• Journal of the Korean Society of Surveying, Geodesy, Photogrammetry and Cartography
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• v.39 no.5
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• pp.279-288
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• 2021

In the era of the 4th industrial revolution, smart construction, in which new technologies such as UAV (Unmanned Aerial Vehicle) are fused, is attracting attention in the construction field. However, the method of estimating earthwork volume using DEM generated by UAV survey according to practical regulations such as construction design guidelines or standard product counting is not officially recognized and needs to be improved. In this study, different types of UAV were measured and DEM was obtained using this data. The DEM (Digital Elevation Model) thus obtained was analyzed for changes in the amount of earthworks according to the size of the GSD (Ground Sample Distance). In addition, the amount of earthwork by DEM and the amount of earthwork by existing design drawings were compared and analyzed. As a result of the study, it was suggested that images with a GSD of 5cm or less are effective to generate a high-quality DEM. Next, as a result of comparing the earthwork volume calculation method using DEM and the earthwork volume based on the existing 2D design drawings, a difference of about 1% was shown. In addition, when the design earthwork amount calculated by the double-section averaging method was compared with the designed earthwork amount using DEM data by UAV survey, a difference of about 1% was found. Therefore, it is suggested that the method of calculating the amount of earthworks using UAV is an efficient method that can replace the existing method.

• Journal of Periodontal and Implant Science
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• v.48 no.6
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• pp.395-404
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• 2018

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to propose a technique for periodontal biotype modification through thickening of the entire facial aspect using a volume-stable collagen matrix and autogenous subepithelial connective tissue graft (CTG) for the treatment of gingival recession. Methods: Four systemically healthy patients showing Miller class I or class II gingival recession in the mandibular incisor area were included in this study. Full-mouth scaling and root planing procedures were performed at least 4 weeks prior to periodontal plastic surgery. A split-thickness flap with a horizontal intrasulcular incision and 2 vertical incisions was used in cases 1-3, and the modified tunnel technique was used in case 4 for coronal advancement of the mucogingival complex. After the exposed root surfaces were debrided thoroughly, double-layered volume-stable collagen matrix was placed on the apical part of the recession and a subepithelial CTG harvested from the palatal area was placed on the coronal part. The amount of root coverage at 3 months postoperatively was evaluated in cases 1-3, and facio-lingual volumetric changes were analyzed in cases 1 and 2. Results: Healing was uneventful in all 4 cases and complete root coverage was shown in cases 1-3. In case 4, reduction of gingival recession was observed at 3 months after surgery. In cases 1 and 2, a comparison of stereolithographic files from the preoperative and postoperative time points demonstrated that the entire facio-lingual volume had increased. Conclusions: The surgical technique suggested herein, using a volume-stable collagen matrix and autogenous subepithelial CTG, may be an effective method for periodontal biotype modification through thickening of the entire facial aspect for the treatment of gingival recession.

• Journal of The Korean Society of Integrative Medicine
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• v.9 no.4
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• pp.19-28
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• 2021

Purpose : The purpose of this study was to apply manual lymphatic drainage (MLD) and high-frequency diathermy (HFD) to patients with axillary web syndrome (AWS), one of the side effects of breast cancer surgery, and to treat upper extremity pain, volume, function of the upper extremity, (joint range of motion; ROM, disabilities of the arm, shoulder and hand; DASH) and quality of life before and after treatment. It is to determine the effect of treatment by checking the level change. Methods : This study is a case series. A total of 5 patients diagnosed with AWS after breast cancer surgery voluntarily participated in this study. The intervention program consisted of stretching, MLD and HFD. It was conducted 3 times a week for 30 minutes for 4 weeks. In order to compare the effects of pain (numeric pain rating scale; NPRS), volume, upper limb function (ROM, DASH) and quality of life (the European organization for research and treatment of cancer quality of life questionnaire-breast, EORTC QLQ-BR23) evaluations were compared before and after 4 weeks of intervention. All measured variables were analyzed and expressed as mean, standard deviation and percentage. Results : The shoulder NPRS level of the subjects in all case groups decreased, the volume decreased and the shoulder flexion, abduction ROM increased. It showed improvement in DASH and quality of life, QLQ-BR23. Conclusion : After breast cancer surgery, we confirmed the possibility that MLD and HFD treatments could be effective in improving pain, decreasing volume, increasing upper extremity function, and quality of life for patients who have difficulties with AWS. The possibility has been confirmed, and additional research is needed by increasing the number of participants in the experiment in the future.

• Steel and Composite Structures
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• v.45 no.1
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• pp.133-145
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• 2022

Steel fiber composite bar (SFCB) is a novel type of reinforcement, which has good ductility and durability performance. Due to the unique pseudo strain hardening tensile behavior of SFCB, different flexural behavior is expected of SFCB reinforced concrete (SFCB-RC) beams from traditional steel bar reinforced concrete (S-RC) beams and FRP bar reinforced concrete (F-RC) beams. To investigate the flexural behavior of SFCB-RC beam, four points bending tests were carried out and different flexural behaviors between S/F/SFCB-RC beams were discussed. An flexural analytical model of SFCB-RC beams is proposed and proved by the current and existing experimental results. Based on the proposed model, the influence of the fiber volume ratio R of the SFCB on the flexural behavior of SFCB-RC beams is discussed. The results show that the proposed model is effective for all S/F/SFCB-RC flexural members. Fiber volume ratio R is a key parameter affecting the flexural behavior of SFCB-RC. By controlling the fiber volume ratio of SFCB reinforcements, the flexural behavior of the SFCB-RC flexural members such as bearing capacity, bending stiffness, ductility and repairability of SFCB-RC structures can be designed.

• Journal of Cadastre & Land InformatiX
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• v.47 no.1
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• pp.111-126
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• 2017

Small-scale UAS(Fusion technique of Unmanned Aerial Vehicles platform and Sensors, 'sUAS') opens various new applications in construction fields and so becoming progressively common due to the considerable potentials in terms of accuracy, costs and abilities. The purpose of this study is that the investigation of the validation on the utilization of sUAS for earth stockpile volume calculations on sites. For this, generate 3D models(DSM) with sUAS aerial images on an cone shaped soil stockpile approximately $270m{\times}300m{\times}20m$, which located at Baegot Life Park in Siheung-si, compared stockpile volume estimates produced by sUAS image analysis, against volume estimates obtained by GNSS Network-RTK ground surveying method which selected as the criteria of earth stockpile volume. The result through comparison and examination show(demonstrate) that there was under 2% difference between the volume calculated with the GNSS Network RTK data and the sUAV data, especially sUAS imaged-based volume estimate of a stockpile can be greatly simplified, done quickly, and very cost effective over conventional terrestrial survey methods. Therefore, with consideration of various plan to assess the height of vegetation, sUAS image-based application expected very useful both volume estimate and 3D geospatial information extraction in small and medium-sized sites.

• Journal of Global Scholars of Marketing Science
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• v.16 no.1
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• pp.117-141
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• 2006

Daily sales volume in retailers seems to be changed because of five-days-work in a week resulting in growth of leisure time in Korea recently. The day of the week effect of sales volume that can not be theoretically explained, which sales pattern varies depending on days systematically and consistently, is so important. Especially the day of the week effect of sales volume exists in which retail branch and the extents of the day of the week effect from the perspective of marketing in retailing is very important. Thus, the purpose of this study was to investigate whether the day of the week effect of sales volume exists in men's clothing retailers and if so, there is difference in daily sales volume. There was insufficient researches in the field of anomaly such as the day of the week effect of sales volume in marketing. For this reason, this study has drawn upon research findings of finance, general demand theory, and previous studies of the day of the week effect in stock markets. In doing so, these works are referenced in theoretical background and applicability in retailing market of this study. This study empirically investigated the day of the week effect of sales volume through the revenues of a men's clothing retailers (P company) in past five years. As the result of this study, the day of the week effect of sales volume existed in men's clothing retailers and the day of the week effect showed positive from Monday to Sunday, which means Sunday, the biggest. Also, the day of the week effect by season was different. The result of this study is expected to provide some helpful evidence that offers effective operational strategies to retailers.

• Progress in Medical Physics
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• v.17 no.1
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• pp.6-16
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• 2006

The goal of this study was to develop new indices for effectively evaluating the dose coverage and homogeneity based on the target-volume dose-volume histogram (TV-DVH) of intensity-modulated radio-therapy treatment plans. A new coverage Index and a new homogeneity index were developed by integrating a modified TV-DVH and by fitting a TV-DVH with a modified step function, respectively. The coverage index, named the l-index, indicates whether the dose coverage for the target volume is adequate based on user-defined criteria. A lower l-index indicates higher dose coverage of the tumor volume. The index for assessing dose homogeneity in a target volume, named the n-index, is more accurate than the conventional method in evaluating the dose homogeneity in a tumor volume. The baseline treatment plan for a target volume coverage and homogeneity is discussed. The proposed simple indices have been demonstrated to be effective in evaluating the dose coverage and homogeneity for TV-DVHs.

• Journal of Internet of Things and Convergence
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• v.10 no.1
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• pp.39-45
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• 2024

Container volume is a very important factor in accurate evaluation of port performance, and accurate prediction of effective port development and operation strategies is essential. However, it is difficult to improve the accuracy of container volume prediction due to rapid changes in the marine industry. To solve this problem, it is necessary to analyze the impact on port performance using the Internet of Things (IoT) and apply it to improve the competitiveness and efficiency of Busan Port. Therefore, this study aims to develop a prediction model for predicting the future container volume of Busan Port, and through this, focuses on improving port productivity and making improved decision-making by port management agencies. In order to predict port container volume, this study introduced the Extreme Gradient Boosting (XGBoost) technique of a machine learning model. XGBoost stands out of its higher accuracy, faster learning and prediction than other algorithms, preventing overfitting, along with providing Feature Importance. Especially, XGBoost can be used directly for regression predictive modelling, which helps improve the accuracy of the volume prediction model presented in previous studies. Through this, this study can accurately and reliably predict container volume by the proposed method with a 4.3% MAPE (Mean absolute percentage error) value, highlighting its high forecasting accuracy. It is believed that the accuracy of Busan container volume can be increased through the methodology presented in this study.

• Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
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• v.23 no.3
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• pp.459-468
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• 2002

Literature data measured by the author have been processed to report on the effect of solute structure on gas liquid partition coefficients of eleven normal, branched and cyclic alkanes ranging in carbon number from five to nine in sixty nine low molecular weight liquids. The alkane solutes are n-pentane(p), n-hexane(hx), n-heptane(hp), n-octane(o), n-nonane(n), 2-methylpentane(mp), 2,5-dimethylpentane(dp), 2,5-dimethylhexane(dh), 2,3,4-trimethylpentane(tp), cyclohexane(ch), and ethylcyclohexane(ec). The solvent set encompasses most of those studied by Rohrschneider as well as three homologous series of solvents (n-alkanes, 1-alcohols and 1-nitriles) and several perfluorinated alkanes and highly fluorinated alcohols. An excellent linear relationship was observed between lnK and the carbon number of n-alkanes. The effective carbon numbers of branched and cyclic alkanes were determined in a similar fashion to the method of Kovats index. We found that the logarithm of solute vapor pressure multiplied by solute molar volume was a perfect descriptor for the linear relationship with the median effective carbon number.

• Korean Journal of Pharmacognosy
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• v.31 no.3
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• pp.364-372
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• 2000

The Youngkaechulgamtang(Y) is composed of four herbal drugs, including Hoelen(H), Cinnamomi Ramulus(C), Atractylodis Rhizoma Alba(A) and Glycyrrhizae Radix(G). In oriental medicine literatures, Youngkaechulgamtang is described to be effective in headache, inflammation, uremia, gastritis, diarrhea, hypertension. To estimate the clinical effectiveness of Youngkaechulgamtang, several pharmacological experiments were carried out. The results are summarized as follows: On $HgCl_2-induced$ renal failure rat, Youngkaechulgamtang showed the significant increase of $Na^+,\;K^+,\;Cl^-$ contents in urine and the significant decrease of creatinine and BUN concentrations in serum. Youngkaechulgamtang was more effective than mixture of 4 ingredients in the urine volume and excretion of electrolytes. In the diuretic effect, Hoelen and Atractylodis Rhizoma Alba were more effective than other drugs.