• 한국응용곤충학회지
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• 제58권4호
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• pp.355-362
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• 2019

배추나비고치벌(Cotesia glomerata L.)은 배추흰나비(Artogeia rapae L.)와 배추좀나방(Plutella xylostella L.) 유충을 공격하는 내부기생 천적으로, 여름배추를 주로 생산하는 고랭지 채소밭에서 배추흰나비와 배추좀나방을 동시에 생물적 방제하기 위한 천적자원으로서 활용 가능성이 높다. 배추나비고치벌에 대한 온도별 생육반응과 성비, 먹이에 따른 수명을 실험실내에서 조사한 결과, 배추나비고치벌의 알-유충 기간 및 번데기 기간은 20℃에서 각각 12.1 ± 2.1일, 6.4 ± 1.8일이었으며, 생육온도가 높아질수록 짧아지는 경향을 보였다. 이를 바탕으로 산출한 알-유충 및 번데기 시기의 발육영점온도는 각각 7.7℃, 8.5℃였다. 여러 상이한 온도에서 사육한 배추나비고치벌 우화성충의 암수를 조사한 결과, 15℃에서 61.0 ± 4.5%, 20℃에서 44.2 ± 1.0%, 25℃에서 39.0 ± 2.3%의 성비를 보여 온도가 낮아질수록 암컷의 발생률이 높아지는 경향을 보였다. 배추나비고치벌 성충에 10% 설탕액을 급여한 결과 수명은 20.4 ± 0.2일이었으며, 아무것도 급여하지 않은 경우는 3.6 ± 0.1일이었다. 실내 대량 사육을 통해 확보한 배추나비고치벌 성충을 2007년부터 2018년까지 매년 8월 초에 고랭지 배추밭에 방사하고 노지 기생률을 조사하였다. 그 결과 햇수가 지날수록 노지 기생률이 증가하는 것을 확인하였다(Y=0.2696X+2.8633, R²=0.3994). 가장 높은 기생률을 보인 연도는 2013년의 7.6%이었고, 가장 최근인 2018년에는 6.5%의 기생률을 나타내었다.

• 한국응용곤충학회지
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• 제38권2호
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• pp.93-99
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• 1999

산누에나방의 알에 대하여, 광주기를 각각 달리하였을 때 송충알벌의 산란수, 기생률, 그리고 우화율에 미치는 영향을 조사하였다. 그리고 16L:8D 광주기 조건에서 24시간 동안에 인공기주에서의 산란경향과 우화수를 조사하였다. 송충알벌의 산란수는 서로 다른 기주조건에서 기주를 처음 접한 후 날짜가 지나면서 감소하였다. 서로 다른 광조건(16L, 12L, 18L)에서 자연기주인 산누에나방의 알에 대한 산란수는 첫째날 기주당 산란수가 각각 $161.8\pm$10.7(16:8LD), $145.8\pm$20.5(12:12LD), $128.5\pm$19.6(8:16LD)개이었고, 그 후 급격히 감소하여 일차별로 10일 동안 16:8LD에서 13.7, 64.4, 25.5, 18.5, 14.6, 12.3, 1.3개로 조사되었다. 한편 인공기주에 대한 산란수는 16:8LD 광조건에서 1일재 가장 낮아 42.1%, 그후 2일과 3일째에 63.5%, 80.5%로 일차별로 증가한데 비하여 인공기주에서는 급격히 감소하여 1일쨍에 84.6%, 그후 2일과 3일째는 각각 52.2, 16.8%로 조사되었다. 인공기주에서의 시간대별 우화수 조사는 암조건에서 명조건으로 바뀌는 05:00시에서 06:00시 사이에 평균 61.2개체로 13.9%를 차지하여 비교적 높게 나타났다.

• 대한수의학회지
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• 제22권2호
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• pp.259-263
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• 1982

Observations were made on the infection rate of common internal parasites in dogs in Kwangju area from January to March, 1982. Dog's stools were collected from veterinary hospitals, houses, intensive dog-rearing places and sidewalks. On the basis of egg counting, the following results were obtained; 1. Of 464 fecal samples, 73.5% were appeared as positive. 2. Dogs from veterinary hospitals and intensive dog-rearing places have higher infection rates than others. 3. Of the parasites detected, Toxocara canis was the most commonly encountered (23.7%). 4. Ascarids, flukes and coccidia were more prevalent in pups than in mature dogs, whereas bookworms were detected less often in young dogs than in older ones. 5. There were significant (p<0.01) differences among age categories for all parasites except tapeworms.

• Parasites, Hosts and Diseases
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• 제54권5호
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• pp.555-563
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• 2016

For several years, we have conducted a series of studies on the patterns of ancient parasitism prevailing in the soil of rural and urban areas of past Kingdom of Korea. Actually, during our survey of paleoparasitology in archaeological sites of Korean peninsula, numerous ancient parasite eggs were discovered in the samples from the city districts of Hansung (Joseon) and Buyeo (Baikje), the palace moat at Gyeongju (Silla), shell-midden site at Bonghwang-dong (Silla to Joseon), and the reservoir found in Hwawangsansung fortress (Silla). By the paleoparasitological studies, with respect to parasitism in the high-density populations of ancient towns and cities, we have managed to catch glimpses of the patterns prevalent therein: a serious parasitic contamination of the soil in ancient urban areas, but not in rural areas of the past. Our historical research also proposed the plausible mechanism of parasite infection very serious indeed among urban populations in Korean history. Although city dwelling doubtless has accrued significant benefits for people and populations with agriculture, it can be equally supposed that living in such highly populated areas might have facilitated the spread of parasite infection.

• Ocean and Polar Research
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• 제44권4호
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• pp.319-329
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• 2022

The paramyxean parasite Marteilioides chungmuensis infects the cytoplasm of the eggs of Pacific oysters Crassostrea gigas , resulting in spawning failure of the infected females. Such infected eggs appear as bump-like nodules on the body in late fall when most of the uninfected females complete spawning. In this study, we estimated the quantity of the infected eggs using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), which is destroyed by M. chungmuensis parasitism. In December, the infected oysters collected from Tongyoung on the south coast exhibited numerous yellowish bump-like nodules as signs of infection. In histology, the infected oysters exhibited mature eggs in the follicle, which were heavily infiltrated by hemocytes. ELISA indicated that the infected egg mass accounted for 7.52±5.50 percent of the body weight, suggesting the ovarian parasite causes substantial reproductive loss. Histology also indicated that the infected oysters are in a poor nutritional condition, as the digestive gland atrophy (DGA) level is comparatively higher than the uninfected oyster. The total carbohydrate contents in the infected oysters (108.68±44.41 mg/g dry wt) were significantly lower than in uninfected oysters (269.76±50.97 mg/g dry wt), suggesting that M. chungmuensis parasitism also affected the energy storage capacity of the host during the resting stage.

• 한국응용곤충학회지
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• 제23권3호
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• pp.158-165
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• 1984

본 연구는 1982연과 1983년 끝동매미충의 난기생봉중에 우종인 Gonatocerus sp. y의 생태를 실내와 포장에서 수행하였으며 그 결과는 다음과 같다. 1. Gonatocerus sp. y의 난에서 성충으로 우화되기까지 평균발육기간은 $15^{\circ}C,\;20^{\circ}C,\;25^{\circ}C$ 및 $30^{\circ}C$에서 각각 53일, 25일, 15일 및 12일이였다. 2. 성충의 평균 산란수는 $15^{\circ}C,\;20^{\circ}C,\;25^{\circ}C$및 $30^{\circ}C$에서 각각 28개, 48개, 42개 및 32개였고 산란기간은 대부분 $1\~2$일 이내였으며 최고 산란수는 98개였다. 3. 성충의 우화는 전체의 $76\%$가 아침에 이루어 졌으며 오후에는 거의 우화하지 않았다. 4. 성충의 우화성비는 암수의 비율이 4 : 1인 것이 가장 많았다. 5. 성충의 수명은 물보다 꿀물을 먹이로 주었을 때가 현저히 길어졌으며 수컷보다 암컷이 다소 길어졌다. 그리고 꿀물을 주었을 때 암컷의 평균 수명은 $15^{\circ}C$에서 30일, $20^{\circ}C$에서 15일이였다. 6. 휴한답의 둑새풀에 산란된 끝동매미충 난에 대한 시기별 Gonatocerus sp. y의 기생율은 4월 하순에서 5월 상순에 가장 높았다. 7. 휴한답에 있어서 4월 하순부터 5월 상순 사이에 지역별로 조사한 본 난기생봉의 기생율은 거창, 남지, 진주지방에서 $49.0\~59.5\%$, 남해, 김해지역에서 $23.2\~26.0\% $였다. 8. 본답기에 있어서 끝동매미충의 2세대충(6월 하순경발생)과 3세대충(8월 하순경 발생)에 대한 본 난기생봉의 기생율은 각각 $12.3\%$와 $24.6\%$였다.

• The Plant Pathology Journal
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• 제33권3호
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• pp.329-336
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• 2017

An experiment was conducted to evaluate the tolerance of micropropagated and mycorrhized alpinia plants to the parasite Meloidogyne arenaria. The experimental design was completely randomized with a factorial arrangement of four inoculation treatments with arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) (Gigaspora albida, Claroideoglomus etunicatum, Acaulospora longula, and a non-inoculated control) in the presence or absence of M. arenaria with five replicates. The following characteristics were evaluated after 270 days of mycorrhization and 170 days of M. arenaria inoculation: height, number of leaves and tillers, fresh mass of aerial and subterranean parts, dry mass of aerial parts, foliar area, nutritional content, mycorrhizal colonization, AMF sporulation, and the number of galls, egg masses, and eggs. The results indicated a significant interaction between the treatments for AMF spore density, total mycorrhizal colonization, and nutrient content (Zn, Na, and N), while the remaining parameters were influenced by either AMF or nematodes. Plants inoculated with A. longula or C. etunicatum exhibited greater growth than the control. Lower N content was observed in plants inoculated with AMF, while Zn and Na were found in larger quantities in plants inoculated with C. etunicatum. Fewer galls were observed on mycorrhized plants, and egg mass production and the number of eggs were lower in plants inoculated with G. albida. Plants inoculated with A. longula showed a higher percentage of total mycorrhizal colonization in the presence of the nematode. Therefore, the association of micropropagated alpinia plants and A. longula enhanced tolerance to parasitism by M. arenaria.

• International Journal of Industrial Entomology and Biomaterials
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• 제1권2호
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• pp.143-148
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• 2000

The occurrence of Anagyrus kamali, a solitary endoparasite of the mealybug, Maconellicoccus hirsutus has been reported for the first time from India. The parasitoid was fecund to parasitizing the field population of mealybug to the tune of 10.37 to 42.70% in different months. A comprehensive study on the development of the parasitoid on different stages of mealybug indicated that the parasitoid was able to complete its development in all the stages. Higher parasitism (67.48-78.08%) and more female progeny were observed when 3rd instar nymphs and adult female of the mealybug were exposed to the parasitoid. The biology of A. kamali studied at 25${\pm}1^{\circ}C$ temperature and 60${\pm}$$\pm$1.12 days. The duration of egg, larva (3 instars) and pupa were 2.67${\pm}$${\pm}$${\pm}$${\pm}$

• 한국동물위생학회지
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• 제14권1호
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• pp.7-12
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• 1991

Fecal samples were taken from 402 cows in Posung, Chonnam where was designated as a place for Korean native cattle breeding. Prevalence of intestinal parasitism were determined by the fecal examinations using the floatation and sedimintation procedures. 62.9% of the cows were found as positive cases with excretion of the eggs of Fasciola hepatica in the fecal specimens. Of those infected with F.hepatica 97 cows free of the pathogenic intestinal parasites were chosen for albendazole treatment. Albendazole tablets(10mg / kg) were administered to the cows twice at the interval of 4 weeks. Blood samples were collected via jugular vein prior to the first treatment. four weeks after the first treatment and four weeks after the second treatment respectively. At the same time fecal samples were collected for parasitological examination by sedimintation methods. The mean treatment count was 44 fluke egg per gram of feces, which compared with 27 EPG and 17 EPG four weeks after the first and second treatment, respectively. Most of the hematological values fluctuated within the normal range during the experiment. Eosinophil counts were high initially, decreased after the first treatment and there after remained steady.

• Parasites, Hosts and Diseases
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• 제40권4호
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• pp.181-186
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• 2002

To examine the fate of Strongyloides venezuelensis, Mongolian gerbils (Meriones unguicalatus) were orally infected with 1,000 $L_{3}$ larvae per animal. Altogether, 50 gerbils divided into 5 groups of 10 each were monitored for a period of 570 days to document the kinetics of faecal egg output, adults worm population, morphological development, fecundity, and hematological changes including peripheral blood eosinophilia. This study chronicled a life long parasitism of S. venezuelensis in the gerbil host, and showed that S. venezuelensis infection was quite stable throughout the course of infection and the worms maintained their normal development as evidenced by their body dimension. A progressive loss of body condition of the infected gerbils was observed as the level of infection advanced. However, no detectable pathological changes were observed in the gastrointestinal tract. The present findings indicate that an immunocompetent host, such as the Mongolian gerbil, can serve as a life long carrier model of S. venezuelensis if the worms are not expelled within 570 days after infection.