• International Journal of Advanced Culture Technology
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• v.7 no.3
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• pp.10-24
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• 2019

This study aimed to investigate the effects and epidermis penetration system with polymer micelle of Red Pinus densiflora extract. In the antioxidant test, the total concentration of polyphenol compounds was determined to be $137.5163{\pm}7.70mg/g$ in ethanol extract, $133.956{\pm}1.57mg/g$ in hydrothermal extract. The DPPH radical scavenging effects were $95.29{\pm}0.15%$ in ethanol extract at 1,000 mg/L. Elastase inhibition rates were $100.00{\pm}2.85%$ in ethanol extract at 2,000 mg/L. The antimicrobial effect of the ethanol extraction was higher than that of hydrothermal extractions. In the epidermal permeability experiment, it was confirmed that the permeation of the polymer micelle containing the Red Pinus densiflora's ethanol extract and cell penetrating peptides was remarkable. Here, we confirmed that ethanol extract of Red Pinus densiflora displayed excellent the effects in antioxidant test and epidermis penetration system with polymer micelle. As a result, Red Pinus densiflora extract has potential to be used as a safe and natural cosmetic material in the future.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Industry Convergence
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• v.26 no.1
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• pp.47-57
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• 2023

In this study, the bioactive activities (antioxidant activity, whitening activity, and anti-wrinkle effect) of dried tapioca-unhulled barley grain residue (TUDDG) obtained after alcohol fermentation, were measured. In the case of DPPH radical scavenging activity, the 50% ethanol extract of TUDDG showed the highest level of about 83% at the concentration of 100 mg/ml, and the ABTS radical scavenging activity was also about 98% of the 50% ethanol extract of TUDDG even at the concentration of 10 mg/mL. In the case of mushroom tyrosinase inhibitory activity, the 50% ethanol extract of TUDDG showed the highest activity at 100 mg/ml concentration of 37%. As a result of collagenage activity inhibition and elastase analysis, the 50% ethanol extract of TUDDG showed high activity with 4.2 mg/mL (IC₅₀) and 26.1 mg/mL (IC₅₀), respectively. Therefore, considering the physiological activity as well as the extraction efficiency of physiologically active substances, the 50% ethanol extract of TUDDG is judged to be highly effective.

• Journal of Applied Biological Chemistry
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• v.66
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• pp.227-235
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• 2023

The current study evaluated the presence and concentration of health-promoting phenolic antioxidants in sorghum seed accessions from seven regions in three different countries (Uzbekistan, Myanmar, and the United States). The free radical scavenging activity using the 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl assay was 13.10±2.37 ㎍/mL in the Uzbekistan sorghum seed extracts, demonstrating the highest antioxidant activity. Additionally, the total phenol content was the highest in the Uzbekistan sorghum seed extracts [157.87±4.04 mg GAE/g (gallic acid equivalents per gram)]. The total flavonoid content was 12.69±0.72 mg QE/g (quercetin equivalents per gram) and represents the highest value in the Myanmar collection. The Uzbekistan collection demonstrated the greatest potential for whitening activity, with the tyrosinase inhibition rate of 79.20±4.15%. The wrinkle improvement function using elastase also showed the highest anti-aging activity of 55.85±4.78% in the same seed extract. The Uzbekistan seed extract had the highest NO production inhibitory activity of 144.35±4.55%. We conclude from these results that the Uzbekistan sorghum seed has excellent antioxidant activity, content of various functional ingredients, and anti-inflammatory activity.

• Journal of the Korean Applied Science and Technology
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• v.40 no.3
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• pp.534-546
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• 2023

In this study, we investigated the antioxidant and anti-winkle activity in human fibroblast cell (CCD-986sk) of Persimmon Leaves (PL) as a cosmetic ingredient. As a result of investigating antioxidant activity through electron-donating ability and ABTS⁺ radical scavenging assay, the PL showed concentration-dependent antioxidant activity similar to ascorbic acid, a control group, at a concentration of 1,000 ㎍/ml. As a result of investigating the anti-wrinkle effect through elastase inhibition and collagenase inhibition assay, the PL showed concentration-dependent antioxidant activity similar to epigallocatechin gallate, a control group, at a concentration of 1,000 ㎍/ml. As a result of measuring the synthesis rate of pro-collagen type I and the inhibition rate of MMP-1 in UVB-induced CCD-986sk cells, the control group EGCG showed a 90.2% pro-collagen synthesis rate at 20 ㎍/ml and PL showed an 88.5% synthesis rate at 30 ㎍/ml. In addition, the inhibition rate of MMP-1 of 33.0% and 40.8% were confirmed in EGCG 20 ㎍/ml and PL 30 ㎍/ml, respectively. As a result of measuring the protein expression of pro-collagen type I and MMP-1 in the PL through western blot, it was confirmed that the protein expression of pro-collagen type I increased, and MMP-1 decreased when the PL was treated together compared to the UVB alone group. According to the above experimental results, it is expected to be used as a natural product material for cosmetics by confirming that the PL prevent photoaging caused by UVB stimulation and have antioxidant and anti-wrinkle effects.

• Journal of Applied Biological Chemistry
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• v.61 no.1
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• pp.51-57
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• 2018

The objective of this study was to identify beauty food activity of Polygala japonica Houtt., which were widely used as a folk medicinal plant to treat inflammatory diseases. Both hot water and 50% ethanol extract of P. japonica Houtt. were evaluated for their anti-oxidant, whitening, anti-wrinkle and anti-inflammatory effect based on their phenolic concentration. To measure anti-oxidant activity, four experiments were carried out. 1,1-diphenyl-3-picrylhydrazyl, 2,2-azinobis (3-ethylbenzothia-zoline-6-sulfonic acid) and thiobarbituric acid reactive substances all showed more than 80% efficacy in both hot water and 50% ethanol extract of P. japonica Houtt. and likewise antioxidant protection factor value more than 2. To investigate the whitening effect of P. japonica Houtt., the inhibition effect of tyrosinase on hot water and 50% ethanol extract was inhibited by 12.46 and 22.10%, respectively. To examine the anti-wrinkle effect, the inhibition effect of elastase and collagenase on hot water and 50% ethanol extract were inhibited by 28.28, 58.36% and 59.73, 78.90% respectively. To investigate the anti-inflammatory effect and moisturizing effect by hyaluronidase inhibitory effect, hot water and 50% ethanol extract were 35.65 and 86.80%, respectively. The result of all the above experiments show values at a concentration of $200{\mu}g/mL$, and based on these experimental results, P. japonica Houtt. can be expected as a functional material in beauty foods.

• Journal of the Society of Cosmetic Scientists of Korea
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• v.44 no.3
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• pp.349-362
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• 2018

An annual plant, Eclipta prostrata (Linn) is a member of the Asteraceae plant family and inhabited in tropical or subtropical regions of the world. Through many previous researches, E. prostrata has been extensively studied for its hepatoprotective effect, antivenom potential against viper venom, antioxidant, hair-growth, wound-healing efficacy and so on. In this study, for better understanding of the potential of E. prostrata as skin protectant, we conducted the experiments evaluating the antioxidant and antiaging efficacy. To this end, 50% ethanolic extract of E. prostrata and its ethyl acetate fraction were prepared and investigated. For the evaluation of antioxidant capacity of the samples, $FSC_{50}$ and $OSC_{50}$ were estimated. As a result, $OSC_{50}$ of ethyl acetate fraction was 2.7 times superior to $OSC_{50}$ of L-ascorbic acid, a well known antioxidant agent. Futhermore E. prostrata showed notable reactive oxygen species (ROS) scavenging effect and protective effect against $H_2O_2$ in the celluar level as well. Especially, in the $^1O_2$ induced hemolysis test, $64{\mu}g/mL$ of ethyl acetate fraction showed greater than 6 times increased retardation effect compare to control which means E. prostrata has remarkable antioxidant capacity. To validate the antiaging effect of the samples, we conducted elastase inhibition assay using elastase solution extracted from human skin fibroblasts, Hs68. As a result, $16{\mu}g/mL$ of each sample showed 6.8% and 14.0% of elastase inhibition respectively. Finally, antimicrobial activity of E. prostrata was assessed to validate the possibility as alternative preservative. From the result, ethyl acetate fraction showed oustanding antimicrobial activity as of methyl paraben, a well known chemical preservative. In conclusion, these results suggest that E. prostrata can be used as natural skin protectant or preservative as natural ingredient in food or cosmetics industry.

• The Journal of the Convergence on Culture Technology
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• v.5 no.3
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• pp.271-282
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• 2019

This study was conducted to evaluate physiological activity of Robinia pseudo-acacia leaf and its skin penetration using polymer micelles and skin penetrating peptide. After extraction with Robinia pseudo-acacia using the ethanol and distilled water, various physiological activities were examined. The total concentration of polyphenol compounds was determined to be 47.42 mg/g (ethanol extract), 56.88 mg/g (hydrothermal extract) and DPPH radical scavenging ability at $1,000{\mu}g/mL$ was 44.24% in ethanol extract and it is higher than value(41.50%) in hydrothermal extract. The elastase inhibitory assay showed concentration dependence and elastase inhibition of Robinia pseudo acacia leaf ethanol extract was 54.09%, which was the highest at $500{\mu}g/mL$. In the SOD-like experiments, the concentration-dependent results were showed and the SOD-like activity of the Robinia pseudo-acacia leaf ethanol extract was higher than that of the Robinia pseudo acacia leaf hydrothermal extract at all concentrations. At a concentration of $500{\mu}g/mL$, Robinia pseudo acacia leaf ethanol extract showed the highest SOD-like activity of 76.41%. The tyrosinase inhibition at $20{\mu}g/mL$ was determined to be 56.47% (ethanol extract), 23.05% (hydrothermal extract). In the antimicrobial experiments, the hydrothermal extract had no effect, but ethanol extract represented maximum clear zone of 11.00 mm in Propionbacterium acnes strain and maximum clear zone of 10.50 mm. in Bacillus subtilis strain. To solve the problem of insolubility and to improve skin penetration, PCL-PEG polymer micelles containing Robinia pseudo-acacia leaf ethanol extracts and 1.0% cell permeable peptide, hexa-D-arginine (R6) were successfully prepared with particle size of 108.23 and 126.47 nm and excellent skin permeation effects could be showed.

• Korean Journal of Food Science and Technology
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• v.52 no.2
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• pp.130-137
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• 2020

The present study was undertaken to compare the effects exerted by different extraction solvents on the extraction of active components, such as polyphenols and flavonoids, from the dried leaves of Artemisia annua L. Different extracts were prepared using a heating mantle. The extraction solvents used were distilled water, and 20, 40, 60, 80, and 99.5% ethanol solution. It was observed that the 40% ethanol solution yielded the most significant results in the extraction of various phytochemicals with phenol concentration of 154.8±0.28 mg of gallic acid equivalent/g and flavonoid content of 25.28±0.01 mg quercetin equivalent/g. However, based on the extraction solvent used, varying trends were observed in the antioxidant, enzyme inhibition, and bacterial inhibition analyses. It was concluded that the extraction solvent should be selected based on the purpose of use of the dried leaves of A. annua L.

• Journal of the Society of Cosmetic Scientists of Korea
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• v.45 no.3
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• pp.265-275
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• 2019

This study was conducted to investigate physiological activity and its skin permeability of Petroselinum crispum extract using polymer micelles and cell penetrating peptide. In the antioxidant test, the total concentrations of polyphenol compounds were determined to be $121.68{\pm}2.49mg/g$ (for ethanol extract and), $72.42{\pm}1.52mg/g$ (for hydrothermal extract.). The DPPH radical scavenging ability was $90.48{\pm}0.46%$ (for ethanol extract) and $83.92{\pm}0.13%$ (for hydrothermal extract) at 2000 mg/L. ABTS radical scavenging ability was $91.08{\pm}0.14%$ for ethanol extract ethanol extract, which is higher than that of hydrothermal extract at 800 mg/L ($69.63{\pm}0.55%$). In the SOD experiments, the P. crispum ethanol extract showed higher SOD activity than that of the P. crispum hydrothermal extract at all concentrations.. At a concentration of 16,000 mg/L, P. crispum ethanol extract showed the highest SOD activity of $128.45{\pm}0.70%$. The elastase inhibitory assay also showed concentration dependence and elastase inhibition of P. crispum ethanol extract was $99.99{\pm}1.54%$, which was the highest at 2,000 mg/L. To solve the problem of insolubility and to improve skin permeability of the extract, PCL-PEG polymer micelle containing P. crispum ethanol extracts and 1% cell permeable peptide, hexa-D-arginine (R6) were successfully prepared with a particle size of 40.10 nm. In the results of 24 hours of skin permeation experiment, total accumulated beta-carotene amounts showed $37.99{\mu}g/cm^2$ in Petroselinum crispum extracts and $68.38{\mu}g/cm^2$ (1.8 times) in P. crispum extract of the particles.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
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• v.45 no.12
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• pp.1740-1746
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• 2016

In this study, we investigated the nutritional and functional constituents as well as quality characteristics and antioxidant activity of Korean cultivated wild ginseng (KG). The chemical compositions and amino acid content of KG were 7.56% water, 73.01% carbohydrates, 12.58% protein, 1.99% lipids, and 5.54% ash as well as 16.17 mg/g of amino acids, respectively. The major ginsenoside and minor ginsenoside contents of KG were 15.94 mg/g and 0.04 mg/g, respectively. The total polyphenol and flavonoid contents of KGE (Korean cultivated wild ginseng with 70% ethanol extract) were 8.93 mg GAE/g and 3.96 mg RHE/g, respectively. KGE also showed higher antioxidant activity than the other extracts (KGW, Korean cultivated wild ginseng with water extract) with regard to DPPH and ABTS radical scavenging activities (57.75% and 70.73%, respectively), nitrite oxide scavenging activity (44.01%), SOD-like activity (78.05%), reducing power activity ($1.08OD_{700nm}$), and ferrous ion-chelating activity (65.33%). Additionally, KGE had higher elastase, collagenase, and tyrosinase inhibition activities than KGW. These results suggest that KGE can be used as a bioactive and functional material in the food industry.