• Magazine of the Korean Society of Agricultural Engineers
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• v.17 no.4
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• pp.3991-4000
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• 1975

It is the aim of this study to investigate the influence of the factors in the sprayer nozzle for the travelling distance and to get nozzle design data in relation to the nozz1e with and without swirl plate. The factors of sprayer nozzle are composed of the spraying pressure, the helical angle of swirl plate, the helical groove depth of swirl plate, the distance of vortex chamber the slope of nozz1e cap, the curvature of nozzle cap and the hole diameter of nozz1e cap. The travelling distance and the size of sprayed particle are experimeted indoors by the factorial arrange-ment according to the 5 each level of the above factors. The results of this stupy are summarized as follows; 1. In the nozzle with swirl p1ate there were remarkable significance among factors each other, while without swirl plate were no significance. 2. The helical angle and groove depth in the nozzle with swirl plate were the highest effective factors. The effect of helical angle was very remarked in the quadratic curve with minium value. 3. The correlation betweenthe travelling distance and the sprayed particle size was no high and under 250 micron in the case with swirl plate, and there was higher correlation in the case without swirl plate. 4. The new ideal development of the swirl plate using of the most effective helical angle and groove depth will probably show the possiblities to make effective travelling distance over 8 meters and more over and to make average particle diameter under 300 micron.

• Proceedings of the KSR Conference
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• 2002.10a
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• pp.253-258
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• 2002

The Incheon International Amort Railroad (IIAR) is the railroad that connects Incheon International Airport, Gimpo Airport and Seoul Station. IIAR is now under construction, and it will be finished to Gimpo Amort by 2006, to Seoul Station by 2008. But IIAR is not only so late to start but also has no discussion about effective connecting methods to existing railroads and fine operation plan. Therefore, after IIAR opens, it is possible for IIAR to lose to limousine bus using highway. So, this paper proposes 4 effective connecting methods for IIAR - (1) Shuttle transport, (2) Short-distance connecting transport (Inside IIAR, Seoul Subway Line 9, 'Han-River line') (3) Mid-distance connecting transport (Jung-ang, Tae-baek, Young-dong line) (4) Long-distance connecting transport (Korean Train express (korean high speed railroad)) These methods can increase the connectivity of IIAR with existing railroads and the competition power of IIAR against highway.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Safety
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• v.14 no.2
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• pp.109-115
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• 1999

The release of gas from the LPG storage tank by the rupture or leakage can occure explosion and this causes serious damage to people and structures. In this study, the explosion effect and damaging distance were measured for the LPG cloud explosion to perform the quantitative risk assessment for the PSM, and the effective parameters on the explosion were found. The gas dispersion and mass contaminant in the explosion limits were calculated by using DEGADIS, and it was converted to TNT equivalency and damaging distance. As a result, the wind speed was the most effective parameter on the diffusion rate and TNT equivalency, and the damaging distance were increased with decrease of wind speed and surface roughness.

• International Journal of Contents
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• v.5 no.4
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• pp.51-54
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• 2009

In huge video databases, the effective video content indexing method is required. While manual indexing is the most effective approach to this goal, it is slow and expensive. Thus automatic indexing is desirable and recently various indexing tools for video databases have been developed. For efficient video content indexing, the similarity measure is an important factor. This paper presents new similarity measures between frames and proposes a new algorithm to index video content using Kullback-Leibler distance defined between two histograms. Experimental results show that the proposed algorithm using Kullback-Leibler distance gives remarkable high accuracy ratios compared with several conventional algorithms to index video content.

• Transactions of the Korean Society of Automotive Engineers
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• v.4 no.3
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• pp.83-91
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• 1996

This paper investigates the energy absorption characteristics of thin-walled rectangular tubes. In the compact mode, the crushing process of a thin-walled tube is analyzed into 3 parts by the ratio of outward to inward fold length. The mean crush load and the half-wave folding length are determined by using minimum energy principle. The effective crush distance can be determined when half-wave folding length is known, and the number of folds is derived when crush distance is given. Thus when the crush distance is given, energy absorption capacity can be estimated with mean crush load and number of folds. And the theoretical value is proven experimentally.

• International Journal of Internet, Broadcasting and Communication
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• v.13 no.4
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• pp.129-134
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• 2021

Since the first semester of 2020, domestic and overseas universities mostly provided untact online classes and limitedly provided face-to-face classes due to COVID-19 in operating courses. The convergence subjects provided in undergraduate courses attach importance to contents-centered, design-based, hands-on education, and field experience. In the situation where online education was not revitalized, instructors in charge of convergence subjects had difficulty in developing online class materials, and students' satisfaction with the classes was not high. Especially, a problem was raised that students taking the convergence subjects that included practice had difficulty in communicating with the instructors. We would investigate the present condition of distance learning in domestic universities, which came suddenly due to the global pandemic of infectious disease and make suggestions for effective distance learning in the coming era of Metaverse by emphasizing the interaction and communication between instructors and learners through an analysis of distance learning of a convergence subject.

• Journal of the Korea Institute of Information and Communication Engineering
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• v.13 no.5
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• pp.959-966
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• 2009

Effective transmission distance depending on transmission capacity of WDM systems with inline dispersion management (DM) and optical phase conjugator (OPC) at middle of total transmission length is investigated. The range of net residual dispersion (NRD) resulting 1 dB eye opening penalty (EOP) in 1 Tbps WDM system, in which NRD controlled by only postcompensation, is also investigated. It is confirmed that effective transmission distances are increasedto longer than several hundreds kilometers by applying optimal NRD depending on transmission capacity and distance. And it is confirmed that in 1 Tbps WDM system if NRD is determined to +17 ps/nm, the maximum transmission distance is achieved, and, especially, in long-haul 1 Tbps WDM system the effective NRD range will be determined within positive value.

• Magazine of the Korean Society of Agricultural Engineers
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• v.17 no.2
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• pp.3758-3762
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• 1975

In order to find out the optimum size of nozzle of the power sprayer in the paddy field, four different sized hole of nozzles were tested on its discharge volume per unit time and its effective covering distance. 1. The discharge rate of each nozzle is proportional to square root of the transmitted internal pressure of liquid, and the discharge coefficient ranges from 0.82 to 0.86 at the pressure of 20 to 30 kg/$\textrm{cm}^2$. 2. The effective covering distance is increased as the size of the hole is larded and also the pressure is increased under under the limited pressure. Generally, the effective covering distance is not greatly increased at the pressure of above 25kg/$\textrm{cm}^2$. The distance from the nozzle to the spot where the largest amount of droplets are dropped is about 14.5m for 3.05mm nozzle and 16m for 4.05mm nozzle in the pressure range from 20 to 25kg/$\textrm{cm}^2$. 3. From the above results it is concluded that the 3mm nozzle with the power sprayers, which are now being supplied to the farmers, can be used for disease and insect control on the paddy field of which block size is 30m${\times}$100m, and operators need not to enter the field for spraying. For the 40m${\times}$100m block, 4mm nozzle should be used with large size of pump which discharge capacity is 60l/min or more.

• Journal of the Korean Statistical Society
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• v.25 no.1
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• pp.145-151
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• 1996

The local behaviour of the surface formed by the perturbed maximum likelihood estimator of the squared Mahalanobis distance is investigated. The study of the local behaviour allows a simultaneous perturbation on the samples of interest and it is effective in identifying influential observations.

• Journal of Broadcast Engineering
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• v.27 no.7
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• pp.974-984
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• 2022

In this paper, we introduce the minimum and maximum distance setting methods used in geometric distance attenuation processing, which is one of spatial sound reproduction methods. In general, sound attenuation by distance is inversely proportional to distance, that is 1/r law, but when the relative distance between the user and the audio object is very short or long, exceptional processing might be performed by setting the minimum distance or the maximum distance. While MPEG-I Immersive Audio's RM0 uses fixed values for the minimum and maximum distances, this study proposes effective methods for setting the distances considering the signal gain of an audio object. Proposed methods were verified through simulation of the proposed methods and experiments using RM0 renderer.