• pp.65-70
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• 2005

Evaluation of repetitiveness for upper extremity intensive tasks is essential to determine the level of risk for upper extremity musculoskeletal disorders at the workplace. However, experimental data available to establish the acceptable levels of repetitiveness for various postures and forces is lacking. The present study examined the maximum acceptable frequencies(MAFs; motions/min.) of shoulder, elbow, wrist, and index finger motions at different forces(1kgf and 4kgf for shoulder, elbow, and wrist; 0.25kgf and 1 kgf for index finger) in sitting. Seventeen right-handed males in 20s without having any history musculoskeletal disorders participated in the MAF experiment. The participants determined their MAFs for the upper extremity motions by using the self-adjustment method and their work pulse(increase in heart rate; beats/min.) and rating of perceived exertion(RPE) were measured when working at MAF. The MAFs of elbow, wrist, and index finger motions for each force level were about 2, 3, and 6 times the corresponding MAF(9 at the high force and 24 at the low force) of shoulder motion and the MAFs at the low force increased about 2 times those at the high force. The work pulses of elbow, wrist, and index finger motions for each force level were 70%, 50%, and 30% of the corresponding work pulse(17 at the high force and 12 at the low force) of shoulder motion and the work pulses at the low force were about 70 % of those at the high force. Lastly, the RPEs of the upper extremity regions were about level 3(moderate) or below.

• Journal of Pharmacopuncture
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• v.17 no.4
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• pp.22-26
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• 2014

Objectives: This study was performed to estimate the effectiveness of burning acupuncture therapy (Hwachim) and sweet bee venom pharmacopuncture (S-BV pharmacopuncture) in treating lateral epicondylitis of elbow. Methods: We selected 33 patients at first, but 13 patients were excluded due to unclear medical records. Finally, a total of 20 patients who had received treatment from January 2012 to December 2013 were included in this study; all 20 patients had undergone Hwachim for the treatment of lateral epicondylitis of elbow, and 19 of the 20 had been treated with S-BV pharmacopuncture (Korea Pharmacopuncture Institute, KPI) and transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation (TENS) as an ancillary treatment method. The degrees of pain of the 20 patients were evaluated by using the visual analogue scale (VAS) score at their first and final visits. The Wilcoxon signed rank test and the Kruskal-Wallis test were used to compare the VAS scores statistically. Results: The VAS score had decreased significantly from $10.00{\pm}0.00$ to $4.00{\pm}2.47$ (P = 0.000) by the end of the treatment. No significant changes were observed based on the number of treatments (P = 0.246), the age of the patients (P = 0.810), the duration of the illness (P = 0.705), and the location of the lesion (P = 0.076). Conclusion: This study suggests Hwachim and S-BV pharmacopuncture are very effective for treating lateral epicondylitis of the elbow.

• Clinics in Shoulder and Elbow
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• v.1 no.1
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• pp.78-82
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• 1998

The following will describe a method of evaluating the SLAP lesion in the recurrent anterior dislocation of the shoulder. We have named it the biceps load test. The biceps load test is performed with the patient in the supine position and the arm to be examined is abducted 90/sup°/, and the forearm is in the supinated position. First, the anterior apprehension test is performed. When the patient become apprehensive, the patient is allowed active flexion of the elbow, while the examiner resists elbow flexion. If the apprehension is relieved or diminished, the test is negative. If aggravated or unchanged, the test is positive. A prospective study was performed, in which 75 patients who were diagnosed as having recurrent unilateral anterior instability of the shoulder underwent the biceps load test and arthroscopic examination. The biceps load test showed negative results in 64 of these patients, of which the superior labral-biceps complex was intact'in 63 cases and only I shoulder revealed a type n SLAP lesion. E]even patients with a positive test were confirmed to have type n SLAP lesions. A positive biceps load test represents an unstable SLAP lesion in a patient with recurrent anterior dislocation of the shoulder. The biceps load test is a reliable test for evaluating the SLAP lesion in the recurrent anterior dislocation of the shoulder(sensitivity: ,9] .7%, specificity: 100%, positive predictive value: 1.00 and negative predictive value: 0.98). Biceps contraction increases the torsional rigidity ?of the glenohumeral joint and long head of biceps tendan act as internal rotator of the shoulder in the abducted and externally rotated position. These stabilize the shoulder in abduction and external rotation position in the biceps load test.

• Korean Journal of Applied Biomechanics
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• v.21 no.3
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• pp.317-325
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• 2011

The purpose of this study was to investigate the contributions of body joints to the kinetic energy of the clubhead in the golf swing. Three dimensional swing analysis was conducted on the seven KPGA golfers. The subjects were asked to swing with 45 inches of driver. The work done by body joints were computed by utilizing the inverse dynamics method. The order of work done by the body joints was lumbar > left hip > right shoulder > left wrist > right wrist > right hip at the first phase. At the second phase, the order of work done by the body joints was trunk > left elbow > right wrist > right shoulder > left wrist > right wrist. At the third phase, the order of work done by body joints was lumbar > right shoulder > left shoulder > left elbow > right wrist > right elbow. The sum of the work done by the body joints was lumbar > shoulder > wrist on the average. The kinetic energy of the club head was 430.11${\pm}$24.35 J and the subject's swing efficiency was shown as 31.82${\pm}$4.86% on the average. The contributions of body joints to the kinetic energy of the clubhead was the order of lumbar > upper right shoulder > left elbow > right wrist during the down swing.

• Journal of the Korean Society for Nondestructive Testing
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• v.26 no.5
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• pp.321-328
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• 2006

In this study, the deformation oi wall thinning elbow is measured and the position of the internal thinning defect is found out by shearography. Shearography is an optical method which has applied to nondestructive testing (NDT) and the strain/stress and deformation analysis. This technique has the merit of the directly measuring the first derivative of displacement with sensitivity which can be adjusted by handling the tilt mirror in the interferometer. In this paper, we tested carbon steel pipe locally wall thinned and loaded internal pressure and the shearography was applied to measure the out-of-plane deformation of wall thinning elbow and to investigate the internal thinning defect of it. From the results, it was confirmed that this technique is proper to the practical application on the pipe line system with internal defect.

• Journal of Haehwa Medicine
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• v.25 no.1
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• pp.1-13
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• 2016

Objectives : Lateral epicondylitis on elbow is one of the most common causes of elbow pain. Lateral epicondylitis can be managed with acupuncture, but the evidence for its effectiveness is uncertain. The purpose of this review is to investigate the trends of acupuncture treatments on lateral epicondylitis. Methods : We investigated the studies about acupuncture treatments for lateral epicondylitis via searching 5 Korean web databases(KTKP, RISS, OASIS, KCI, Kisti) The key search terms were 'Lateral epicondylitis', 'Tennis elbow', 'External epicondylitis'. 12 research papers(10 case reports, 1 RCT, 1NRCT) were found to be analyzed according to their published year, the titles of journals, published institution, the types of study, the number of cases, the types of treatments, the instruments for assessment and ethical approvals. The effectiveness of acupuncture treatment was classified. Results : 12 papers were published since 2003. The studies on acupuncture treatments about lateral epicondylitis were mainly published in The journal of pharmacopuncture. 10 case reports, 1 non-randomized controlled trials, 1 randomized controlled trials had been under research. In most of the research, the number of the cases were not enough. In 9 cases of the studies, various korean medicine treatments including acupuncture were used to treat the symptoms. In 3 cases of the studies single method was used to treat the symptoms. Visual analogue scale(VAS) and range of motion(ROM), grip strength were used as primary assessments. Among 12 clinical studies, 1 of them were accepted by institutional review board(IRB). Conclusions : In this study, we analyzed the trends of acupuncture treatments on lateral epicondylitis. Reviewing the domestic trends of studies on acupuncture treatments for lateral epicondylitis and examining the strong and weak points of those treatments are essential for the future studies.