• 한국컴퓨터정보학회논문지
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• 제21권5호
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• pp.31-40
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• 2016

In this paper, we analyse the characteristics of the edge image and propose a new entropy coding optimized to the compression of the edge image. The pixel values of the edge image have the Gaussian distribution around '0', and most of the pixel values are '0'. By using this analysis, the Zero Block technique is utilized in spatial domain. And the Intra Prediction Mode of the edge image is similar to the mode of the surrounding blocks or likely to be the Planar Mode or the Horizontal Mode. In this paper, we make use of the MPM technique that produces the Intra Prediction Mode with high probability modes. By utilizing the above properties, we design a new entropy coding method that is suitable for edge image and perform the compression. In case the existing compression techniques are applied to edge image, compression ratio is low and the algorithm is complicated as more than necessity and the running time is very long, because those techniques are based on the natural images. However, the compression ratio and the running time of the proposed technique is high and very short, respectively, because the proposed algorithm is optimized to the compression of the edge image. Experimental results indicate that the proposed algorithm provides better visual and PSNR performance up to 11 times than the JPEG.

• 대한전기학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한전기학회 2006년도 심포지엄 논문집 정보 및 제어부문
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• pp.12-14
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• 2006

This paper presents a novel scene change detection method using intra prediction mode and edge direction in H.264/AVC. When scene change occurs, there are less temporal correlation between frames, most of macro-blocks encoded in intra mode. Using this property, the method calculates the percentage of intra mode blocks in each predictive frame in order to get candidates of scene change frame. To further find scene change, we obtain edge histogram of each candidates by using eight prediction direction of intra prediction mode in H.264/AVC. We detect scene change frames with $\iota^1$-norm of edge histograms. The experimental results show that the method is efficient and robust.

• 한국연소학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국연소학회 2006년도 제33회 KOSCO SYMPOSIUM 논문집
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• pp.65-72
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• 2006

Experiments in methane-air low strain rate counterflow diffusion flames diluted with nitrogen have been conducted to study the behavior of flame extinction and edge flame oscillation in which flame length is less than the burner diameter and thus lateral conduction heat loss in addition to radiative heat loss could be remarkable at low global strain rates. Critical mole fraction at flame extinction is examined with velocity ratio and global strain rate. Onset conditions of edge flame oscillation and flame oscillation modes are also provided with global strain rate and added nitrogen mole fraction to fuel stream (fuel Lewis number). It is seen that flame length is closely relevant to lateral heat loss, and this affects flame extinction and edge flame oscillation considerably. Edge flame oscillations in low strain rate flames are experimentally described well and are categorized into three: a growing oscillation mode, a decaying oscillation mode, and a harmonic oscillation mode. The regime of flame oscillation is also provided at low strain rate flames. Important contribution of lateral heat loss even to edge flame oscillation is clarified.

• Ocean Systems Engineering
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• 제2권2호
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• pp.137-145
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• 2012

Recent developments in underwater image recognition methods have received large attention by the ocean engineering researchers. In this paper, an improved bi-dimensional empirical mode decomposition (BEMD) approach is employed to decompose the given underwater image into intrinsic mode functions (IMFs) and residual. We developed a joint algorithm based on BEMD and Canny operator to extract multi-pixel edge features at multiple scales in IMFs sub-images. So the multiple pixel edge extraction is an advantage of our approach; the other contribution of this method is the realization of the bi-dimensional sifting process, which is realized utilizing regional-based operators to detect local extreme points and constructing radial basis function for curve surface interpolation. The performance of the multi-pixel edge extraction algorithm for processing underwater image is demonstrated in the contrast experiment with both the proposed method and the phase congruency edge detection.

• 대한기계학회논문집B
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• 제30권10호
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• pp.996-1002
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• 2006

Experiments in methane-air low strain rate counterflow diffusion flames diluted with nitrogen have been conducted to study the behavior of flame extinction and edge flame oscillation in which flame length is less than the burner diameter and thus lateral conduction heat loss in addition to radiative heat loss could be remarkable at low global strain rates. Critical mole fraction at flame extinction is examined with velocity ratio and global strain rate. Onset conditions of edge flame oscillation and flame oscillation modes are also provided with global strain rate and added nitrogen mole fraction to fuel stream (fuel Lewis number). It is seen that flame length is closely relevant to lateral heat loss, and this affects flame extinction and edge flame oscillation considerably. Edge flame oscillations in low strain rate flames are experimentally described well and are categorized into three: a growing oscillation mode, a decaying oscillation mode, and a harmonic oscillation mode. The regime of flame oscillation is also provided at low strain rate flames. Important contribution of lateral heat loss even to edge flame oscillation is clarified

• 한국전산유체공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국전산유체공학회 2009년 춘계학술대회논문집
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• pp.43-50
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• 2009

In order to reduce the download around Smart UAV(SUAV) at hovering and transition mode, flow control using synthetic jet has been performed. Many of the complex tilt rotor flow features are captured including wing leading and trailing edge separation, and the large region of separated flow beneath the wing. First, in order to control the trailing edge separation, synthetic jet is located at 30, 95% of flap chord length. The flow control using synthetic jet on flap shows that stall characteristics depending on several mode can be improved through separation vortices resizing. Also, a flap jet and a 0.01c jet which control the separation efficiently are applied at the same time at each test case because controlling the leading edge separation is essential for download reduction. As a result, time averaged download is reduced about 18% comparing with no control case at hovering mode and 48% at transition mode. These research results show that if flow control using leading edge jet and trailing edge jet is used effectively to the SUAV in overall flight mode, flight performance and stability can be improved.

• International Journal of Naval Architecture and Ocean Engineering
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• 제4권3호
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• pp.267-280
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• 2012

An approximate method based on an assumed mode method has been presented for the free vibration analysis of a rectangular plate with arbitrary edge constraints. In the presented method, natural frequencies and their mode shapes of the plate are calculated by solving an eigenvalue problem of a multi-degree-of-freedom system matrix equation derived by using Lagrange's equations of motion. Characteristic orthogonal polynomials having the property of Timoshenko beam functions which satisfies edge constraints corresponding to those of the objective plate are used. In order to examine the accuracy of the proposed method, numerical examples of the rectangular plates with various thicknesses and edge constraints have been presented. The results have shown good agreement with those of other methods such as an analytic solution, an approximate solution, and a finite element analysis.

• 한국소음진동공학회논문집
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• 제21권4호
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• pp.374-383
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• 2011

A numerical model based on a mode method coupling beams and a rectangular plate is proposed to estimate radiation characteristics of an edge-clamped rectangular plate. The radiation efficiency and radiation power in the audio frequency range including the critical frequency can be predicted. The proposed model is rather simple and straightforward and gives reliable results comparing to the previous studies. The estimated radiation characteristics are compared to those of the pinned condition plates and also to those based on the formulae proposed by Maidanik. The radiation efficiency of the clamped plate seems a little higher than that of the pinned plate in the frequency range of corner and edge modes. It is explicitly shown that the power as well as efficiency at high frequencies is not influenced by these edge boundary conditions.

• 방송공학회논문지
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• 제13권3호
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• pp.310-318
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• 2008

H.264/AVC는 각 매크로블록에 대해서 최적의 부호화 모드와 참조 프레임을 결정해 주는 RDO (Rate-Distortion Optimization) 기법을 사용하여 기존의 비디오 압축 표준보다 더 좋은 부호화 효율을 얻고 있다. 하지만, RDO 기법은 하나의 매크로블록 모드를 결정할 때마다, 다양한 블록 타입의 화면내 (Intra) 예측을 수행하고 화면간 (Inter) 예측에 대해서도 1/4 화소까지 고려하는 움직임 추정(Motion Estimation)을 수행한 후 발생되는 비트까지 고려하여 최적의 모드를 결정하기 때문에 부호화기의 복잡도가 매우 큰 문제점이 있다. 따라서 영상의 객관적 화질은 유지하면서 부호화기의 복잡도를 낮추기 위한 많은 고속 알고리즘들이 제안되었고 연구 중에 있다. 본 논문에서는, 역 트리 구조의 경계 방향 예측 알고리즘을 이용한 고속 화면내 모드 결정 기법을 제안한다. 제안된 방법은 $4{\times}4$ 블록의 지역 경계 정보를 이용하여 해당 블록의 DE (Dominant Edge)를 찾아내고 DE에 상응하는 화면내 모드를 이용하여 RDO를 수행한다 $8{\times}8$ 블록 (또는 $16{\times}16$ 블록)의 DE는 이전 단계 4개의 $4{\times}4$ 블록 (또는 $8{\times}8$ 블록) DE들로부터 계산되고, 이 단계에서의 RDO 또한 DE에 상응하는 화면내 모드를 이용한다. 실험결과 제안 방법은 화면내 부호화에 사용되는 후보 모드의 수를 줄임으로써 JM12.2와 비교하여 화면내 부호화 시간을 평균 64% 단축시킬 수 있었다.

• ETRI Journal
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• 제30권4호
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• pp.506-515
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• 2008

The H.264/AVC standard has adopted new coding tools such as intra-prediction, variable block size, motion estimation with quarter-pixel-accuracy, loop filter, and so on. The adoption of these tools enables an H.264/AVC-coded bitstream to have more information than was possible with previous standards. In this paper, we propose an effective spatial error concealment method with low complexity in H.264/AVC intra-frame. From information included in an H.264/AVC-coded bitstream, we use prediction modes of intra-blocks to recover a damaged block. This is because the prediction direction in each prediction mode is highly correlated to the edge direction. We first estimate the edge direction of a damaged block using the prediction modes of the intra-blocks adjacent to a damaged block and classify the area inside the damaged block into edge and flat areas. Our method then recovers pixel values in the edge area using edge-directed interpolation, and recovers pixel values in the flat area using weighted interpolation. Simulation results show that the proposed method yields better video quality than conventional approaches.