• The Korean Journal of Emergency Medical Services
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• v.14 no.2
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• pp.41-55
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• 2010

Objective : This study is designed to present the direction and the necessity of education on the biomedical ethics the establish desirable ethical view of paramedic students by understanding on the consciousness of students of department of emergency medical technology on biomedical ethics on euthanasia. Method : Data were collected from on 335 students of department of emergency medical technology in 4-year-college located in districts of Chungcheong-do, from March 4 to April 22, 2010. The questionnaire consisted of total 29 items, i.e., 11 items of general characteristics, 11 items of characteristics related to biomedical ethics and 7 items of consciousness on euthanasia. Result : In general characteristics, the first grade showed the most dense distribution of 37.3%, the second grade was 20.0%, the third grade was 20.9% and the fourth grade was 21.8%. In the consciousness of biomedical ethics on euthanasia, the third and the fourth grades showed a higher ratio(${\chi}^2$ = 136.327, p= .000), in comparison with the first and the second grades, the higher year they were, the higher degree of consciousness they had. The consciousness on each item of euthanasia showed significant differences in grade (F = 8.203, p= .000), experience of clinical practice or none (t = 3.731, p= .000), experience of biomedical ethics education or none (t = 1.997, p = .047) and degree of consciousness on DNR (F = 8.240, p = .000) regarding 'CPR shall not be required in any cases if a patient wants DNR', in experience of biomedical ethics education or none (t = 2.452, p= .015) and degree of consciousness on DNR (F = 2.725, p = .044) regarding if a patient refuses all treatments, the patient's opinion shall be respected', and in degree of consciousness on DNR (F = 2.858, p = . 037) regarding 'after determination of DNR, if the family wants a positive treatment, it shall follow the family's request'. Conclusion : It seemed that the differences in consciousness according to grade and experience of clinical practice were influenced by experiences to treat patients in personally. Moreover, it showed that the higher grade they are, the more experience of education they have, the experiences of education had influences on the consciousness. Development of educational programs is required in order to supply accurate knowledge on biomedical ethics for euthanasia to lower-grade students the to let them establish ethical views properly, and in order to correct wrong knowledge and to establish ethical views while supplying knowledge on biomedical ethics for euthanasia to higher-grade students.

• The Journal of Art Theory & Practice
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• no.9
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• pp.59-91
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• 2010

The Bauhaus educational method gave the strong influences on Modern Japanese art and design education. In the 1920s and 1930s, Japan allied with Germany and Italy politically and tried to receive German system to be modernized. The reception of the Bauhaus and Moholy-Nagy's photographic theory was one of those activities at that time. Japanese intellectual class went to the Bauhaus and studied there; Ishimoto Kikuchi, Nakata Sadanosuke, Mijutani Takehiko, Yamawaki Iwao and Yamawaki Michiko(Yamawaki Iwao's wife). Especially, Yamawaki Iwao studied about the architecture at the Bauhaus, but his interest moved toward the photography and the photomontage based on Moholy-Nagy's theory. He studied at the photography workshop of the Bauhaus presented by Peterhans irregularly. Even though Yamawaki Iwao was an architect, he wanted to be admitted as an expert for the photomontage that he particularly studied at the Bauahus as a Bauhaus member. He had presented many articles about the photomontage at the photography magazines in Japan in order to introduce it to Japan since he returned in 1933. Thus, Yamawaki Iwao is the important person when we look back the Modern Japanese design and art history. In Japan, the art and design systems are managed by the Bauhaus educational system until now, and it has become a kind of cultural legacy in Modern Japan; The university of Tama and The university of Tsukuba are the representative educational systems which are based on the Bauhaus legacy. However, Yamawaki Iwao had been concealed as a photographer in Japanese design and photography history until the retrospective discuss named by 'Bauhaus syashin(Bauhaus Photographies)' at the photography magazine, Deja-vu in 1995 and the retrospective exhibition titled as 'Bauhaus syashin(bauahustofografie)' in 1997. This study rethinks of Yamawaki Iwao's historical position while looking at the term as 'Bauhaus Syashin(Bauhaus Photographies)' used in Japan. It is very important to bear in mind Moholy-Nagy's wide variety of approaches to photography at the Bauhaus, but it is impossible to name it 'Bauhaus style'. 'Bauhaus style' is the international style in architecture, but that was never a Bauhaus style in photography. Eugene J. Prakapas indicated that the vague term of 'Bauhaus Photographies' in his article in 1985 as well. This study considers the historical background for the mistake of the term of 'Bauhaus Syashin(Bauhaus Photographies)' in Modern Japanese history, while looking at Yamawaki Iwao's photomontage faintly entering on the historical stage again to discuss the reception of the photomontage from him. In particular, Some of Yamawaki Iwao's photomontage presented as the wall photography in Japan during the Second World War, that was related to the propaganda of Japanese government. It had not been known well in the modern Japanese art and design history because it was related to a declaration of the Second World War by Japan. However, the historical position of his photomontage is very important for Japanese history when we rethink of the reception of the Bauhaus and Moholy-Nagys' photographic theory to build up the Japanese modern history. In the result, this study wants to discuss that the mistake of the term of 'Bauhaus syashin(Bauhaus Photographies)' in Japan is related to the interpretation for the the historical position for Yamawaki Iwao's photomontage in the reception of Bauhaus and Moholy-Nagy's photography in Japan.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Landscape Architecture
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• v.38 no.5
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• pp.64-79
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• 2010

Students with intellectual disabilities typically have great difficulties communicating their needs and wants and may get frustrated, anxious or show signs of aggressive behaviour. They are often unable to understand the concept of relationships with other people as well. This lack of social communication and interaction leads to poor motivation which increases other areas of difficulty in their lives. Therefore, to teach students with intellectual disabilities, it is essential to find special teaching methods to support their positive behavior. This paper proposes that special educational curriculum for students with intellectual impairments utilize natural environments(forests) and materials. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of Educational Programs Utilizing Forests on maladjusted behavior of students with mental retardation and to examine the positive effects of such planning practices. The subjects were middle school students who attended a special school for mentally-retarded students. They were divided into two separate groups- an experimental group and a control group. All subjects received the pre and post test using the same method. This program was applied to the formal educational process of middle school from March 1st to October 30th, 2009. In this experiment the results indicate that the effect of using a natural environment(forest) and the materials within a formal educational curriculum was positive as a type of horticultural therapy and that it supports positive behavior strategies in students with intellectual impairments. The usage of various natural materials including plants and flowers within the natural environments provide students with increased opportunities to participate. Teaching methods including natural materials help teachers engage with their students more easily during routine activities as their interest is already stimulated. This project will help students with intellectual impairments to build skills which enable effective participation and increase independence throughout their lives. This should be embedded into both routine and planned activities of the classroom Also, it offers a needed interior plan for the treatment space through an analysis of psychological factors of how the environment affects students.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Costume
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• v.21
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• pp.177-192
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• 1993

The purpose of this study is to present de-sign development and constructive method on man's Hanbok which can be put on daily-life clothing through supplementing the incon-venience of HanBok and to make men put on daily-life-HanBok through making the HanBok ready-made clothing which has lower-price. The concrete test and its process on devel-oped design are below. (1) In present there are five uncomfortable point waist closing baji's slitting and daenim (2) Developed the first design concentrating on uncomfortable parts with Korean costume-pattern (3) to supplement sleeve armhole and waist closing which are pointed out as the incon-venience at first design development did the second design development. The results through research and process are below. (1) In the functional test of testing clothing a testee is satisfied with jegory's closing at 87. 5% with pocket at 100% and with baji's front closing and daenim (2) The opinion of an observer on daily-life Hanbok is an affirmative response as following turns: traditional aspect practical use and aesthetic aspect. (3) Analyzing the relations between the characters of daily-life hanbok and the popu-lation density variables results are the popu-lation density variable results are followed below. Man has highe points than woman on asthetic and economical aspect. In preferences as educational levels more-educated person has an affirmative response on keeping traditions. In jobs students and white-collar people have affirmative responses on traditions. (4) What one wants to wear the most is the fourth Hanbok(mixing western and Korean costume style with Korean costume fabrics) and daily-life Hanbok with western costume fabrics has 51.8% preferences of responsers. With those results man's daily-life HanBok made through the first and the second design development lessens the inconvenience of Hanbok with some degrees. Also if daily-life Hanbok design continue to be developed through using Korean costume fabrics and western costume fabrics people can easily by functional and practical daily-life Hanbok because it can be massproduced.

• International Commerce and Information Review
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• v.9 no.2
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• pp.103-120
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• 2007

The knowledge based economy requires more and more people to learn new knowledge and skills in a timely and effective manner. These needs and new technology such as computer and Internet are fueling a transition in e-learning. According to specialist's opinion, imagination experience studying is generalized, and learning environment that language barrier by studying, multi-language studying Machine that experience past things that disappear through simulation, and travel area, and experience future changed state disappears is forecasting to come. This is previewing finally that it may become future education that education and IT, element of entertainment is combined. Already, became story that argument for party satellite of e-Learning existence passes one season already. e-Learning is utilized already in all educations that we touch by effectiveness by corporation's competitive power improvement and implement of lifelong education in educational institutions through present e-Learning. It is obvious that when see from our viewpoint which is defining e-Learning by one industry and rear by application to education as well as one new growth power about these, e-Learning industry becomes very important means that can solve dilemma of growth real form. Only, special quality of digital industry that e-Learning is being same with other digital industry and repeat putting out a fire rapidly, and is repeating sudden change that these evolution is not gradual growth of accumulation and improvement of technology that is appearing consider need to. In the meantime, we need to observe about evolution of Information Technology. Because there is some scholars who e-Learning's concept foresees to evolve by u-Learning.(although, a person who see that these concept is not more in marketing terminology by some scholars' opinion is). This u-Learning's concept means e-Learning that take advantage of ubiquitous technology as Ubiquitous-Learning's curtailment speech. Ubiquitous, user means Information-Communication surrounding that can connect to network freely regardless of place without feeling network or computer. There is controversy about introduction time regarding these direction, but e-Learning is judged to evolve by u-Learning necessarily. Because keep in step and age that study all contents that learner wants under environment of 3A (any time, any whrer, any device) by individual order thoroughly is foreseen to come in ubiquitous learning environment that approach more festinately.

• Journal of Digital Convergence
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• v.18 no.3
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• pp.325-332
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• 2020

Most of the games developed or marketed in the Chinese game market are developed and serviced in foreign countries or are produced in Korea (China) and marketed as services of foreign game companies. If China wants to become the world's game development powerhouse, I think that professional education in multiple methods is the top priority. In particular, I think that a specialized game design department is necessary at a university in China. In this paper, we investigate the game design departments of universities in the United States and the game development powers in South Korea and the Korean game development powers to analyze the educational system of the game design department. Through comparative analysis, a Chinese university finds the necessary elements when establishing a new game design department, and trains advanced game developers in the game field at the Chinese Department of Digital Media Arts. If this study is helpful to the game education in China, it will be studied in the future for the master's program and the doctoral program.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.8 no.3
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• pp.156-172
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• 2008

The point of departure is the Popularity of the electronic games among the youth generation. This study attempts to make up a questionnaire containing the questions which are intended for the youth generation realistically and at the same time in a meaningful way pedagogically. Any researcher who wants to understand the youth culture at the present time is necessary to approach the youth generation in a positive attitude of learning, so asking the questions to the youth generation is as important as having the answers. That is to say, this paper is not a statistical analysis of the questionnaire, nor a empirical research of youth's reception of the electronic games. Now that the emphasis of the paper is located on the very way of approaching the youth generation concerning the electronic games, this study starts with the university students in the first place because they are in a more advantageous milieu for conversation in the classroom on the subject. To be sure, this study will be able to cover the whole area of primary, junior or senior high-school by way of some modifications. Conclusively, this paper aims at providing with practical ideas of teaching, which immediately can be appropriated into the classroom by the teachers in the actual field, and drawing attention to the potential educational contents of the cultural products. Furthermore, the questionnaire proposed in the paper is meant for the first step towards the aesthetics of the electronic games with a view to the game-imagination.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.22 no.5
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• pp.343-353
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• 2021

Historical dramas are changing in response to the public who wants more dramatic development, and historical costumes are also expressed in a modern sense. The purpose of this study is to examine the modernization of historical costumes in historical dramas and how the modernization of historical costumes in historical dramas is fostered from the learner's point of view with suggesting implications. As a result of this study, first, the essential problem with the modernization of historical costumes was the excessive modern transformation that undermines historical facts in historical dramas. Second, the negative perceptions of the modernization of historical costumes in historical dramas included the loss of the unique Korean identity, decreased immersion in drama, and the educational influence of media. Positive perceptions focused on the increased interest through raising awareness of traditional culture, compromises on changes in the times, and increased visual play of the public. Third, the implications of the modernization of historical costumes in historical dramas require the awareness improvement of participants in historical drama and a thorough preliminary investigation by the costume designer on the historical costume, an in-depth study of traditional costumes, a systematic educational approach, viewers' attention, and government effort.

• Journal of Practical Engineering Education
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• v.14 no.1
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• pp.1-10
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• 2022

Learning C programming language in electronics education is an important basic education course for understanding computer programming and acquiring the ability to use microprocessors in embedded systems. In order to focus on understanding basic grammar and algorithms, it is a common teaching method to write programs based on C standard library functions in the console window and learn theory and practice in parallel. However, if a student wants to start a project activity or go to a deeper stage after acquiring some basic knowledge of the C language, using only the C standard library function in the console window limits what a student can express or control with the C program. For the purpose of making it easier for a student to use graphics or multimedia resources and increase educational value, this paper studies a case of applying Simple DirectMedia Layer (SDL), an open source software, into the C programming language learning process. The SDL-based programming course applied after completing the basic programming curriculum performed in the console window is introduced, and the educational value is evaluated through a survey. As a result, more than 56% of the respondents expressed positive opinions in terms of improved application ability, stimulating interest, and overall usefulness, and less than 4% of them had negative opinions.

• Journal of Korean Society of Forest Science
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• v.53 no.1
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• pp.56-61
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• 1981

Total 183 private forest owners in Chungnam-Do were surveyed in order to analyse the attitudes toward cooperative forest management and to find out the relationship of the attitudes with such socio-economic variables as owners' socio-economic status(SES), age and educational level. Major findings of the study are summarized as follows:- 1. Only 17.5 percent of the owners regards the cooperative management as a desirable alternative for the management of private forests. Significant difference of their attitudes is recognized only among the classes of the educational level. 2. About one-third of the owners wishes to participate to a cooperative, if established. The owners' intention of participating is positively related to the degree of S.E.S. and educational level, but negatively associated with that of age variable, and the differences among the classes of all variables are significant at the 0.01 or 0.05 levels. 3. More than half of the owners desires to have limited cooperatives, in which the members themselves manage their forest land with some management aspects being handled by the cooperative such as procurement of seedlings, protection measures, and marketing. The difference of responses among the classes of educational level is significant at the 0.01 level. 4. The owners, who agree with the idea of voluntary membership in the cooperative, are about 45 percent of the total. Significant difference is found only among the classes of the S.E.S. variable. 5. Nearly 60 percent of the owners wants to have self-help cooperative organizations. Significant difference of responses is recognized only among the classes of the age variable.