• Structural Engineering and Mechanics
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• 제21권4호
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• pp.451-468
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• 2005

Effective beam width models are commonly used to obtain the lateral stiffness of flat plate structures. In these models, an effective beam width is defined as the width when the flexural stiffness of the beam element equals the slab stiffness. In this present study, a method to obtain effective beam widths that considers the effects of connection geometry and slab cracking is analytically proposed. The rectangularity of the vertical member for the connection geometry and the combined effects of creep and shrinkage for the slab cracking are considered. The results from the proposed method are compared with experimental results from a test structure having nine slab-column connections.

• 전산구조공학
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• 제8권4호
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• pp.159-171
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• 1995

한 cycle의 이력곡선 loop을 완전히 표현하기 위해서는 pinch force, drift offset, effective stiffness, unloading, reloading, tangential stiffness 등의 변수가 필요하게 된다. 각 이력 loop에 대해 이들 변수들은 에너지 소산정도에 따라 변위와 축력의 함수로 표현될 수 있다. 본 논문에서는 먼저 16개의 전단벽 실험에서 얻어진 이력곡선 데이타를 분석하여 앞에 기술된 모든 변수를 표준화된 변위(.DELTA/.DELTA.y)의 함수로 표현했으며 이를 바탕으로 이력곡선의 포락선으로 표현되는 힘-변위관계를 예측할 수 있는 6개의 step을 제시하였다. 제시된 기법으로 구해진 비탄성 힘-변위관계는 실험곡선과 비교되었으며 내진설계에 있어서 가장 중요한 요소중 하나인 구조물의 비탄성 힘-변위관계를 예측하는 편리한 기법으로 이용될 수 있음을 보였다.

• 한국구조물진단유지관리공학회 논문집
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• 제13권6호통권58호
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• pp.148-155
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• 2009

전단벽식 구조물의 내진설계 시 강막가정을 적용한 모델의 횡변위 응답은 실제 거동과 무시할 수 없는 차이를 발생함으로 휨강성을 포함한 바닥판의 모형화 여부가 구조물의 거동에 어떠한 영향을 미치는가에 대한 연구가 요구된다. 전형적인 15층 판상형 전단벽식 아파트를 예제구조물로 선정하여 MIDAS-ADS2008 프로그램을 이용하여 강막가정을 적용한 RD모델, 바닥판을 모형화하여 면외 강성을 고려한 DB모델 그리고 면내외 강성을 고려한 SRC모델을 대상으로 해석하였다. KBC2005 기준을 이용하여 등가정적해석과 응답스팩트럼 해석에 의한 지진하중에 대한 3개의 모델의 응답을 비교분석하였다. 바닥판의 강성비를 10%, 30% 및 50% 삼단계로 적용하여 각 단계별 비교 값으로 각 모델의 횡적거동의 차이를 분석하였다.

• Steel and Composite Structures
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• 제3권4호
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• pp.261-275
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• 2003

Truss members built-up with double angles back-to-back have monosymmetric cross-section and twisting always accompanies flexion upon the onset of buckling about the axis of symmetry. Approximate formulae for calculating the buckling capacity are presented in this paper for routine design purpose. For a member susceptible only to flexural buckling, its optimal cross-section should consist of slender plate elements so as to get larger radius of gyration. But, occurrence of twisting changes the situation owing to the weakness of thin plates in resisting torsion. Criteria for limiting the leg slenderness are discussed herein. Truss web members in compression are usually considered as hinged at both ends for out-of-plane buckling. In case one (or both) end of member is not supported laterally by bracing member, its adjoining members have to provide an elastic support of adequate stiffness in order not to underdesign the member. The stiffness provided by either compression or tension chords in different cases is analyzed, and the effect of initial crookedness of compression chord is taken into account. Formulae are presented to compute the required stiffness of chord member and to determine the effective length factor for inadequately constrained compressive diagonals.

• 콘크리트학회논문집
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• 제22권2호
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• pp.187-197
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• 2010

본 연구에서는 성능기반설계를 위한 기둥의 주철근비에 대하여 연구하였다. 일률적인 현행 설계기준과 달리, 다양한 기둥의 설계변수를 고려하여 기둥의 주철근을 정의하였다. 기둥의 최소철근비는 다음의 2 가지 사항을 고려하여 평가하였다; 1) 사용상태에서 콘크리트의 장기변형에 의한 철근의 조기항복 방지; 2) 내진설계시 기둥의 연성능력을 확보하기 위해 균열모멘트 이상의 극한휨강도 확보. 배근상태와 하중조건에 따른 기둥의 유효강성도 강도설계시 추가적으로 고려하였으며, 3 가지 사항을 고려한 주철근비 결정방법을 제안하였다. 제안된 방법은 설계예제에 적용되었다.

• Steel and Composite Structures
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• 제26권2호
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• pp.151-161
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• 2018

The application of carbon fiber reinforced polymer (CFRP) composites for rehabilitation of steel structures has become vital in recent years. This paper presents an experimental program and a finite element (FE) modelling approach to study the effectiveness of CFRP patch for repair of notch damaged circular hollow sectional (CHS) steel beams. The proposed modeling approach is unique because it takes into account the orthotropic behavior and stacking sequence of composite materials. Parametric study was conducted to investigate the effect of initial damage (i.e., notch depth) on flexural performance of the notched beams and effectiveness of the repair system using the validated FE models. Results demonstrated the ability of CFRP patch to repair notched CHS steel beams, restoring them to their original flexural stiffness and strength. The effect of composite patch repair technique on post-elastic stiffness was more pronounced compared to the elastic stiffness. Composite patch repair becomes more effective when the level of initial damage of beam increases.

• Steel and Composite Structures
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• 제34권2호
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• pp.299-308
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• 2020

This study aims to carry out the experimental and numerical investigation on the flexural behavior of sandwich honeycomb composite (SHC) beams reinforced with novel triaxially woven fabric composite skins. Different stacking sequences of the carbon fiber reinforcement polymer (CFRP) laminate; i.e., 0°-direction of TW (TW0), 0°-direction of UD (UD0), and 90°-direction of UD (UD90) were studied, from which the flexural behavior of SHC beam behaviors reinforced with TW0/UD0 or TW0/UD90 novel laminated skins were compared with those reinforced with UD0/90 conventional laminated skins under four-point loading. Generally, TW0/UD0 SHC beams displayed the same flexural stiffness as UD0/90 SHC beams in terms of load-deflection relationships. In contrast, TW0/UD90 SHC beams showed a 70% lower efficiency than those of UD0/90 SHC. Hence, the TW0/UD0 laminate arrangement is more effective with a mass reduction of 39% compared with UD0/90 for SHC beams, although their stiffness and shear strength are practically identical.

• Structural Engineering and Mechanics
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• 제38권4호
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• pp.459-477
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• 2011

Due to the low elastic modulus of FRP, concrete members reinforced with FRP rebars show greater deflections than members reinforced with steel rebars. Deflection is one of the important factors to consider the serviceability of horizontal members. In this study flexural test of AFRP reinforced concrete beams was performed considering reinforcement ratio and compressive strength as parameters. The test results indicated that flexural capacity and stiffness increase in proportion to the reinforcement ratio. The test results were compared with existing proposed equations for the effective moment of inertia including ACI 440. The most of the proposed equations were found to over-estimate the effective moment of inertia while the equation proposed by Bischoff and Scanlon (2007) most accurately predicted the values obtained through actual testing.

• 한국구조물진단유지관리공학회 논문집
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• 제15권2호
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• pp.161-169
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• 2011

본 연구에서는, 철근 밀집 감소, 노무비 및 보수 보강비 절약, 향상된 부식 저항성, 공기 단축 등의 장점을 가지고 있는 고성능 철근으로 휨 보강된 이방향 슬래브를 제작하고 구조실험을 실시하였다. 상부 휨철근비, 기둥 인접부 휨철근의 집중배근, 강섬유 보강 콘크리트의 타설을 변수로 하여 실험하였고, 펀칭 전단강도 및 균열후 강성을 일반 철근 및 GFRP bar로 휨 보강된 슬래브의 펀칭 전단실험 결과와 비교하였다. 또한, 휨철근의 변형률 분포 및 균열제어 효과 등을 비교, 분석하였고, 휨철근비 계산을 위한 유효폭 산정 방법을 검토하였다. 고성능 철근의 사용으로 펀칭 전단강도가 향상되었고, 휨 철근량을 감소시킬 수 있었다. 기둥 인접부 휨철근의 집중배근을 통해 철근비의 감소 때문에 작아진 강성을 회복시킬 수 있었고, 훌륭한 변형률 분포 및 균열제어 효과를 나타내었다. 또한, 기둥 인접부에 대한 강섬유 보강 콘크리트의 타설은 펀칭 전단강도의 증가와 균열 제어에 탁월한 효과를 보였다. 휨철근비 산정을 위한 유효폭은 기둥면으로부터 슬래브 두께의 2배 이상으로 확대하는 것이 합리적이라 판단된다.

• Structural Engineering and Mechanics
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• 제18권2호
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• pp.151-166
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• 2004

The interaction between concrete core expansion and deformation of perimeter ties has been known to have a significant effect on the effective confinement of rectangular reinforced concrete (RC) tied columns. This interaction produces passive confining pressure to the concrete core. Most existing models for determining the response of RC tied columns do not directly account for the influence of flexural stiffness of the ties and the variation of confining stress along the column height. This study presents a procedure for determining the confined compressive strength of RC square columns confined by rectilinear ties with various tie configurations considering directly the influence of flexural flexibility of the ties and the variation of confining stress along the vertical direction. The concept of area compatibility is employed to ensure compatibility of the concrete core and steel hoop in a global sense. The proposed procedure yields satisfactory predictions of confined strengths compared with experimental results, and the influence of tie flexibility, tie configuration and degree of confinement can be well captured.