• 한국해양공학회지
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• 제2권2호
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• pp.61-70
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• 1988

In order to consider the concept of the fitness for purpose'in fatigue design of offshore structure, fracture mechanics is applied to evaluate initial or weld defects. Generally, linear elastic fracture mechanics has been applied to tstimate initial fatigue crack propagation rate as well as long fatigue crack propagation rate. But, initial fatigue crack propagation rate in elasto-plastic notch field may not be characterized by application of stress intensity factor range .DELTA. K, because plastic effect due to stress concentration of notch may contribute to initial crack propagation. Therefore, to introduce the plastic effect into fatigue crack driving force, in this studty, the evaluating method of J-integral range .DELTA. J, was developed by willson was modified for application to notch field. In calculation of .DELTA. J obtained from the modified J-integral, stress gradient and crack closure behavior in the notch field were considered. The initial crack propagation rates in the notch fields of mild steels and high tensile strength steels were correlated to .DELTA. J. As the result, it was cleared that the present .DELTA. J is applicable to charachterize the fatigue crack propagation rates in both the elastic and elasto-plastic notch fields.

• 한국공간구조학회논문집
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• 제6권4호
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• pp.63-72
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• 2006

본 논문은 처짐각법을 사용하여 탄소성 좌굴 기본긱을 유도하고 이를 타당성을 검증하고 있다. 이와 함께 이 개념을 사용하여 구조해석 할 수 있는 탄소성좌굴해석 요소를 정식화하는 방법도 함께 설명하고 있다. 이 요소는 요소 양단에 탄소성 거동을 표현하는 스프링을, 요소 중앙부는 선형좌굴을 표현하는 스프링을 각각 설정하여 실제 부재의 탄소성 좌굴거동을 표현하도록 설계되어 있다. 또한 이 방법이 통상의 기하강성 매트릭스를 사용한 방법과 비교하여 어떠한 장점이 있는지를 분석하고 있다.

• 대한조선학회논문집
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• 제39권1호
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• pp.49-60
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• 2002

용접법은 선박 생산 공정에 있어서 금속 접합을 위해 가장 많이 사용되고 있다. 용접은 금속 접합을 위해 유용한 방법이지만 국부적 가열, 용융, 냉각으로 이어지는 열하중에 의하여 잔류응력과 잔류변형을 발생시킨다. 잔류응력은 구조물의 강도에 부정적인 영향을 끼치고, 잔류변형은 조립 작업에 부정적인 영향을 끼치게 된다. 그러므로 역학적 방법에 의한 잔류응력과 잔류변형의 예측은 이들을 제어할 수 있는 방법을 작업 전에 제시할 수 있도록 하므로, 선체 강도 확보와 선박 생산성 향상을 위하여 매우 중요한 문제라고 볼 수 있다. 본 논문에서는 이러한 배경에서 용접 현상을 가장 잘 시뮬레이션할 수 있는 방법인 유한요소법을 이용한 3차원 열탄소성 해석을 이용하였다. 열탄소성 해석을 위하여 온도분포를 계산한 후 계산된 온도분포를 이용하여 용접변형 및 응력을 순차적으로 계산하였다. 온도분포 계산을 위하여 용융과정을 엔탈피 방법을 이용하여 구현하였으며, 용접비드의 용입은 요소생성법을 이용하여 구현하였다. 본 연구에서 제안된 해석과정은 기존 연구에서 제시한 실험결과와 정성적으로 일치하는 결과를 주는 것을 확인하였다.

• 대한기계학회논문집A
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• 제32권2호
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• pp.105-118
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• 2008

The newly developed analysis method for nanoindentation load-displacement curves are focused on not only obtaining elastic modulus and hardness values but also other mechanical properties, such as yield strength and strain hardening properties. Dao et al. developed a forward and reverse algorithm to extract the elasto-plastic properties of materials from the load-displacement curves obtained in nanoindentation test. These algorithms were only applicable for engineering metals (Poisson#s ratio 0.3) using the equivalent conical indenter of the Berkovich. However, the applicable metals are substantially limited because range of used in the finite element analysis is narrow. This study is designed to expand range of the applicable metals in the reverse algorithms established by Dao et al. and to improve the accuracy of that for extracting the elasto-plastic properties of materials. In this study, a representative strain was assumed to vary according to specific range of $E^*/{\sigma}_r$ and was defined as function of $E^*/{\sigma}_r$. Also, an initial unloading slope in reverse algorithms improved in this study was not considered as independent parameters of the load-displacement curves. The mechanical properties of materials for finite element analysis were modeled with the elastic modulus, E, the yield strength, ${\sigma}_y$, and the strain hardening exponents, n. We showed that the representative strain (0.033) suggested by Dao et al. was no longer applicable above the $E^*/{\sigma}_r$ of 400 and depended on values of $E^*/{\sigma}_r$. From these results, we constructed the dimensionless functions, in where the initial unloading slope was not included, for engineering metals up to $E^*/{\sigma}_r$ of 1500. These functions allow us to determine the mechanical properties with greater accuracy than Dao#s study.

• 대한기계학회논문집A
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• 제32권6호
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• pp.488-495
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• 2008

In order to achieve long fatigue lifetimes for cyclically pressurized thick cylinders, multi-layered compound cylinder has been proposed. Such compound cylinder involves a shrink-fit procedure incorporating a monobloc tube which has previously undergone autofrettage. The basic autofrettage theory assumes elastic-perfectly plastic behaviour. Because of the Bauschinger effect and strain-hardening, most materials do not display elastic-perfectly plastic properties and consequently various autofrettage mo dels are based on different simplified material strain-hardening models, which is assumed that combination of linear strain-hardenig and power strain-hardening model. This approach gives a more accurate prediction than the elastic-perfectly plastic model and is suitable for different strain-hardening materials. In this paper, a general autofrettage model that incorporates the material strain-hardening relationship and the Bauschinger effect, based upon the actual tensile-compressive stress-strain curve of a material was proposed. The model was obtained using the von Mises yield criterion and plane strain condition. The tensile-compressive stress-strain curve was obtained by experiment. The parameters needed in the model were determined by fitting the actual tensile-compressive curve of the material. Finally, strain- hardening model was compared with elastic-perfectly plastic model.

• 대한기계학회논문집A
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• 제34권9호
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• pp.1293-1298
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• 2010

본 연구에서는 인공감육엘보에 대해 내압 및 굽힘의 복합하중을 작용시킨 실 배관 실증실험으로부터 생성한 회전각 대비 모멘트 곡선으로부터 감육결함 엘보에서 소성변형이 시작되는 1 배탄성구배법에 기초한 OES 탄성하중과 2 배탄성구배법에 기초한 TES 소성하중의 거동 및 상관관계를 살펴보았다. ASME 에서도 제시하고 있는 TES 소성하중은 균열손상에 따른 배관계통 구조 건전성 상실을 배제하면서도 지속사용을 허용할 수 있는 대체 관리 기준으로서 적합한 것으로 판단된다.

• 대한조선학회논문집
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• 제48권1호
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• pp.42-48
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• 2011

To define ice as a solid material, mathematical and physical characteristics and their application examples are investigated for several materials' yield functions which include isotropic elastic, isotropic elastic-plastic, classical Drucker-Prager, Drucker-Prager Cap, Heinonen's elliptic, Derradji-Aouat's elliptic, and crushable foam models. Taking into account brittle failure mode of ice subject to high loading rate or extremely low temperature, isotropic elastic model can be better practicable than isotropic elastic-plastic model. If a failure criterion can be properly determined, the elastic model will provide relatively practicable impact force history from ice-hull interactions. On the other hand, it is thought that the soil models can better predict the ice spalling mechanism, since they contain both terms of shear stress-induced and hydrostatic stress-induced failures in the yield function.

• Geomechanics and Engineering
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• 제8권4호
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• pp.559-594
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• 2015

A nonlinear creep function incorporated into the elastic visco-plastic model may describe the long-term soil deformation more accurately. However, by applying the conventional procedure, there are challenges to determine the model parameters due to limitation of suitable data points. This paper presents a numerical solution to obtain several parameters simultaneously for a nonlinear elastic visco-plastic (EVP) model using the available consolidation data. The finite difference scheme using the Crank-Nicolson procedure is applied to solve a set of coupled partial differential equations of the time dependent strain and pore water pressure dissipation. The model parameters are determined by applying the algorithm of trust-region reflective optimisation in conjunction with the finite difference solution. The proposed method utilises all available consolidation data during dissipation of the excess pore water pressure to determine the required model parameters. Moreover, the reference time in the elastic visco-plastic model can readily be adopted as a unit of time; denoting creep is included in the numerical predictions explicitly from the very first time steps. In this paper, the settlement predictions of thick soft clay layers are presented and discussed to evaluate and compare the accuracy and reliability of the proposed method against the graphical procedure to obtain the model parameters. In addition, comparison of the available experimental results to the numerical predictions confirms the accuracy of the numerical procedure.

• 한국산학기술학회논문지
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• 제16권9호
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• pp.6391-6396
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• 2015

2차원 응력조건에 대한 von Mises 항복기준의 특징을 살펴보기 위해 탄성변형률이 0이 되는 평면변형률 조건과 소성변형률증분이 0이 되는 평면변형률 조건을 고려해 보았다. 탄성변형률이 0인 평면변형률조건을 통해 얻은 항복함수와 평면응력조건에서의 항복함수는 기하학적으로 타원을 나타내는데 두 경우에 대한 기하하적 비교를 타원의 장, 단축의 길이비와 이심률의 비로 나타낼 때 단축비는 같았으나 장축비 및 이심률의 비는 포아송비의 함수로 표현되었다. 탄성변형률이 0인 평면변형률조건을 통해 얻은 von Mises 항복기준에 대하여 탄성거동을 보이는 영역은 포아송비가 커짐에 따라 넓어짐을 알 수 있었다. 소성변형률증분이 0인 평면변형률조건을 통해 관련유동법칙을 써서 항복함수를 구하였는데 기하하적으로 볼 때 평면응력조건에서의 항복함수가 타원임과는 달리 직선을 나타내었으며 평면응력조건일 때보다 탄성거동영역이 컸다.

• Journal of Mechanical Science and Technology
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• 제18권1호
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• pp.55-64
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• 2004

Many researchers have made a lot of progress in studying the evaluation of fracture probability of brittle materials. However, studies of fracture probability for elastic-plasticity have not been made yet. An evaluation method for fracture probability which is grafted onto a 2-parameter criterion and statistical probability analysis is not only introduced in this study, but also applied to the simple 2-dimensional model and carbon steel piping to vealuate the effect of statistical variables.