• Korean Journal of Veterinary Research
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• v.44 no.2
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• pp.317-322
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• 2004

This study was performed to evaluate echocardiographic parameters in dogs with experimental mitral regurgitation subjected to dobutamine stress testing. In 8 beagle dogs, a 4-prong grasping forceps was inserted into the left ventricle through the carotid artery with fluoroscopic guidance. The disruption of chordae or mitral valve leaflet was performed. Echocardiographic protocols included quantitative Doppler echocardiography and M-mode measurement for evaluating left ventricle function. After all measurement was obtained at rest, dobutamine was infused incrementally. In stress testing, all measurement also was performed at rest as the same method. In stress Doppler echocardiography, regurgitant fraction and aortic stroke volume was increased significantly (P<0.001). Effective regurgitant orifice and regurgitant volume was not changed. In M-mode examination, fractional shortening was increased significantly at stress test (P<0.001). From the results obtained in this study, it could be suggested that dobutamine stress echocardiography increase left ventricle performance in non-functional mitral regurgitation and quantitative Doppler echocardiography is non-invasive, accurate method in valvular regurgitation.

• Transactions of the Korean Society of Automotive Engineers
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• v.7 no.5
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• pp.172-177
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• 1999

In this paper, the physical and electrical properties of the synthetic fluids No. 2 class Ⅶ used the insulating oils for automobile ignition coil are studied. Also, benzotriazole(BTA) as the streaming electrification suppressant additive is added to the oil, and the change of physical and electrical properties due to different BTA concentration is investigated. To investigate the electrical characteristics, the breakdown strength of each specimen by an experiment for AC breakdown and the changes of conductivity by measuring volume resistivity are analyzed. It is considered that the effective content of BTA as charge suppressant additive is about 10[ppm] from the results of AC breakdown and volume resistivity test.

• The Transactions of the Korean Institute of Electrical Engineers C
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• v.49 no.8
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• pp.455-461
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• 2000

The inhibiting effects of electrical treeing and insulation properties of LDPE contained with treeing inhibitors was studied under radiation environment. Barbituric acid and its derivatives were selected as treeing inhibitors. The inception voltage and growth of tree, AC breakdown strength, volume resistivity, high frequency capacitance, and dissipation factor were observed as a function of dose(up to 1000 kGy). And also, measurements of thermo-luminescence(TL), and gel content were carried out. Crosslinked low density polyethylene(XLPE) contained with treeing inhibitors shows better insulation characteristics such as electrical tree propagation, AC breakdown strength, and volume resistivity than those of pure LDPE. The most effective treeing inhibitor was found on the barbituric acid contained XLPE.

• Advances in environmental research
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• v.5 no.4
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• pp.263-282
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• 2016

Contaminant transport in groundwater induces major threat and harmful effect on the environment; hence, the fate of the contaminant migration in groundwater is seeking a lot of attention. In this paper a two dimensional numerical flow and transport model through saturated layered soil is developed. Groundwater flow and solute transport has been simulated numerically using proposed model. The model implements the finite volume time splitting method to discretize the main equations. The performance, accuracy and efficiency of the out coming numerical models have been successfully examined by two test cases. The verification test cases consist of two-dimensional, groundwater flow and solute transport. The final purpose of this paper is to discuss and compare the shape of contaminant plume in homogeneous and heterogeneous media with different soil properties and control of solute transport using a zone for minimizing the potential of groundwater contamination; furthermore, this model leads to select the effective and optimum remedial strategies for cleaning the contaminated aquifers.

• Computers and Concrete
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• v.22 no.2
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• pp.161-166
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• 2018

This paper deals with the instability analysis of concrete pipes conveying viscous fluid-nanoparticle mixture. The fluid is mixed by $AL_2O_3$ nanoparticles where the effective material properties of fluid are obtained by mixture rule. The applied force by the internal fluid is calculated by Navier-Stokes equation. The structure is simulated by classical cylindrical shell theory and using energy method and Hamilton's principle, the motion equations are derived. Based on Navier method, the critical fluid velocity of the structure is calculated and the effects of different parameters such as fluid velocity, volume percent of nanoparticle in fluid and geometrical parameters of the pipe are considered. The results present that with increasing the volume percent of nanoparticle in fluid, the critical fluid velocity increase.

• Proceedings of the KSME Conference
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• 2004.04a
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• pp.1830-1834
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• 2004

In this paper, we present scavenge characteristics in a small subchamber of HCCI. It is very important to enhance scavenge rate because ignition in a chamber sometimes does not happen. To understand this phenomenon numerical tool was performed using the FLUENT which is a commercial code. Focus is given to the effect on the scavenge rate of the geometric factor that is the angle of nozzle injection. The numerical results show that the scavenge ones in the subchamber heavily depend on the nozzle angle. It was found that the scavenge rate is more effective at angled nozzle.

• Transactions of the Korean Society of Mechanical Engineers
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• v.16 no.5
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• pp.1011-1018
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• 1992

A series of experiment has been performed on the spray characteristics in a cylindrical confined space with the injection pressure taken as a parameter. By using a single-hole patternator and the Malvern particle sizer, the spray mass flux, drop size and volume concentration distributions along the radial and axial directions were obtained ; the line-of- sight data by Malvern particle sizer have been converted to the ring-of-sight data by using the tomographical transformation techniqe. The experimental results show that, due to the restriction on the ambient gas entrainment by the wall boundary, the effective spray angle is increasing. The spray drops were measured to be smaller in the confined space because of a large number of floating small drops by recirculation of the gas phase and the breakup of large drops by the wall collision. Also the details on the flow behavior of the confined spray are discussed.

• Nuclear Engineering and Technology
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• v.29 no.1
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• pp.58-67
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• 1997

A numerical study has been peformed to investigate the flow and mixing characteristics of a chemical injection tank in the chemical and volume control system (CVCS) of Yonggwang 5&6 (YGN 5&6). This study was undertaken to provide a basis for modification of the previous design (YGN 3&4) which gave a lot of difficulties in installation and operation of the chemical injection system during the start-up test because it needs a special reciprocating pump with a high actual head. For the tank of length-to-diameter ratios (L/D) of 1,2 and 3, each with and without a baffle inside, calculation results were obtained by solving the unsteady laminar two-dimensional elliptic forms of governing equations for the mass, momentum and species concentration. Finite-difference method was used to obtain discretized equations, and the SIMPLER solution algorithm, which was developed based on the staggered grid control volume, was employed for the calculation procedure. Results showed that the baffle is very effective in enhancing the mixing in the tank and that a baffle should be installed near the tank entrance in order to 110 chemicals into the reactor coolant system (RCS) within the operating time required.

• Journal of Welding and Joining
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• v.16 no.1
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• pp.125-133
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• 1998

The effect of volume fraction of Cr carbide phase (Cr CVF) on the low stress abrasion resistance in the chromium-carbide-type high Cr white iron hardfacing weld deposits has been investigated. In order to examine Cr CVF, a series of alloys with varying Cr CVF by changing chromium and carbon contents and the ratio of Cr/C were employed. The alloys were deposited once or twice on a mild steel plate using the self-shielding flux cored arc welding process. The low stress abrasion resistance of the alloys against sands was measured by the Dry Sand/Rubber Wheel Abrasion Test (RWAT). It was shown that hardness and abrasion resistance increased with increasing Cr CVF within the whole test range (Cr CVF : 0.23-0.64). Both primary Cr carbide and eutectic Cr carbide were particularly effective in resisting wear due to their high hardness.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society for Noise and Vibration Engineering Conference
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• 2005.11a
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• pp.919-924
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• 2005

Fretting-wear caused by turbulence excitation for KSNP(Korea standard nuclear power plant) steam generator is investigated numerically. Secondary sides density and normal velocity are obtained by the thermal-hydraulic data of the steam generator. Because nonlinear finite element analysis is complex and time consuming, work rate is estimated by using linear analysis for simple straight 2-span tube. Wear volume and depth by using work rate calculation are estimated. Span length, secondary side fluid density and normal velocity are adopted to study the effects on the fretting-wear by turbulence excitation. When secondary sides density and normal velocity is increased, It turns out that secondary side density and normal gap velocity are very important paramater for fretting-wear phenomena of the steam generator.