• The Journal of Engineering Geology
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• v.25 no.1
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• pp.131-148
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• 2015

The purpose of this study is to analyze and compare the heat transfer efficiency of using copper pipe, stainless pipe and traditional PE pipe commonly used for geothermal heat exchanger, with aims at seeking improved methods. In addition, the varying efficiency of heat transfer from ground heat and groundwater heat was assessed and its applicability was discussed. Design parameters for empirical field study were derived by controlling flow rate, velocity and caliber of pipes of the heat exchanger after the thermal efficiency of the heat exchanger material was evaluated. The heat exchange efficiency and effective thermal conductivity were measured with changing pattern through field thermal efficiency and thermal response test. Experimental results show that the metal material showed higher heat transfer efficiency than the PE pipe. Although the heat transfer efficiency was not high with the increase of the pipe diameter in the flow rate, it was high with the increase of the pipe diameter in the velocity.

• Korea Journal of Hospital Management
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• v.22 no.2
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• pp.44-57
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• 2017

The objective of this study is to investigate financial integrity strategies for sustainable development of local public medical centers, and particularly focus on seeking ways to enhance its financial efficiency and publicness. The data which was collected from 33 local public medical centers was analyzed by Data Envelopment Analysis to measure its financial efficiency. Then, Matrix Analysis was used to examine the association of financial efficiency and publicness of local public medical centers with related factors. In the aspects of facilities and location, according to the results, the local public medical centers which have larger number of available hospital beds or located in bigger cities were examined to have higher degree of publicness. In the aspect of human resources, greater number of doctors made both financial efficiency and the degree of publicness decreased, whereas higher participation rate of educational program for doctors affects increasing its financial efficiency and publicness. Lastly, in the aspect of costs, higher labor, material, and administrative cost diminished financial efficiency, but enhanced the degree of publicness. Based on these results, this study concluded that enhancing the publicness of local public medical centers should be pursued by increasing the accessibility with better facilities and location, and also concurrently organizing rational expenditure structure with appropriate cost investment to the resources of local public medical centers. Also, it is necessary to enhance both financial efficiency and publicness simultaneously by improving the quality of health care services through the educational programs for medical staffs.

• Korean Journal of Air-Conditioning and Refrigeration Engineering
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• v.24 no.3
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• pp.205-211
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• 2012

Unlike the previous approaches, we analyzed for economic efficiency of renewed heating and cooling systems as the characteristics of space. The purpose of this study is to analysis the energy consumption and economical efficiency of absorption chillers and EHP systems in renovated library. It is important that equipment selection should be considering energy cost as well as space program. In recently, many EHP systems were installed in the building for reducing the energy cost and for seeking the convenience of individual control. In contrast, though absorption chillers have the disadvantage of a central control, absorption chillers are appropriate for the conditions of the library that needs simultaneous operation. The results by payback period method, show that selection of heating and cooling systems should be consider for space program and the characteristics of space.

• The Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Business
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• v.9 no.8
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• pp.81-88
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• 2022

For each country, the growth of the country is significantly associated with the growth of the manufacturing industry. Especially in the early stages of development, the manufacturing industry has greatly played a great role in creating great added value for society and economic development in that country. Starting from a country with a weak manufacturing background, Vietnam is gradually opening up and integrating into the global economy, which has brought many opportunities for manufacturing enterprises in particular and the enterprise community in general, making Vietnam one of the countries with large production activities in Southeast Asia and Asia. The study evaluates the factors affecting the financial performance of manufacturing enterprises through a case study in Hanoi, Vietnam. Using a survey sample of 235 enterprises operating in production and using quantitative analysis methods, the research results show that: Enterprises with high governance quality are enterprises with high economic efficiency or enterprises with low management capacity have low business efficiency. Moreover, large-scale enterprises often have many advantages in seeking profits and improving business efficiency. Finally, the study has some recommendations to improve corporate governance and growth, create a stronger business community and contribute more to Vietnam's economic development.

• The Journal of Korean society of community based occupational therapy
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• v.8 no.3
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• pp.13-23
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• 2018

Objective : This study was conducted to investigate the leisure activities and self-efficacy according to sensory processing feature of university students. Methods : The survey was conducted from March to June, 2018. A total of 235 university students in Jeolla and Gyeongsang area participated. We used Adolescent/Adult Sensory Profiles to investigate sensory processing feature, Leisure Activity Questionnaires to examine leisure activities, and Self-Efficacy Scale for self-efficacy. This study identified the frequency of leisure activities of university students, the frequency of leisure activities and self-efficiency according to the sensory processing feature, and the leisure activities according to the feature of sensory seeking. Results : For the frequency of leisure activities and self-efficacy according to sensory processing feature of university students, only sensory seeking showed significantly difference in the leisure activity frequency, and the self-efficacy was significantly difference according to the feature of all types of sensory processing (p<.05). In addition, this study identified that leisure activities according to the feature of sensory seeking showed a significantly difference in gym, watching TV, shopping, internet search and web surfing (p<.05, p<.01). Conclusion : According to sensory seeking feature of university students, leisure activities and self-efficacy showed a significant difference. In order to encourage leisure activities of university students and to improve their self-efficacy, an interventional approach based on an understanding of sensory processing characteristics will be needed.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.9 no.4
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• pp.299-312
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• 2009

Unlike profit-seeking businesses, hospitals provide medical services to promote the public good in a way, and they need a reform of management to ensure sustainable growth in fast-changing medical environments. The key to the managerial reform is enhancing efficiency, and inefficient managerial practices and factors affecting that should be grasped first of all to boost the efficiency of hospital management. But evaluation methods that are prevalent in the private sector are hardly applicable to hospitals. The purpose of this study was to assess hospital efficiency by using a data envelopment analysis(DEA). The 2006 data on 74 residency training hospitals with 500 beds or more were analyzed. The selected input variables included the number of bed, the number of doctors, the number of nurses, the number of medical technicians, personnel expenses, management cost and materials cost. And the selected output variables were the yearly number of outpatients, the yearly number of inpatients, the number of operation cases and earnings. In addition, the influence of the type of hospital establishment, location, the year of foundation and the type of hospital on hospital efficiency was checked as well.

• Current Photovoltaic Research
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• v.2 no.1
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• pp.18-27
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• 2014

Dye-sensitized solar cells (DSSCs), developed two decades ago, are considered to be an attractive technology among various photovoltaic devices because of their low cost, accessible dye chemistry, ease of fabrication, high power conversion efficiency, and environmentally friendly nature. A typical DSSCs consists of a dye-coated $TiO_2$ photoanode, a redox electrolyte, and a platinum (Pt)-coated fluorine-doped tin oxide (FTO) counter electrode. Among them, redox electrolytes have proven to be extremely important in improving the performance of DSSCs. Due to many drawbacks of iodide electrolytes, many research groups have paid more attention to seeking other alternative electrolyte systems. With regard to this, one-electron outer sphere redox shuttles based on cobalt complexes have shown promising results: In 2014, porphyrin dye (SM315) with the cobalt (II/III) redox couple exhibited a power conversion efficiency of 13% in DSSCs. In this review, we will provide an overview and perspectives of cobalt redox electrolytes in DSSCs.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Information and Commucation Sciences Conference
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• 2011.10a
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• pp.708-711
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• 2011

The Navy is in the process of developing a sonar-operation strategy to increase the effectiveness of underwater target seeking capability. HMS is the basic strategy to detect underwater targets. The advantages of HMS is that, it has a short preparation time to operate and can be always used regardless of sea conditions and weather. However, it is difficult to effectively detect underwater targets due to the interaction between marine environments and sonar-operations. During the research, the effectiveness of the HMS system's underwater target seeking capability was analyzed by integrating various search patterns and environment conditions into the simulation. In the simulation the ship target an evasive target within a set region. The simulation presented results for an effective searching methods of underwater targets. These research results can be used as foundation for advancing and improving the sonar operational tactics.

• Journal of dental hygiene science
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• v.19 no.1
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• pp.31-38
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• 2019

Background: This study aimed to investigate the effects of critical thinking and good communication skills on the problem-solving abilities of dental hygiene students. Methods: A total of 508 dental hygiene students were convenience-sampled from 3 universities. Results: The results revealed that critical thinking had the highest intellectual fairness score of 3.60, and systematicity was the lowest at 3.19. The values for communication skills were high in reaction, social adequacy, and concentration, with an average of 3.65. Problem-solving abilities were in the following order: clarification of the problem, seeking solutions, and decision making. According to general characteristics, more extroverted personalities possessed higher levels of critical thinking, communication skills, and problem-solving abilities (p<0.01). Critical thinking scores were high (p=0.016) in students who responded that peer relationship was difficult; however, their communication skills were the lowest (p<0.001). Additionally, problem-solving abilities were highest among students who reported a difficult peer relationship (p=0.001). The higher the satisfaction with dental hygiene academics, the higher the critical thinking, communication skill, and problem-solving ability (p<0.001). Critical thinking showed a high positive correlation with variables in the following order: clarification of the problem, performing the solutions, seeking solutions, decision making, and evaluation and reflection. The communication skills were also related to these variables listed above (p<0.01). With critical thinking, confidence, watchfulness, intellectual passion/curiosity, sound skepticism, objectivity, and systematicity all influenced the problem-solving ability. Conclusion: Communication skills were influenced by noise control, putting on the other's shoe, social tensions, and efficiency, which affected the problem-solving ability. Dental clinics require dental hygienists to have critical thinking to make analytical judgments and effective communication skills to solve human relation problems with patients and care-givers. Therefore, these skills should be developed in dental hygiene students to improve their problem-solving abilities.

• Structural Engineering and Mechanics
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• v.55 no.3
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• pp.535-554
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• 2015

Dolphin echolocation (DE) optimization algorithm is a recently developed meta-heuristic in which echolocation behavior of Dolphins is utilized for seeking a design space. The computational performance of meta-heuristic algorithms is highly dependent to its internal parameters. But the computational time of adjusting these parameters is usually extensive. The DE is an efficient optimization algorithm as it includes few internal parameters compared with other meta-heuristics. In the present paper a modified Dolphin echolocation (MDE) algorithm is proposed for optimization of steel frame structures. In the MDE the step locations are determined using one-dimensional chaotic maps and this improves the convergence behavior of the algorithm. The effectiveness of the proposed MDE algorithm is illustrated in three benchmark steel frame optimization test examples. Results demonstrate the efficiency of the proposed MDE algorithm in finding better solutions compared to standard DE and other existing algorithms.