• 대한물리의학회지
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• 제12권1호
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• pp.61-66
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• 2017

PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of isometric upper limb contraction on the trunk and lower extremity muscles during the sit-to-stand activity in elderly females. METHODS: Eighteen healthy elderly females performed three directional isometric upper extremity contractions (flexion, extension, and horizontal abduction movements) using an elastic band during sit-to-stand activity. Electromyography signals were collected from the internal oblique, erector spinae, rectus femoris, and biceps femoris muscles. RESULTS: Internal oblique activity was greater in bilateral shoulder flexion and bilateral shoulder horizontal abduction than in neutral position (p<.05). Erector spinae and rectus femoris muscle activities in bilateral shoulder flexion was greater than in neutral position and bilateral shoulder extension (p<.05). Biceps femoris activity was significantly greater in bilateral shoulder flexion than in bilateral shoulder extension and horizontal abduction, and in neutral position compared to bilateral shoulder extension (p<.05). CONCLUSION: These results suggest that incorporating isometric upper limb contraction may be beneficial for enhancing the contribution of trunk and lower extremity muscle activities to trunk stabilization during sit-to-stand activity. Therefore, isometric upper limb contraction during sit-to-stand tasks, especially in flexion, may be used to elicit contraction of the lumbopelvic region muscles within a tolerable range, for developing endurance and strength in the elderly.

• Computers and Concrete
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• 제4권3호
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• pp.221-241
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• 2007

Based on the experiment results, the damage and fracture behavior of concrete at the ages of 1d, 2d, 7d and 28d, in three-point bending and uniaxial tensile tests, were simulated with a finite element program, ABAQUS. The critical stress intensity factor $K_{IC}^s$ and the critical crack tip opening displacement ($CTOD_C$) of concrete were calculated with effective-elastic crack approach for the three-point bending test of grade C30 concrete. Based on the crack band model, a bilinear strain-softening curve was derived to simulate the LOAD-CMOD curves and LOAD-Displacement curves. In numerical analysis of the uniaxial tension test of concrete of grade C40, the damage and fracture mechanics were combined. The smeared cracking model coupling with damaged variable was adopted to evaluate the onset and development of microcracking of uniaxial tensile specimen. The uniaxial tension test was simulated by invoking the damage plastic model which took both damage and plasticity as inner variables with user subroutines. All the numerical simulated results show good agreement with the experimental results.

• 한국전기전자재료학회논문지
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• 제18권3호
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• pp.276-283
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• 2005

Magnetic tunneling transistor (MTT) device using the amorphous n-type Si semiconductor film for base and collector consisting of the [CoFe/NiFe](free layer) and Si(top layer) multilayers was used to study the spin-dependent hot electron magnetocurrent (MC) and tunneling magnetoresistance (TMR) at room temperature. A large MC of 40.2 % was observed at the emitter-base bias voltage ( $V_{EB}$ ) of 0.62 V. The increasing emitter hot current and transfer ratio ( $I_{C}$/ $I_{E}$) as $V_{EB}$ are mainly due to a rapid increase of the number of conduction band states in the Si collector. However, above the $V_{EB}$ of 0.62 V, the rapid decrease of MC was observed in amorphous Si-based MTT because of hot electron spin-dependent elastic scattering across CoFe/Si interfaces.

• 대한정형도수물리치료학회지
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• 제19권2호
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• pp.11-18
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• 2013

Background: The objective of this study was to compare the efficacies of thoracic self-mobilization and strengthening exercise in young adults with thoracic hyperkyphosis. Methods: The subjects were 30 young adults (11 males, 19 females) with thoracic hyperkyphosis. They were randomly assigned to one of three groups: thoracic self-mobilization, thoracic strengthening exercise, and control group. The thoracic self-mobilization group performed active dynamic exercises, which included thoracic extension and rotation in supine and standing positions. The strengthening exercise group performed resistance exercises involving the back extensor muscle, with an elastic band and dumbbells. The outcome measures were the thoracic kyphosis angle and forward head posture (craniovertebral angle [CVA] and cranial rotation angle [CRA]). Results: Compared with the baseline values, the thoracic kyphosis angle had decreased while the CVA had increased in both training groups (p<.05), but the CRA was significantly decreased in only the strengthening exercise group. Thoracic self mobilization reduced kyphosis and improved CVA, while thoracic strengthening exercise reduced kyphosis and improved CVA and CRA. Conclusion: This study suggests a promising exercise intervention that can improve posture in young adults with thoracic hyperkyphosis.

• 대한가정학회지
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• 제44권4호
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• pp.123-131
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• 2006

The goal of this research was to investigate the actual wearing conditions of dementia inpatients in order to improve their clothes. The development of comfortable, functional and well-designed clothing for dementia inpatients can improve their clinical care environment and also provide dementia inpatients and their caregivers with a promoted quality of life. The data were collected through field research and interview survey on the inpatient's clothing being used at 10 dementia hospitals and 11 dementia nursing care facilities. The results were as follows, First, the uniforms of light dementia inpatients were the pajamas styles those of the general inpatient's uniforms. The uniforms of severe dementia inpatients were jump suits or pajamas styles. Second, the top styles of pajamas were shirts of front opening style with buttons, round neckline, full length sleeves and over armholes. Their bottoms were the pants of no opening style with elastic band and full length. The design of the jump suits had back and under opening styles with zippers. Third, dementia inpatient clothes have to be improved in the areas of sizing systems, structure for putting on and taking off, fasteners and open styles and clothing material, as well as the aesthetic approach.

• 한국소음진동공학회논문집
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• 제14권11호
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• pp.1153-1160
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• 2004

In contemporary society, vibration and noise in the road nearby buildings have become social problems as vehicles operation has increased. Especially. in the case of the building used to art performance, available suitability of the building is tested by the indoor noise class. Therefore, the Purpose of this paper is the measurement of the structure-borne noise of Seoul Art Center nearby Umyeonsan tunnel and analyzing the effects of countermeasure to it. To measure the effects of countermeasure, not only structure-borne noise is measured, but also the vibration is measured, before and after the construction of Pavement using pad and porous asphalt. Consequently, the sound pressure level in art center 1st floor is reduced after mat pavement method, structure-borne noise that was high In 25Hz wide-band before pavement decreased regardless of experimental vehicle's velocity Using porous asphalt pavement the noise was reduced about 3 dB(A).

• 한국정밀공학회지
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• 제12권2호
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• pp.14-22
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• 1995

We treat the vibrations of circular beam and make use of the method employed by J.T.Tielking, which is based on the principle of Hamilton. The Hamilton's principle requires the determinations of the potential and the kinetic energy of the model as well as done by internal pressure forces. Thje potential energy is composed of a part due to elastic deformations of the beam and a part due to radial and tangential displacements of the tread band with respect to the wheel rim. The equations of motion for such a model are derived by reference to conventional energy method. The accuracy of the expressions is demonstrated by comparison of calculated and experimental natural frequencies for circular beam. The circular beam experiences a harmonic, radial excitat- ion acting at a fixed point on the beam. Modal parameters varying the inflation pressure and load are determined experimentally by using the transfer function method.

• 한국건축시공학회지
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• 제2권1호
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• pp.139-146
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• 2002

This study deals with the characterizing and the application like as insulation materials in the joint part in concrete surface layer and waterproofing sheet especially for roof slabs. Using steel materials and butil-rubber tape to band waterproofing sheet and concrete surface together before this waterproofing system will be applied. It can be expected to both the curability and the watertightness by coating poly-urethane 2 or 3 times with sheet surface. Therefore this waterproofing system can be possible to protect water without the damage when vapor is going out from concrete and without air pockets because of the difference temperature inside and out. This system particularly consists of air bents and elastic waterproofing sheet considering the physical damage while water can cause purely physical damage. This system is one of the most efficient ways of waterproofing system without air pocket.

• 한국전산구조공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국전산구조공학회 1999년도 가을 학술발표회 논문집
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• pp.291-300
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• 1999

An idealized analytical model is proposed to estimate the effects of restrainer upon global response behaviors of a bridge system under seismic excitations. Pounding actions between adjacent vibration units and friction at movable supports are introduced in addition to other phenomena such as nonlinear behaviors of pier, motions of the foundation and abutment to achieve the better prediction of the bridge motion. The applied restrainer is assumed to be a dead-band system, which has the force clearance and the linear-elastic force. Using the proposed model, the dynamic characteristics of a bridge system retrofitted by restrainers is examined, and the effects of stiffness and clearance length of restrainer is also investigated. The main effect of the application of restrainers is found to reduce the relative displacements and the trend becomes greater with the shorter clearance length except between pier units. It is found that the relative displacements between abutment and adjacent pier units are decreased as the stiffness of restrainer increases, but almost independent upon the stiffness increments of restrainer. However, the relative displacements between pier units tend to be increased due to the applications of the restrainers.

• 대한가정학회지
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• 제41권6호
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• pp.157-166
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• 2003

The purpose of this study was to provide information on how to improve the current design of infant coveralls through analysis of the design preferences of Korean consumer. In order to compile the information about preferences with the detail design of infant coveralls, a questionnaire was administered to mothers of 241 infants (aged under 36 months) living in Seoul, and analyzed using the SPSS WIN.10.0 program. The results of this study were as follows : 1) Results of buying conditions and design preference of infant coverall : To the question asking what kind of materials they preferred according to the season as material for infant coverall, the respondents preferred cotton hit as the materials for summer, but padding material for winter. The most favored design type were a flat collar, regular bodice type without cutting line, a raglan sleeves, snap front fastener, elastic band cuffs. 2) There is significant difference in preferred material and design among the month of age groups. 3) Analysis of the differences in preferred material and detail design according to gender In preferred material, it seemed as if girl baby group prefer cotton knit material, while boy baby group prefer padding material. There is definite difference in preferred neckline type, girl baby group prefer flat collar, while boy baby group prefer stand collar.