• Analytical Science and Technology
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• v.13 no.3
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• pp.297-303
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• 2000

Isotope-dilution inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry was used to determine trace amounts of Cd, Cu, Pb, Ni and Zn in sediment. Sediment samples were dissolved by microwave digestion with addition of mixed acid ($HNO_3$, HF and $HClO_4$). Lead was determined after separation of alkaline and alkaline earth metals by an ammonium pyrrolidenedithiocarbarmate (APDC) solvent extraction. The other elements were determined after separation of iron, tin and titanium by hydroxide precipitation. Recovery efficiency of the analyte elements was not satisfactory, but most of matrix elements causing the isobaric interference could be effectively eliminated by the separation. Good agreement was achieved with the certified values in the analysis of the two sediment reference materials.

• KIPS Transactions on Software and Data Engineering
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• v.4 no.7
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• pp.277-282
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• 2015

HL7 released V3 CDA(Clinical Document Architecture) and V2.x message standards for medical information exchange. Currently, these standards are successfully adopted by a number of nations across the globe. However, substantial amount of time is required to develop and implement these standards. Moreover, developers need a lot of time to understand these standards. To solve these issues from 2011, the HL7 standard framework started to discuss Fast Healthcare Interoperability Resources(FHIR) as next generation standard of healthcare information exchange. People's interests toward personal health record and smartphone penetration rate are growing and increasing rapidly. Therefore, our research team believes it is necessary to develop a PHR profiling system which could be accessed by using a smartphone and we developed the system. Through a FHIR Profile editor tool developed in Furore, we found that improvements could be made in generating and changing the profile. In order to build the PHR Profiling system, an Open-API on FHIR is used for exchanging information between electronic medical record system and PHR Profiling system. In the PHR Profiling system, the transactions of information between two systems are provided by RESTful service. In this study, we verify the efficiency of development of the PHR Profiling system through FHIR.

• Journal of the Korean Society for Nondestructive Testing
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• v.30 no.4
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• pp.373-379
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• 2010

EMAT has been applied in various fields for flaw detection and material characterization because it has noncontact property in wave generation and a good mode selectivity. Unfortunately, however, EMAT shows low signal to noise ratio relative to commercial contact transducer because of low energy conversion efficiency. If the phase matching through the control of time delay between each coil consisting of the array EMAT is accomplished, it is expected that it will be a solution for the improvement of low signal to noise ratio. In this experiment, the phased array EMATs which consists of 3 or 4 meander coils and one big magnet were fabricated for surface and vertical shear wave generation. Effect of phased delay control on signal directivity and amplitude enhancement was verified. A slit with the depth of 0.5 mm and a side-drill hole of 0.5 mm diameter were clearly detected by fabricated phased array EMATs, respectively.

• Mass Spectrometry Letters
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• v.6 no.3
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• pp.71-74
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• 2015

Low temperature plasma (LTP) ionization mass spectrometry (MS) is one of the widely used ambient analysis methods which allows soft-ionization and rapid analysis of samples in ambient condition with minimal or no sample preparation. One of the major advantages of LTP MS is selective analysis of low-molecular weight, volatile and low- to medium-polarity analytes in a sample. On the contrary, the selectivity for particular class of compound also implies its limitation in general analysis. One of the critical factors limiting LTP ionization efficiency is poor desorption of analytes with low volatility. In this study, a home-built LTP ionization source with Peltier heating sample stage was constructed to enhance desorption and ionization efficiencies of analytes in a sample and its performance was evaluated using standard mixture containing fatty acid ethyl esters (FAEEs). It was also used to reproduce the previous bacterial identification experiment using pattern-recognition for FAEEs. Our result indicates, however, that the bacterial differentiation from FAEE pattern recognition using LTP ionization MS still has many limitations.

• The KIPS Transactions:PartD
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• v.11D no.3
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• pp.703-708
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• 2004

Currently the amount of general letter mail in Korea is on an increasing trend; especially it shows the seasonality that is concentrated in the end of the month or the year. However, the situation is not treated appropriately Moreover. manpower insufficiency if the carriers causes the poor service and the heavy burden of work. Under the existing conditions, the various efforts such as development of the automatic sequence sorting system and construction of the address database are given in order to quicken mall process and lighten the carriers' burden But the inconsistent addressing and the various expressions of address drop the systems and the carriers off in efficiency. In this study, we present the Korean postal addressing standards to make it possible to improve the performance of address recognition and help postmen to sort the mail; particularly focusing on the substance. After analyzing the domestic system, the information structure and the problems of postal address, we propose four fundamentals and the standards including synonyms and acronyms. In addition, we suggest several considerations for mail format. We expect that this study could support the postal service in Korea as a basic standard.

• Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
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• v.13 no.6
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• pp.620-624
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• 1992

The analytical performance of glow discharge mass spectrometer (GD-MS), using a flat type ion source is discussed. The efficiency of ion extraction was maximized at the distance between anode and cathode of 6 mm. At the operation condition of 4 mA, -1000 volt, and 1 mbar for the source, the optimum voltages for sampler and skimmer were40 volt and -280 volt, respectively. The intensities of Cu, Zn, and Mn were increased as a function of square root of current approximately. Korea standard reference materials (KSRM) were tested for an application study. The detection limits of most elements were obtained in the range of several ppm at the optimized operating condition. The peaks of aluminum and chromium were interfered by those of residual gases. The depth profile of nickel coated copper specimens (3, 5, 10 ${\mu}m$ thickness) were obtained by plotting time versus intensities of Ni and Cr after checking the thickness of nickel coated using a scanning electron microscope (SEM). At this moment, the sputtering rate of 0.2 ${\mu}m/min$ at the optimum operating condition was determined from the slope of the plot of time to the coating thickness. The roughness spectra of specimen's crater after 16 min, discharge were obtained using a Talysuf5m-120 roughness tester as well.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Gas
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• v.26 no.1
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• pp.7-19
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• 2022

Hydrogen purification is generally performed through chemical and physical methods. Among various types of purification method PSA(Pressure Swing Adsorption) is widely used with its purification capacity and economic efficiency. In Korea, most of the hydrogen used in automobiles and power generation fuel cells is purified using PSA. Hydrogen produced in petrochemical complexes has difficulties in transportation. The government is planning to install hydrogen extractors that produce hydrogen directly from consumers in connection with the city gas supply chain, and companies are also installing related research and demonstration facilities one after another. Europe and others have recently established safety standards related to PSA and are making efforts for systematic safety management at the construction and operation stage, but domestic safety standards related to PSA are still insufficient. This study aims to identify problems of existing facilities through surveys and risk assessment by companies operating existing PSA, and to prepare domestic technical standards including them in overseas technical standards to promote the safety of new and existing PSA systems.

• Journal of Wellbeing Management and Applied Psychology
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• v.6 no.2
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• pp.39-46
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• 2023

Purpose: The small-scale environmental impact assessment system in Korea was introduced and implemented in August 2000, but it has a problem that it cannot guarantee implementation due to the large proportion of qualitative reduction measures for each evaluation item. Therefore, when preparing a small-scale environmental impact assessment, research was conducted on how to improve the existing simple listing-type reduction measures and qualitative evaluation standards to quantitative reduction measures and evaluation standards reflecting regional characteristics. Research design, data and methodology: The small-scale environmental impact assessment system in Korea was introduced and implemented in August 2000, but it has a problem that it cannot guarantee implementation due to the large proportion of qualitative reduction measures for each evaluation item. Therefore, when preparing a small-scale environmental impact assessment, research was conducted on how to improve the existing simple listing-type reduction measures and qualitative evaluation standards to quantitative reduction measures and evaluation standards reflecting regional characteristics. Results: As a result of the analysis of qualitative and quantitative factors, the arithmetic sum of the qualitative factors of the total six projects is 160, accounting for 80% of the total number of reduction measures, and the quantitative factors are 40, accounting for 20%. Among them, the number of qualitative reduction measures reached 97.4% for animal and plant items, and more than 90% for air quality, noise and vibration, and eco-friendly resource circulation items. Conclusions: Therefore, it is necessary to avoid establishing qualitative reduction measures and set quantitative measures as the basis, but to specify the specifications, size, and installation location related to the reduction measures, and to calculate the numerical reduction efficiency.

• Journal of the Korean Dietetic Association
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• v.9 no.3
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• pp.219-232
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• 2003

The purposes of this study were to assess the child care centers' foodservice facility, and to develop the kitchen facility model based on the general sanitation standards and guidelines in order to provide basic information for a plan review to build or renovate child care centers' foodservice facility. The scopes of the study include : 1) field assessment of the foodservice management practices and facilities in 8 public child care centers, and 2 private child care centers which they are subsidized from the government as public child care centers, 2) development of child care centers' kitchen facility model based on the General Sanitation Standards and Guidelines. The results of this study can be summarized as follows : 1. Field Assessment of the Child Care Centers' Foodservice Facility Average number of children in child care centers was 78.0$\pm$24.20, the average space of kitchen was 15.13$\pm$4.25($m^2$). Especially, the average space of kitchen was 18.49$\pm$4.35($m^2$) with enrollment capacity of 90～120 children in child care centers. The inventory level of most foods was relatively low except rice and kimchi. Kitchen facilities and equipments were similar to those of home kitchen and did not meet the standards of institutional practice. Therefore, the director in child care centers should recognize the importance of the sanitation management and pay more attention to the renovation of foodservice facilities as well as sanitation management practices. 2. Development of the Kitchen Facility Model based on the General Sanitation Standards and Guidelines The kitchen facility plan model with enrollment capacity of 100 children was developed based on the results of field assessment and literature review. Suggested kitchen space was 34.16$m^2$(6,100mm×5,600mm). This space was bigger than the results of field survey or precedent study, considered appropriate to implement the general sanitation standards. The main feature of the developed kitchen facility plan and model was product flow in one direction from the arrival of the raw material to the finished product in order to prevent cross contamination and to improve working efficiency.

• Journal of Radiation Protection and Research
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• v.29 no.4
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• pp.231-236
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• 2004

An imaging plate(IP) detector, a two-dimensional digital radiation detector that can acquire image of radioactivity distribution in a sample, has been applied in many fields; for industrial radiography, medical diagnosis, X-ray diffraction test, etc. In this study, the possibility of IP detector to be used lot measuring radioactivity of sample is explored using its high sensitivity, higher spatial resolution, wider dynamic range and screen uniformity for several kinds radiations. First, the IP detector is applied to measure the surface uniformity for area source. Surface uniformity is measured rapidly and nondestructively by measuring the radioactivity distribution of common standard area source$(^{241}Am)$. Next, the IP is employed to study the possibility of measuring an extremely low-level activity of environmental sample. For this study the screen uniformity, shield effect of background radiation, linear dynamic range and fading effect of the IP detector is investigated. The potato, banana, radish and carrot samples are chosen to measure ultra low-level activity of $^{40}K$ isotope. The efficiency calibration of IP detector is carried out using the standard source.