• 한국균학회지
• /
• 제37권1호
• /
• pp.111-113
• /
• 2009

싸리버섯은 한국에서 상업적으로 중요한 외생균근성 버섯중 하나로 자연채취하고 있다. 본 연구는 소나무 유묘에 싸리버섯균을 접종하여 균근형성을 시도하였다. 소나무 유묘에 형성된 싸리버섯 균의 외생균근은 단순형과 차상분지형이였다. 외생균근의 직경은 $325-380{\mu}m$ 이었고, 균투층은 반투명색으로 $20-30{\mu}m$ 이었다. 한편, 싸리버섯 균의 균사생장 최적온도는 $25^{\circ}C$ 이였고, PDA 배지에서 2달간에 5 cm 정도 생장하였다.

• Mycobiology
• /
• 제30권2호
• /
• pp.70-75
• /
• 2002

The mycelia were directly isolated from eight species of fungal basidiocarps, confirmed to the ectomycorrhiza in the roots from the fields(forestry); Suillus bovinus, Paxillus involutus, Lactarius hysginus, Russula fragilis, Lepista nuda, Lyophyllum shimeji, Tricholoma matsutake, and Russula integra. The mycelia were pure-cultured with several transferring in various agars, and inoculated to the roots of pine(Pinus densiflora) seedling by in vitro method. After ten months growth under artificially aseptic conditions, all pine seedlings inoculated were stimulated at the growth-height, whereas those not inoculated were nearly dead. Also, the ramifications of ectomycorrhizal pine roots formed in the synthetic in vitro systems and were various according to the different mycelia. Synthesis of ectomycorrhiza were clearly confirmed in ten months growth, but not distinguished at this moment. It was clearly proved that the mycelia isolated caused the ectomycorrhizae in the roots of pine seedlings.

• Mycobiology
• /
• 제46권4호
• /
• pp.388-395
• /
• 2018

Radionuclides were deposited at forest areas in eastern parts of Japan following the Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Plant incident in March 2011. Ectomycorrhizal (EM) fungi have important effects on radiocaesium dynamics in forest ecosystems. We examined the effect of colonization by the EM fungus Astraeus hygrometricus on the uptake of cesium (Cs) and potassium (K) by Pinus densiflora seedlings. Pine seedlings exhibited enhanced growth after the EM formation due to the colonization by A. hygrometricus. Additionally, the shoot Cs concentration increased after the EM formation when Cs was not added to the medium. This suggests that A. hygrometricus might be able to solubilize Cs fixed to soil particles. Moreover, the shoot K concentration increased significantly after the EM formation when Cs was added. However, there were no significant differences in the root K concentration between EM and non-EM seedlings. These results suggest that different mechanisms control the transfer of Cs and K from the root to the shoot of pine seedlings.

• 한국미생물·생명공학회지
• /
• 제50권1호
• /
• pp.40-50
• /
• 2022

The Périgord black truffle (Tuber melanosporum) is an edible fungus and among the most expensive foods worldwide. It is the basis of a multimillion-dollar bio-business. Truffle farming does not exist in Mexico, and no formal studies have been conducted on its culture. This report describes the mycorrhizal synthesis (i.e., artificial union of fungus with host) of T. melanosporum with oak species native to Mexico (Quercus polymorpha, Q. fusiformis, and Q. canbyi). The mycorrhizal association was successful in Q. polymorpha and Q. fusiformis, as confirmed morphologically and using T. melanosporum molecular primers (ITSML/ITS4LNG). The effect of the ectomycorrhizal fungus on host growth (stem diameter) was statistically significant. Illustrations of the study are presented.

• 한국균학회지
• /
• 제42권4호
• /
• pp.312-321
• /
• 2014

가송이(Tricholoma bakamatsutake)는 송이(Tricholoma matsutake)의 근연종으로 식용 가능한 외생균근성 버섯 중의 하나이다. 본 연구는 우리나라 신갈나무림에서 수집한 가송이 균주들의 생리학적 특성에 관한 최초의 보고로, 자실체의 조직으로부터 순수 분리한 균주를 대상으로 다양한 조건(배지, 온도, 질소원)에서 이들의 배양 특성을 조사하였다. 대부분의 균주들은 PDA 배지, 20 또는 $25^{\circ}C$의 배양온도에서 균 생장력이 높았으며, 시험균 중 2균주는 그들의 균사생장에 질산염보다 암모늄 형태의 무기질소원을 더 선호하였다. 가송이는 근연종인 송이와 최적배양 조건이 유사하기는 하나, 균사생장 속도가 송이보다 더 느림을 알 수 있었다. 가송이의 모든 균주들은 carboxymethylcellulose 배지 상에서 cellulase 활성을 나타냈다. 또한 가송이 2균주는 소나무 실생묘에 이들 균을 접종한 지 3 또는 8개월 후 균근을 각각 형성하였으며, 균을 접종하지 않은 묘목보다 균을 접종한 묘목의 생체량이 더 큰 것으로 조사되었다.

• Mycobiology
• /
• 제29권4호
• /
• pp.179-182
• /
• 2001

Chitin synthases(UDP-N-acetyl-D-glucosamine: chitin 4-$\beta$-N-acetyl-D-glucosaminyl transferase, EC 2.4.1.16) catalyze the synthesis of chitin from UDP-N-acetyl-D-glucosamine. Two zymogenic type of chitin synthase gene(TmCHS1 and TmCHS2) were amplified and its nucleotide sequences were determined. By the amino acid comparison and UPGMA tree grouping, TmChs1 and TmChs2 were classified as class II and class IV chitin synthases respectively. The class II type TmChs1 was grouped with others of Agaricales ectomycorrhizal mushroom. Additionally the phylogenetic tree was well adapted to Hymenomycete previously classified by morphological and physiological characteristics.

• Mycobiology
• /
• 제43권3호
• /
• pp.327-332
• /
• 2015

Phenylalanine ammonia-lyase (PAL) gene is known to be expressed in plants, and is involved in the differentiation, growth and synthesis of secondary metabolites. However, its expression in fungi remains to be explored. To understand its expression in mushroom fungi, the PAL gene of the edible mushroom Flammulina velutipes (Fvpal) was cloned and characterized. The cloned Fvpal consists of 2,175 bp, coding for a polypeptide containing 724 amino acids and having 11 introns. The translated amino acid sequence of Fvpal shares a high identity (66%) with that of ectomycorrhizal fungus Tricholoma matsutake. Distinctively, the Fvpal expression in the mycelium was higher in minimal medium supplemented with L-tyrosine than with other aromatic amino acids. During cultivation of the mushroom on sawdust medium, Fvpal expression in the fruit body correspondingly increased as the mushroom grew. In the fruiting body, Fvpal was expressed more in the stipe than in the pileus. These results suggest that F. velutipes PAL activity differs in the different organs of the mushroom. Overall, this is first report to show that the PAL gene expression is associated with mushroom growth in fungi.

• Journal of Forest and Environmental Science
• /
• 제15권1호
• /
• pp.77-88
• /
• 1999

소나무류의 뿌리나 토양에서 분리된 균근균의 배양특성 비교와 인공접종에 의한 소나무 묘목에의 균근형성을 시도하였다. 소나무류 균근균은 다양한 생장특성을 지니고 있었는데, 배지별 생장에서 민자주방망이버섯(Ln73/92)은 PDA 에서, Paxillus sp.는 FDA 에서, 알버섯(FRI91017)은 Hagem배지에서, 나머지 균근균들은 MP배지에서 생장이 양호하였다. 용도나 pH를 달리한 배양조건에서 대부분의 균근균들은 $25^{\circ}C$에서 생장이 양호하였으나 모래밭버섯(FRI91004와 Pt 1)은 $30^{\circ}C$가 최적온도였고, pH도 균근균의 종류에 따라 약산성에서부터 약알칼리성에 이르기까지 최적 pH가 다양하였다. 생장시에 선호하는 탄소원의 종류도 균근균의 종류에 따라 다양하였으나 탄소원으로 xylose를 첨가한 배지에서는 모든 균근균의 생장이 불량하였다. 질소원은 $KNO_3$ 또는 asparagine을 선호하는 종류가 많았고 urea를 첨가한 배지에서는 거의 모든 균근균이 생장하지 못하였다. 균근균을 해송묘목에 인공접종하여 균근균을 형성시킨 결과, 모래밭버섯인 Pt1균주만 3개월만에 성공적으로 균근을 형성하여 외생균근의 전형적인 특징인 두꺼운 균사막으로 덮인 분지된 세근이 관찰되었으며 조직염색법에 의해 처리된 균근형성뿌리의 횡단절단면을 Nomarski interference microscope로 관찰하여 표피세포에 형성된 fungal mantle과 피층세포에 형성된 Hartig net을 확인하였다.