• 제목/요약/키워드: Edible insects

검색결과 77건 처리시간 0.021초

인류의 생존 위기 대응을 위한 양잠과 곤충 산업의 현황 (Current Status of Sericulture and Insect Industry to Respond to Human Survival Crisis)

  • 김아영;김기영;최희정;박현우;고영호
    • 한국응용곤충학회지
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    • 제61권4호
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    • pp.605-614
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    • 2022
  • 인류는 기후변화와 인구 구성 비율의 급격한 노령화 라는 두 가지 커다란 생존을 위협하는 문제점에 직면해 있다. 기후변화는 경제 발전과 운송 수단의 발달로 화석 연료 사용 증가에 따른 대기 중 온실가스 농도가 증가한 결과이고, 인구 구성 비율의 노령화는 선진국의 의 생명과학 기술 발전과 개인 위생의 증진으로 기대 수명이 증가한 결과이다. 돌이킬 수 없는 전 지구적인 기후변화를 피하기 위해서는 빠른 기간 내에 온실 가스의 배출이 없는 탄소 제로 경제로 전환을 해야 한다. 이 목표를 달성하기 위해서는 농업 중 온실가스의 발생이 가장 많은 낙농축산업을 저탄소 경영방식으로 전환하고 동시에 소비자들의 저탄소 식품들에 대한 인식의 변화가 필요하다. 현재 지구상 이용 가능 초지 중 77%가 가축용 사료 재배에 활용되지만, 인간이 섭취하는 전체 단백질의 37%와 총 열량의 18%만이 낙농축산업에서 얻어질 뿐이다. 그러므로, 가축보다 온실가스 배출량, 물의 사용량이 적고, 사육 공간이 작아도 되며 사료전환율이 높은 식용 곤충을 단백질원으로 활용해야 할 필요성이 있다. 이와 더불어 건강기능 증진 효과가 있다고 과학적으로 밝혀진 누에와 같은 곤충들의 기능성을 활용하여 현재 치료 방법이나 예방법이 확립되지 않은 퇴행성 질환들을 예방하고 치료를 촉진시킬 수 있는 기능성 식품 개발이 필요하다. 곤충은 동물 중 가장 오래 전에 지구상에 나타났고, 인간의 생존 유무와 상관없이 앞으로도 빠르게 진화를 하여 지구의 환경 변화에 적응하고 번성할 것이다. 그러므로, 다양한 식용 곤충과 누에를 포함한 약용 곤충을 이용한 산업은 현재 인류가 직면한 문제를 해결하여 미래에 인간이 지구에서 생존하고 번영할 수 있는 중요한 받침돌이 될 것이다.

SPME-GC/MS 이용 식용곤충 페이스트형 발효조미료의 향기성분분석 (Analysis of volatile compounds in fermented seasoning pastes using edible insects by SPME-GC/MS)

  • 조주형;조혜령;정장호
    • 한국식품과학회지
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    • 제50권2호
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    • pp.152-164
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    • 2018
  • 본 연구는 고단백질 식품원료인 식용곤충(Tenebrio molitor larva, Gryllus bimaculatus, Bombyx mori pupa)을 이용하여 대두 된장 가공방식을 접목시킨 페이스트형 발효조미료를 제조하였다. 이들 페이스트형 발효조미료의 휘발성 향기화합물들이 파악하기 위해 HS-SPME법에 의해 휘발성 화합물들을 추출한 후 성분들의 정성분석 및 특성을 확인하였다. 식용곤충 3종과 대두를 발효시킨 대두 된장(SBP)까지 총 4 종의 페이스트형 발효조미료 시료에서 정성된 휘발성 화합물은 총 121종이었으며 에스터류 11종, 알코올류 18종, 알데하이드류 23종, 산 5종, 피라진류 10종, 피리딘류 2종, 방향족 탄화수소류 7종, 케톤류 10종, 알케인류 19종, 아마이드류 9종, 퓨란류 4종 그리고 그 밖의 화합물 3종으로 검출되었다. 각 시료에 따른 휘발성 화합물의 경우 쌍별 귀뚜라미 페이스트형 발효조미료(GBP)의 경우 54종의 화합물, 번데기 페이스트형 발효조미료(SPP)의 경우 36종의 화합물, 갈색거저리 유충 페이스트형 발효조미료(TMP)의 경우 48종의 화합물이 검출 되었고, 대두 된장의 경우 총 55종의 화합물이 분석되었다. 또한 대두 된장과 식용곤충 페이스트형 발효조미료의 휘발성 향기성분의 차이와 소비자의 관능적 향의 선호성에 관한 연관성을 확인하기 위하여 부분 최소제곱 회귀분석(PLSR)을 실시하였다. SBP 시료의 경우 벤즈알데하이드, 헥산알, 노말펜탄알 등 알데하이드 화합물 계열이 향미 선호도에 긍정적인 역할을 하여 관능적 향미가 우수한 것으로 나타났으며, SPP 시료 역시 관능적 향미 선호도가 긍정적으로 나타났는데, 이 경우는 피라진 계열의 상관성이 높게 분석되었다. 반면 GBP의 경우 관능적 향미 선호도가 가장 낮았다. 이는 노말뷰틸아민, 다이메틸아세트알데하이드 등 암모니아 냄새를 내는 물질인 아마이드 계열의 관련성이 높게 확인되었고, TMP의 경우에도 이차뷰틸아민과 같은 암모니아 냄새가 나는 물질과 다른 시료와 다르게 일반적으로 생선과 같은 안좋은 불쾌한 향을 내는 물질로 알려져 있는 피리딘 계열이 존재하여 관능적 향미선호도가 부정적으로 나타났다. 본 연구에서 2,6-다이메틸피라진(py3), 트라이메틸피라진(py5)의 경우 전체적으로 모든 시료에서 높은 비중으로 분석이 되었고, 테트라메틸피라진(py8)의 경우 SPP와 SBP, TMP의 시료에서 가장 높은 비중을 차지하는 향기성분 중 하나로 확인이 되었는데, 이는 전통된장의 주요 향기성분으로 알려져 있어 식용곤충 페이스트 발효조미료의 경우 전통된장과 비슷한 향미 특성을 갖는 것으로 파악되었다. 이를 통해 장류 미생물을 이용하여 식용곤충을 된장 제조방식의 페이스트형 발효조미료를 제조할 경우 대두 된장 특유의 향미를 포함할 수 있지만, 원재료의 차이로 인해 각 시료간의 향미 특성 차이가 분명히 나타나는 것을 확인하였다. 또한, 각 시료의 전체적인 관능 선호도 특성에 향기성분의 상관성이 있는 것을 확인할 수 있었다. 이는 장류 미생물을 통해 다양한 휘발성 향미물질을 포함하는 식용곤충 페이스트형 발효조미료 제조 가능성을 확인 할 수 있었으며 원료와 제조법의 조합을 통해 더 많은 응용이 가능할 수 있을 것이다.

Physicochemical Properties of Meat Batter Added with Edible Silkworm Pupae (Bombyx mori) and Transglutaminase

  • Park, Yoo-Sun;Choi, Yun-Sang;Hwang, Ko-Eun;Kim, Tae-Kyung;Lee, Cheol-Won;Shin, Dong-Min;Han, Sung Gu
    • 한국축산식품학회지
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    • 제37권3호
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    • pp.351-359
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    • 2017
  • This study was conducted to investigate the physicochemical properties of meat batters prepared with fresh pork meat, back fat, water, and salt and formulated with three different amounts (5%, 10%, and 15%) of silkworm pupae (Bombyx mori) powder and transglutaminase (TG). Meat batters formulated with silkworm pupae powder showed significantly higher contents of protein and ash than control batter. Addition of silkworm pupae to batter also showed significantly lower cooking loss than the control. Moreover, meat batter containing 15% silkworm pupae showed no significant difference in redness value compared to the control. In addition, pH, viscosity, hardness, gumminess, and chewiness were improved after the addition of silkworm pupae. Furthermore, meat batter formulated with TG and silkworm pupae showed improved hardness, gumminess, chewiness and viscosity compared to control batter. Addition of 1% TG with 15% silkworm pupae to meat batter resulted in significantly higher pH, textures, and viscosity. Our data suggest that both silkworm pupae and TG can be added to meat batter to improve its physicochemical properties. Therefore, combination of silkworm pupae and TG could be a new nutritional and functional source for meat products.

Mature silkworm powder reduces blood alcohol concentration and liver injury in ethanol-treated rats

  • Lee, Da-Young;Hong, Kyung-Sook;Yun, Sun-Mi;Song, Moon-Young;Ji, Sang-Deok;Son, Jong-Gon;Kim, Eun-Hee
    • International Journal of Industrial Entomology and Biomaterials
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    • 제35권2호
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    • pp.123-128
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    • 2017
  • Hangover due to alcohol consumption causes social and physical problems. There is a growing interest in edible insects worldwide. We have previously published a new technology to make hard mature silkworm, Bombyx mori, into edible form, steamed and freeze-dried mature silkworm larval powder (SMSP). In this study, AIN-76 or SMSP (0.1 and 1 g/kg rat body weight) containing diets in SD rats were pretreated for 2 weeks, and ethanol (3 g/kg rat body weight) was administered as an oral gavage and sacrificed after 3 hours. As a result, blood alcohol and aldehyde levels were significantly decreased in SMSP fed rats. In addition, liver injury markers, alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and alkaline phosphatase (ALP) were significantly decreased in SMSP group compared to ethanol group. $TNF-{\alpha}$, an inflammatory cytokine, and malondialdehyde (MDA), an oxidative stress marker, also showed a dose-dependent decrease in the group receiving SMSP. Conclusively, consumption of SMSP not only reduced hangover induced by ethanol, but also decreased liver damage, oxidative stress, and inflammatory response.

Anti-obesity effects of Tenebrio molitor larvae powder in high-fat diet-induced obese mice

  • Park, Bo Mi;Lim, Hyung Ju;Lee, Bong Joo
    • Journal of Nutrition and Health
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    • 제54권4호
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    • pp.342-354
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    • 2021
  • Purpose: Obesity is a serious public health issue for the modern society and is considered a chronic health hazard. There are many surgical and pharmacological approaches to treat obesity. However, various potentially hazardous side effects remain the biggest challenge. Therefore, diets based on foods derived from natural products have gained increasing attention compared to anti-obesity drugs. Recently, research on edible insects as a food source has been a topic of considerable interest in the scientific communities. This study examined the anti-obesity effects of ingesting an edible insect by feeding a high-fat diet (HFD)-induced obese mouse models with a diet containing Tenebrio molitor larvae powder (TMLP). Methods: Six-week-old female C57BL/6J mice were divided into 4 groups according to treatment: 100% normal diet (ND), 100% HFD (HFD), HFD 99% + TMLP 1% (TMLP), and HFD 97% + TMLP 3% (TMLP 3%). TMLP was added to the HFD for 6 weeks for the latter two groups. Results: Compared to the HFD group, mice in the TMLP group showed weight loss, and micro-computed tomographic imaging revealed that the volume of the adipose tissue in the abdominal area also showed significant reduction. After an autopsy, the fat weight was found to be significantly reduced in the TMLP group compared to the HFD group. In addition, the degree of fat cell deposition in the liver tissue and the size of the adipocytes significantly decreased in the TMLP group. Reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction analysis for the mRNA expression of adipogenesis-related genes namely CCAAT-enhancer-binding proteins (C/EBP-β, C/EBP-δ), and fatty acid-binding protein 4 (FABP4) showed that the expression levels of these genes were significantly reduced in the TMLP group compared to the HFD group. Serum leptin level also decreased significantly in the TMLP group in the comparison with the HFD group. In addition, total cholesterol, triglyceride, and glucose levels in mouse serum also decreased in the TMLP group. Conclusion: Taken together, our results showed that TMLP effectively inhibited adipocyte growth and reduced body weight in obese mice.

Subacute Oral Toxicity Evaluation of Expanded-Polystyrene-Fed Tenebrio molitor Larvae (Yellow Mealworm) Powder in Sprague-Dawley Rats

  • Choi, Eun-Young;Lee, Jae-Han;Han, So-Hee;Jung, Gi-Hwan;Han, Eun-Ji;Jeon, Su-Ji;Jung, Soo-Hyun;Park, Jong-Uk;Park, Ji-Hoon;Bae, Yoon-Ju;Park, Eun-Soo;Jung, Ji-Youn
    • 한국축산식품학회지
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    • 제42권4호
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    • pp.609-624
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    • 2022
  • Tenebrio molitor larvae, as known as edible insects, has advantages of being rich in protein, and has been recognized as a suitable alternate protein source for broiler and pig feed. Moreover, given their ability to biodegrade polystyrene, a major pollutant, Tenebrio molitor larvae has been proposed as an innovative solution to environmental problems. In the present study, we investigated the toxicity of Tenebrio molitor larvae powder (TMlp) ingested with expanded-polystyrene (W/ eps) through in vitro and in vivo experiments. The objective of this study was to determine whether TMlp W/ eps can be applied as livestock alternative protein source. For in vitro experiments, cytotoxicity test was performed to investigate the effects of TMlp-extract on the viability of estrogen-dependent MCF-7 cells. The possibility of estrogen response was investigated in two groups: Expanded-polystyrene-fed (W/ eps) TMlp group and without expanded-polystyrene-fed (W/o eps) TMlp group. For in vivo experiments, The male Sprague-Dawley rats were divided based on the dosage of TMlp administered and oral administration was performed to every day for 5 weeks. A toxicological assessments were performed, which included clinical signs, food consumption, body and organ weights, hematology, serum chemistry, and hematoxylin and eosin staining of liver and kidney. There were no specific adverse effect of TMlp W/ eps-related findings under the experimental conditions of this study, but further studies on both sexes and animal species differences should be investigated. In conclusion, TMlp W/ eps was considered non-toxic and observed to be applicable as an alternative protein source for livestock feed.

Proximate Content Monitoring of Black Soldier Fly Larval (Hermetia illucens) Dry Matter for Feed Material using Short-Wave Infrared Hyperspectral Imaging

  • Juntae Kim;Hary Kurniawan;Mohammad Akbar Faqeerzada;Geonwoo Kim;Hoonsoo Lee;Moon Sung Kim;Insuck Baek;Byoung-Kwan Cho
    • 한국축산식품학회지
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    • 제43권6호
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    • pp.1150-1169
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    • 2023
  • Edible insects are gaining popularity as a potential future food source because of their high protein content and efficient use of space. Black soldier fly larvae (BSFL) are noteworthy because they can be used as feed for various animals including reptiles, dogs, fish, chickens, and pigs. However, if the edible insect industry is to advance, we should use automation to reduce labor and increase production. Consequently, there is a growing demand for sensing technologies that can automate the evaluation of insect quality. This study used short-wave infrared (SWIR) hyperspectral imaging to predict the proximate composition of dried BSFL, including moisture, crude protein, crude fat, crude fiber, and crude ash content. The larvae were dried at various temperatures and times, and images were captured using an SWIR camera. A partial least-squares regression (PLSR) model was developed to predict the proximate content. The SWIR-based hyperspectral camera accurately predicted the proximate composition of BSFL from the best preprocessing model; moisture, crude protein, crude fat, crude fiber, and crude ash content were predicted with high accuracy, with R2 values of 0.89 or more, and root mean square error of prediction values were within 2%. Among preprocessing methods, mean normalization and max normalization methods were effective in proximate prediction models. Therefore, SWIR-based hyperspectral cameras can be used to create automated quality management systems for BSFL.

식용곤충 연구 메타 분석 (A Meta Analysis of the Edible Insects)

  • 유옥경;진찬용;남수태;이현창
    • 한국정보통신학회:학술대회논문집
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    • 한국정보통신학회 2018년도 추계학술대회
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    • pp.182-183
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    • 2018
  • 빅데이터 분석은 데이터베이스에 잘 정리된 정형 데이터뿐만 아니라 인터넷, 소셜 네트워크 서비스, 모바일 환경에서 생성되는 웹 문서, 이메일, 소셜 데이터 등 비정형 데이터를 효과적으로 분석하는 기술을 말한다. 대부분의 빅데이터 분석 기술 방법들은 기존 통계학과 전산학에서 사용되던 데이터 마이닝, 기계 학습, 자연 언어 처리, 패턴 인식 등이 이에 해당된다. 본 연구에서는 빅데이터 분석도구인 소셜 메트릭스를 활용 식용곤충에 대한 메타분석을 진행하였다.

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기주식물별 풀무치의 영양성분 및 유해물질 비교분석 (Comparative Analysis of Nutrients and Hazardous Substances in Locusta Migratoria from Host Plants)

  • 김선영;곽규원;김은선;박관호;김낭희;송명하;김용순;윤형주
    • 한국환경농학회지
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    • 제39권3호
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    • pp.253-262
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    • 2020
  • BACKGROUND: It has been reported that the nutritional composition of Locusta migratoria (Orthoptera: Acrididae) changes nutrients depending on the host plants. In this study, to confirm whether Locusta migratoria is an edible insect, the nutrients and harmful substances such as heavy metals and pathogens were analyzed and compared according to corn (LC) or wheat (LW) as host plants. METHODS AND RESULTS: All experimental methods mainly referred to AOAC (2004). The content of crude protein per dry weight was 77.3% in (LW), 1.1 times higher than 69.8% in LC. Crude fat was 6.5% in LW, 2.2 times less than LC 14.3%. Alpha-linolenic acid, which has the highest content among unsaturated fatty acids, was 1.2 times higher in LC (39.9%) than LW (32.5%). As a result of analysis of harmful substances by LC and LW, lead and cadmium among heavy metals were at levels suitable for heavy metal standards of edible insects, and arsenic was not detected in both groups. E. coli and Salmonella spp. were not detected in both groups. CONCLUSION: When comparing the overall nutrients composition of LW and LC, it was confirmed nutrients are different depending on the host plants, and the safety was proved.