• Journal of the Korea Institute of Building Construction
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• v.16 no.4
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• pp.367-379
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• 2016

Although the importance of creative thinking is rapidly increasing in the new century, the generation of creative ideas and its application in the construction industry have been considered relatively difficult. Thus there have been a few studies on the subject that how to apply creative thinking tools with empirical evidence in the construction industry. Value engineering(VE) has been widely applied in the design phase of construction projects due to the government regulation, Brainstorming has been the most prevalent idea generation techniques in the VE activities during the past several decades. Contrary to popular belief, the performance of brainstorming is not so good. It is known as the brainstorming myth. This paper proposes the business creativity codes(BCC) as an alternative idea generation tool in the design phase VE of construction projects. In order to examine the effectiveness of the BCC, 50 successful field cases awarded in the design VE competition of government agency are used. The result shows that the BCC can be used as an effective idea generation tool in the design phase VE construction projects.

• The Journal of Fisheries Business Administration
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• v.36 no.3 s.69
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• pp.1-24
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• 2005

Korean fishery wage system has been evolved with the different titles. However, Since the law of fishing crew was enacted in 1984, the fishery wage system has been established as a rate system, which is a legal term. The present rate system in practice shows various contents and modalities, depending on fisheries and regions, but the fisheries of large trawl cooperative employ a rate system of fixed plus rate wage. However, such change did not transform basically the properties of pure rate scheme. As well known, fishing vessel owners face an awful lot of difficulty in managing and controlling effectively the production process because fishing activities are carried out in the seas remote from the land. Thus, it tend to be inevitable for vessel owners to employ a rate system to induce fishermen's positive motivation for promoting productivity and saving operating costs. However, the rate system has worked out as a driving force, which induce an increase in production more strongly under the expansion of vessel numbers and power and the keener competition of fishing activities. Even though the control mechanism of fishing instruments are well established, fishermen become naturally to have an incentive to increase their fishing effort for maximizing production since they are able to raise their shares by maximizing the quantity harvested. Thus, as far as the rate system exists, fisheries administration may have much difficulty in realizing its fishery management goals only through vessel reduction and fishing gear regulations. Also, under the rate system fishery management authority may be in face of a serious dilemma between the spontaneous rate system and vessel reduction policy. If the realistic aspect of the rate system is recognized and resource restoration and profit promotion are main policy goals, it is necessary to develop effective ways to control vessel owners' and fishermen's production-maximizing motives at an appropriate level. From this point of view, it seems reasonable to introduce TAC system by species or by fisheries into the existing fishery system. The research results suggest that if the fisheries administration could understand clearly the spontaneous fisheries wage system, it would know the norm of TAC and the basic reasons for illegal fishing activities and thus it would be able to develop and implement more realistic resource management policies.

• The Journal of Information Systems
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• v.14 no.3
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• pp.63-70
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• 2005

Compared with land logistics and sea logistics, air logistics takes not only less transportation time, but also makes just-in-time delivery possible. Because of this, in spite of high freight rates, many shippers make good use of airlines. To cope with borderless competition in this global age, most shippers using air logistics want to receive diverse information including just-in-time cargo delivery and dangerous situation as well as convenience and speed in job handling. Nevertheless, most domestic forwarders, who perform many kinds of important businesses for air logistics, mainly put emphasis on demanding information from overseas partners through their business agreements, that is, focusing on horizontal integration, instead of sharing information or improving job performance among air logistics participants. As a result, it is almost impossible to satisfy the needs of shippers. Airline users want to remove the uncertainties over their cargo movement. And in time of emergency, they want to take immediate measures through speedy information sharing and decision-making. In order to satisfy shipper's needs, all the organizations participating in the air logistics supply chain-cargo senders, cargo receivers, forwarders, transporters, licensed customs brokers, airlines as well as foreign partners-have to set up a vertical cooperation system. For effective air logistics SCM, it is very important to remove overlapping jobs, strengthen the efficiency of job handling, and provide online monitoring on cargo information in order to support decision-making. To this end, this paper has applied the concept of RTE (Real Time Enterprise), a new business management system, which tries to maximize competitiveness by removing many hindrance factors on an ongoing basis in managing and fulfilling core business processes based on up-to-the-minute information. In order to realize RTE-based information system for air logistics SCM, this paper has analyzed the information required by business process and by air logistics participant, and suggested the method for information sharing, point of time for information input and output, and its means.

• Korea Journal of Hospital Management
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• v.4 no.1
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• pp.1-20
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• 1999

Since the late 1980s, there have been radical changes in the managerial environment of Y University Medical Center(YUMC). Externally, the competition among hospitals has intensified due to the establishment of universal health insurance in 1939 and the entrance of large enterprises into the health care industry in the early 1990s. In addition, government regulation of medical institution is becoming stricter. Also, consumer groups have continued to demand the respect for patient rights and improvement of the quality of medical services. Internally, the financial condition of YUMC has worsened, not only because weak control and poor mediation in its large-scale structure have made its operation inefficient, but also because the rates of increase in the prices of goods and labor have grown faster than any increases in revenues. This study on materials management at YUMC presents a way for YUMC to reduce costs and increase its productivity, thereby overcoming its financial difficulties and dealing with external pressures. This study utilized the case studies of the materials purchasing and medical supply management in the United States and the comparative analysis of management to suggest short-term and long-term alternatives for innovation in YUMC. The goals of the short-term alternatives for innovation are to centralize the purchasing and supply departments and to simplify the decision-making processes. Through these attempts, it is estimated that YUMC's costs could be reduced by $600,000 per year. In the long-term, it is necessary to consider introducing a Supply Processing Distribution(SPD) system and setting up a centralized electronic system for supply and inventory management, although it is difficult to estimate the effect of cost-cutting because of the lack of analysis data. Thus, YUMC should thoroughly analyze initial investment costs and economical efficiency generated from long-term alternatives.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute Of Construction Engineering and Management
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• 2007.11a
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• pp.991-994
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• 2007

Since the year of 2003, the overseas plant market has grown by an average of 6% per year. It is because of the increase of oil-money, economic growth of BRICs, and the result of heavy competition among the countries which demands a great amount of resources for the purpose of resource securing. Such a situation is expected to be continued for a while. The procurement is one of critical functions for successful completion of a plant project. For effective procurement, it is required to manage vendor's information efficiently. But most of the vendor management systems deal with simple general information and performance data about vendors. In this sense, this paper proposes a vendor management system which can be used within a decision-making system. The system uses existing DB and makes the close relationship with the vendors. This paper will also reduce risks and difficulties in the process of selecting the proper vendors and will increase efficiency of procurement process in electronic bidding between companies.

• The Korean Journal of Air & Space Law and Policy
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• v.3
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• pp.233-258
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• 1991

This paper examines current developing status of space law as defined in terms of its unique principle that "the utilization of outer space for all mankind's interest". As commercialization of space activities has brought about heated debate on its legitimacy with respect to that principle, space law has come to witness a dual situation. One is the realization of that principle in establishing commercial space activities system where all mankind's interest is respected through the non-discriminatory distribution mode of space benefit. In satellite telecommunication system, the INTELSAT Organization assures its public service policy while protecting itself against a competition from separate systems. For remote sensing, commercialization of LANDSAT Systems promoted since 1984 seems not to affect present non-discriminatory distribution of data and information obtained. On the other hand, active participation of private entity aiming at commercial profit enables national government to manage more effective control and supervision of those activities with a view to promoting national interests. Also, newly developed private rules and regulations are emerging in business relations about commercial space activities. Extended capacity of national government assuring its national interest in production and distribution of international resources that is outer space, and regulation of space activities by newly developed rules and customs provoke a concern about a identity problem of space law. The best way to summarize this perspective might consist in saying that non space law regulations, which are not assumed as aiming at the promotion of all mankind's interest, are confirming their role about space related activities. For those reasous, we are now facing a developing status of space law as developments of commercial space activities continues.

• The Journal of Information Technology
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• v.7 no.1
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• pp.87-104
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• 2004

This study is to understand basic knowledge on e-logistics through the analysis of third party logistics(3PL) as well as fourth party logistics(4PL) and to suggest some activation plans of e-logistics of information era to get competition in the field of international logistics. Compared with advanced countries, Korean companies has not activated 3PL logistics as Korean companies are not inclined to open their business information to others and they didn't recognize the importance of logistics. As the business environments are worsening little by little, there has been greater concerns for e-logistics as a way of focusing on the core-business. Most of Korean companies has outsourced simple and limited scope of 3PL and 4PL services with 1st level of logistics outsourcing. To activate e-logistics, Korean government and private enterprises have to pursue the following strategies. First, Korean government should change the present laws preventing the enterprises specialized in 3PL from doing business and should pursue logistics information and standardization. Also the government needs to support 3PL companies. Second, private companies do their best to retain and develope factors of logistics resources professional and to develope the latest technology. 3PL providers have pursue effective logistics strategies and to invest capitals for the information technology.

• Archives of design research
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• v.12 no.4
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• pp.263-272
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• 1999

Creative environment for sales that a company's image can be effectively delivered to consumers increases consumption desirability and puts confidence in products. Thus, it can be resulted in increasing company's profit. However, nowadays commercial spaces do not show their differences from others due to an excessive competition. Therefore, groping a differentiated composition for commercial spaces should be importantly considered because consumers wants to meet their own individuality in the fashion speciality store. The purpose of this paper is in present the way of differentiating images for commercial spaces. In order to investigate, the role of a wall in commercial spaces should be reconsidered. The concept of a wall in fashion store in the past was understood as one of the structures in the building and a place that displays commodities for sales. However, this paper introduces a new concept of a wall as an important visual function in the fashion store. In other words, the new concept emphasized functions and compositions of a wall in the perspective of symbolic and visual sides, instead of a physical side. Moreover, this paper presents the relationship between the internal side of a wall which has a high frequency of visually and the external side of a wall which has a signaling effect to the consumers. Finally, this paper shows effective way of expressing company's image in the fashion store by adopting the new concept of a wall composition.

• Satellite Communications and Space Industry
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• v.2 no.3
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• pp.83-92
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• 1994

Outer Space is existing as the opening-up frontier. The space activities included benefit-and-risk are now confronted with the challenge of arriving at just and effective rules for the use of space serving many technical, practical and conflicting legal, economic, political and military interests. Therefore many governments have developed domestic and international policies to respond to the opportunities and constraints engendered by space exploration and exploitation. the challenges of outer space toward the 21st century are being internationalized, commercialized, and privatized, militarized through the international cooperation and competition in space activities. For the future of mankind, futhermore the right to live of humankind, we must be positively interested in international space law which may give rise to international repercussions. I suggeste that many issues be resolved by international coordinating organization.

• Korean Journal of Applied Biomechanics
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• v.17 no.3
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• pp.69-80
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• 2007

The purpose of this study was to investigate the difference of ground reaction forces of swimming athletes during their starting motion and to find out the most effective starting motions which were used in swimming athletes. The subjects were 9 male and 8 female high school swimming athletes who were athletic career over 7 years and used three starting motions in competition. The ground reaction forces were measured from each athletes performing three starting motion each of the open grap starting motion, closed grap starting motion and track starting motion. For the measurement, the force platform of AMTI company was utilized, and the analysis on measured ground reaction forces were used of Biosoft(Ver. 1.0). The items measured were stance time, Fz max deceleration force and Fz max deceleration force time, Fz mid stance force and Fz mid stance force time, Fz max acceleration force and Fz max acceleration force time, Torque maximum and Torque maximum time, Torque average, Excursion along Y axis of center of pressure of foot, Excursion along X axis of center of pressure of foot, Length of center of pressure of foot, Average velocity of center of pressure of foot. The data measured by the closed grap starting motion, open grap starting motion and track starting motion were analyzed by one-way repeated ANOVA. The results were as follows ; 1. The Fz max deceleration force time, Fz mid stance force, Fz max acceleration force, Torque maximum and Torque maximum time, Excursion along Y axis of center of pressure of foot, Average velocity of center of pressure of foot were significantly fast and large in the closed grap starting motion then open grap starting motion and track starting motion. 2. The Excursion along Y axis of center of pressure of foot was significantly long in the closed grap starting motion then open grap starting motion and track starting motion.