• 한국가금학회지
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• 제7권2호
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• pp.47-53
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• 1980

본 시험은 메추리의 난각과 난각막의 두께 변화를 구명하기 위해서, 공시난 520개로부터 다음과 같은 결과를 얻었다. 1) 메추리 란의 외모색에 따라 구분한 사종의 난각은 그 색에 따라서 대반점백색난각. 대반점난각, 소반점보라난각, 소반점베이지난각으로 구분되고, 그 평균 란중은 8.993g, 8.866g, 8.403g, 8,109g이었다. 2) 사종 난각의 평균 두께는 대기점백색락각이 0.171mm, 대반점각이 0.169mm. 소반점베이지난각이 0.160mm, 소반점보라난각이 0.156mm였다. 3) 사종의 난각막의 평균 두께는 대반점 난각이 0.0449mm. 대연점백색난각이 0.0431mm, 소반점베이지난각이 0.398mm 소반점보라난각이 0.0397mm였다. 4) 난각과 난각막의 두께간에서 빈의 상관계수가 나타났으나 유의성은 없었다. 5) 일반적으로 난각의 두께가 닭에 비하여 매우 엷었다. 그러나 난각막의 두께는 대동소이했다.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제9권6호
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• pp.723-726
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• 1996

A water loaded pressure device using water as the breaking force was developed to evaluate eggshell strength and compared with a dropping ball techniques. Further, relationships of shell thickness and weight of eggs to shell strength were also studied. Values for both of the shell strength measuring methods showed a highly significant correlation (p < 0.001) with shell thickness. The water loaded pressure method had a much higher simple correlation coefficient for shell thickness (r = + 0.786) than the dropping ball method (r = + 0.577). The shell strength measured by the water loaded pressure method appeared not to be correlated to egg weight. On the other hand, the negative sign of the standard partial regression coefficient and the partial regression coefficient of egg weight in the estimated multiple regression equation implied that for a given shell thickness a larger egg tended to have less shell strength than a smaller egg.

• 한국가금학회지
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• 제25권3호
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• pp.103-111
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• 1998

This study was carried out to estirnate the heritabilities and genetic correlations on egg shape index and internal egg qualities ; shell thickness, alburnin heights and Haugh units for breeding plan and selection in Korean native chicken. Data analyzed were the records of 46,908 eggs from 43() layers from April, 1994 to September, 1995. The egg shape index at the first egg, 300 days and 500 days of ages were 74.771, 74.468 and 73.702; the shell thickness were 0.345, 0.344 and 0. 334mm; the alburnen heights were 6.579, 6.130 and 5.318mm; the Haugh units were 86.859, 81.014 and 73.565 respectively. The heritability estimates of egg shape index and internal egg qualities based on the variance of sire, dam and combined components at 300 days of age were 0.136, 0.954 and 0.545 for egg shape index; 0.201, 0.622 and 0.421 for shell thickness; 0.410, 0.961 and 0.633 for albumen height ; 0.353, 0.962 and': 0.608 for Haugh units. The genetic correlation coefficient between shell thickness and albumen height was -0.044~0.824; 0.016~0.949 between Haugh units and shell thickness 0.313~0.941 between albumen height and Haugh units, respectively.

• 한국가금학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국가금학회 2002년도 가을 학술발표논문집
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• pp.140-142
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• 2002

순수계통으로 유지되는 한국 재래닭 계통간 교배종의 산란형질에 대하여 일반능력과 잡종강세 및 결합능력을 추정한 결과 일반능력은 시산일령, 산란수 및 난중 등 모든 형질에서 순종에 비해 향상을 보였으며, 시산일령, 산란수, 난중 및 난각강도 등에서 접종강세효과가 높았다. 일반결합능력은 시산일령, 산란수, 난형지수 및 난각두께에서, 특수 결합능력은 산란수, 난중 및 난각 두께에서, 상반교잡효과는 산란수, 난형지수 및 난각두께에서 중요하게 나타났다. 형질에 따라 차이가 있었으나 순종에서는 Y계통, 교배종에서는 $Y\times$B조합이 결합능력효과가 높은 편으로 재래닭 개량의 자료로 활용될 수 있을 것으로 사료된다.

• 한국가금학회지
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• 제10권1호
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• pp.23-29
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• 1983

본 시험은 오골계의 난각과 난각막의 두께변화를 구명하기 위해서 공시란 120개로 부터 다음과 같은 결과를 얻었다. 1) 본 시험의 조사항목은 12개로서 그 평균 성적은 다음과 같았다. 오골계의 란중은 36.58$\pm$0.446g, 난각중량은4.53$\pm$0.079g. 첨단부의 난각 두께는 0.32$\pm$0.006mm, 중단부의 난각두께는 0.32$\pm$0.047mm, 순단부의 난각두께는 0.30$\pm$0.056mm, 첨단부의 난각막의 두께는 0.050$\pm$0.001mm, 중단부의 난각막의 두께는 0.050$\pm$0.001mm, 둔단부의 난각막의 두께는 0.053$\pm$0.001mm, Breaking strength는 3.06kg$\pm$0.010, 란의 세로길이는 4.80$\pm$0.024cm, 란의 가로길이는 3.82$\pm$0.010그리고 세로/가로는 1.26$\pm$0.005이었다. 2) 12개 조사항목간에서 상관계수를 구하고, 그 유의성검정을 실시한 결과. 난각막의 항목만 제외한 타 항목은 모두 고도의 유의성을 가졌으나. 특이하게 난각막은 타 항목과 유의성이 없었고, 그 계수는 부상관의 수치를 나타내기도 하였다.

• 한국유기농업학회지
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• 제24권1호
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• pp.115-122
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• 2016

The main purpose of the current study was to compare quality of eggs 1) produced from hens housed in battery cages vs. free range, 2) from young vs. old hens, and 3) tagged with the lowest vs. the highest price in a local franchised mart. The ages of hens, at which their eggs were used for the analysis of quality, were 70 weeks old in the experiment 1, 22 and 47 weeks old in the experiment 2, and were unknown in the experiment 3. Eggs were analyzed for weight, albumen height, Haugh unit, shell color, shell strength, shell thickness, shell weight, yolk color, yolk weight, and egg white weight. In the experiment 1, significant differences were detected between two housing systems in shell color, shell weight, yolk color, and yolk weight (P<0.05), but not in egg weight, albumen height, Haugh unit, shell strength, shell thickness, and egg white weight (P>0.05). Although egg weight was slightly but not significantly higher in battery cages by 2.2 g than in free range, yolk weight was significantly higher in battery cage (P<0.05). On the contrary, shell color was greatly increased in free range system by 68.5% compared with battery cage. In the experiment 2, there were significant differences between young and old hens in egg weight, albumen height, Haugh unit, shell strength, shell weight, yolk color and yolk weight (P<0.05). Egg weight, shell weight, yolk color and yolk weight were increased in old hens than young hens while albumen height, Haugh unit, and shell strength were decreased. In the experiment 3, egg weight, albumen height, Haugh unit, shell weight, and egg white weight were significantly higher in the highest priced eggs than the lowest ones (P<0.05), whereas shell strength and yolk color were lower (P<0.05) but shell color, shell thickness and yolk weight were not different (P>0.05). So, egg freshness was clearly higher in the highest priced ones than in the lowest (P<0.05). Due to the limited information on raising and husbandry of laying hens whose eggs were tested for egg quality in the current study, the present results should be cautiously interpreted while contributing to the future study as a basis in this field.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제6권3호
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• pp.433-440
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• 1993

Means and standard errors of 285 Taiwan's local chicken and 429 Single Comb White Leghorn pullets at 35 wk of age were: egg weight (g) $48.3{\pm}0.3$, $54.6{\pm}0.3$, shell index $73.39{\pm}0.26$, $73.20{\pm}0.18$, shell color $15.23{\pm}0.40$, $0.88{\pm}0.27$, shell whiteness $72.61{\pm}0.57$, $90.00{\pm}0.35$, shell strength ($kg/cm^2$) $3.77{\pm}0.07$, $3.35{\pm}0.05$, shell thickness (mm) $0.38{\pm}0.003$, $0.38{\pm}0.002$, Haugh units $85.26{\pm}0.50$, $91.81{\pm}0.38$ and yolk percent (%) $30.17{\pm}0.18$, $27.32{\pm}0.16$ respectively. Theestimated heritabiliities of Taiwan's local chicken based on sire and dam components of variance were as follows: egg weight 0.20, shell index 0.1, shell color 0.87, shell whiteness 0.79, shell strength 0.37, shell thickness 0.14, Haugh units 0.24 and yolk percent 0.16. Genetic correlations based on sire and dam components of variance and covariance were also estimated. Generically, the shell index was positively correlated with egg weight, shell strength and yolk percent, and egg weight was negatively correlated with shell thickness, Haugh unit and yolk percent.

• 농업과학연구
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• 제29권1호
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• pp.44-54
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• 2002

이 실험은 우리나라 농가에서 사육되고 있는 타조(African ostrich) 신선란의 내 외부적인 품질 특성을 구명하고자 하였다. 타조의 난형은 장경 15.1~16.1cm, 단경 12.1~13.6cm로, 난형지수는 평균 81.0의 값을 나타내었고, 난각색은 계란보다 광택이 좋은 백색을 나타내었다. 계산식에 의한 난각강도와 난표면적 은 각각 $41.155kg/cm^3$과 $804.7cm^2$이었다. 타조 난의 난각두께는 난각막을 포함하여 1.89mm로, 각 부위별 난각두께는 거의 비슷한 값을 나타내었으며, 난각막 두께는 0.10mm로, 적도부가 두껍고 둔단부가 상대적으로 얇은 것으로 나타났다. 난각 기공수는 19.77개/$cm^2$으로, 첨단부의 기공수가 대체로 많은 것으로 나타났으며, 1개 알의 총기공수는 약 15241개 정도로 측정되었다. 타조 알의 각 부위의 난중에 대한 비율은 난황 25.1%, 난백 58.2% 그리고 난각은 16.7%이었고, 난백에 대한 난황의 비율(Y/W)은 0.43을 나타내었다. 타조의 알에 대한 난백과 난황의 품질을 조사한 결과 난액에 있어 직경과 높이는 각각 19.7cm 와 13.2mm로 난백지수는 0.07 이며, H.U는 -69.7, pH는 8.3이었으며, 난황에 있어서는 직경이 14.4 cm, 높이 29.4 mm로 난황지수는 0.20으로 나타났고, pH는 6.6 이었다. 또한 난황색은 두터운 난황막으로 인하여 계란보다는 엽은 황색을 보였다.

• 농업과학연구
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• 제49권4호
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• pp.909-921
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• 2022

Eggs are considered an excellent complete food because they contain many major energy sources, including protein. Eggs are one of the most widely consumed foods worldwide, and egg consumption is steadily increasing. Eggs are generally classified according to their quality and weight. Various characteristics of eggs must be considered for the design and effective utilization of equipment used for the transport, processing, packaging, and storage of eggs. In this study, egg surface area, volume, density, etc. were measured according to the grade of the egg. The values of several geometrical properties that were measured tended to increase with increasing egg grade. The smallest grade eggs had the lowest shell thickness and density. The electrical conductivity of the eggshell and its contents was measured with a self-made electrode and equipment. The egg shell showed properties similar to insulators, and as the thickness increased, the electrical conductivity tended to increase. The electrical conductivity of the egg yolk showed almost constant values under all conditions. The electrical conductivity of the egg white and mixture was particularly low at 0.1 kHz. Fouling and electrode corrosion occurred in a low frequency region due to the egg white. In this study, various geometric and electrical characteristics of eggs were measured, and based on this, factors that could serve as new indicators for egg processed production were analyzed and investigated.

• 한국가금학회지
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• 제27권3호
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• pp.221-226
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• 2000

This experiment was conducted to determine the effect of replacing limestone by sea shell on digestibility, egg strength and thickness, Ca and P of serum and Ca and P of tibia in layer hens. A total 54 brown layers was assigned to the treatments. There were six layers per replicate with three replicate per treatment. Treatments were layer diet with 7.5% limestone as control, 7.0% limestone and 0.5% sea shell in diet(SS0.5) and 6.5% limestone and 1.0% sea shell in diet(SS1.0). Digestibility of DM was significantly difference between SS0.5 and SS1.0(P〈0.05). Digestibilities of Ca and P were not affected by treatments(P〉0.05), however, SS1.0 tended to increase Ca and P digestibility compared to control. Egg thickness and egg strength were no differences among the treatments(P〉0.05). Differences of initial and finial period on Ca of plasma were significantly affected in the a.m. between SS0.5 and SS1.0(P〈0.05). However, there was no difference in Ca of plasma in the p.m. among the treatments and Ca of plasma in control had a tendency to decrease in the p.m. compared to that of treatments(P〉0.05). Ca of tibia was significantly increased by SS1.0 compared to control(P〈0.05). However, there was no difference in P of tibia among the treatments(P〉0.05). Based on these results, dietary supplemental sea shell mat have a role to improve the egg quality of layer hens.