• Asia-Pacific Journal of Business
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• v.12 no.4
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• pp.289-297
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• 2021

Purpose - This study analyzed the correlation between economic liberalization and foreign direct investment. The purpose of this study is to seek ways to attract foreign direct investment from developing countries. Design/methodology/approach - This study analysed with observations of 19 from 2000 to 2018 using a fixed effect model, a random effect model, and a two-way fixed effect model. Findings - First, it was found that economic liberalization had a positive effect on attracting foreign direct investment in the early stages of economic liberalization. Second, it was found that economic liberalization in the deepening stage of economic liberalization had a negative effect on attracting foreign direct investment. In general, it was found that the higher the level of economic liberalization in developing countries is not accompanied by innovative changes in the industrial structure, the higher the level of economic liberalization is likely to decrease the inducement of foreign direct investment due to negative factors such as an increase in labor costs. Overall, this study approved that Economic liberalization have a non-linear (inverted U-shape) relationship with the inflow of foreign direct investment. Research implications or Originality - First, this study attempted to expand the variables for the determinants of FDI by analyzing economic factors which is a determinent of FDI. Second, economic liberalization generally has a positive effect on foreign direct investment, but it proved that it does not have only positive effects as a factor of attracting foreign direct investment in developing countries. The advantage of low wages in ASEAN countries acts as a factor for foreign direct investment, but as the degree of economic liberalization increases, the environment such as government size, guarantee of property rights, international trade freedom, fiscal soundness, and regulations change positively. On the other hand, it can be suggested that if the industrial level is less, it may lead to a loss of comparative advantage and a decrease in investment.

• The Journal of the Institute of Internet, Broadcasting and Communication
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• v.15 no.6
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• pp.257-266
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• 2015

There is no polynomial-time algorithm that can be obtain the optimal solution for economic load dispatch problem with non-convex fuel cost functions. Therefore, electrical field uses quadratic fuel cost function unavoidably. This paper proposes a valve-point optimization (VPO) algorithm for economic load dispatch problem with non-convex fuel cost functions. This algorithm sets the initial values to maximum powers $P_i{\leftarrow}P_i^{max}$ for each generator. It then reduces the generation power of generator i with an average power cost of $_{max}\bar{c}_i$ to a valve point power $P_{ik}$. The proposed algorithm has been found to perform better than the extant heuristic methods when applied to 13 and 40-generator benchmark data. This paper consequently proves that the optimal solution to economic load dispatch problem with non-convex fuel cost functions converges to the valve-point power of each generator.

• East Asian Economic Review
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• v.25 no.3
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• pp.233-272
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• 2021

The Regional Comprehensive Economic Partnership (RCEP) agreement, signed in November 2020, comes shortly after the Comprehensive and Progressive Agreement for Trans-Pacific Partnership (CPTPP) entered into force and the US-China Trade War escalated. We use a computable general equilibrium model to assess the long-term effects of these three developments on income, trade, economic structure, factor returns and employment across the world, and especially in Asia-Pacific countries. The results suggest that RCEP could generate income gains that will be almost twice as large as those of the CPTPP, and that the two agreements together will largely offset the substantial negative effects of the US-China Trade War for the world as a whole. All three policy developments, but especially RCEP, will deepen East Asian production networks and will raise productivity and increase wages and employment in much of East Asia. At the sectoral level, regional trade in non-durable and durable manufactures will experience the most growth.

• Advances in nano research
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• v.14 no.1
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• pp.67-80
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• 2023

Economic investigation is one of the main issues regarding the design and production of small-scale structures. This paper concerns the creation, implementation, and economic aspects of the cross-section profile of small-scale structures regarding the dynamic response of the free and forced vibration behavior of spinning nanoscale beams based on big data analysis. According to the financial analysis, the three practical non-uniform functions of cross-sections are compared to the uniform beam in the same weight and the equal material used. The previous studies reported that the uniform beams are more stable and contain a better frequency response based on the mechanical analysis. Still, concerning the economic investigation, which means the considered structures should have equal length and have the same weight in the aspect of material used, the conclusion can be different from the mechanical aspect. Consequently, in the current paper, the dynamic response along with computer technology as well as the big data analysis of the free and forced vibration of the nanobeam regarding the economic shape of the cross-section is scrutinized.

• Journal of Korea Society of Digital Industry and Information Management
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• v.18 no.3
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• pp.75-82
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• 2022

The purpose of the Consumer sentiment index survey is to determine the consumer's economic situation and consumption spending plan, and it is used as basic data for diagnosing economic phenomena and forecasting the future economic direction. The purpose of this paper is to analyze and predict the future Consumer sentiment index using the ARMA model based on the past consumer index. Consumer sentiment index is determined according to consumer trends, so it can reflect consumer realities. The consumer sentiment index is greatly influenced by economic indicators such as the base interest rate and consumer price index, as well as various external economic factors. If the consumer sentiment index, which fluctuates greatly due to consumer economic conditions, can be predicted, it will be useful information for households, businesses, and policy authorities. This study predicted the Consumer sentiment index for the next 3 years (36 months in total) by using time series analysis using the ARMA model. As a result of the analysis, it shows a characteristic of repeating an increase or a decrease every month according to the consumer trend. This study provides empirical results of prediction of Consumer sentiment index through statistical techniques, and has a contribution to raising the need for policy authorities to prepare flexible operating policies in line with economic trends.

• The Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Business
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• v.7 no.8
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• pp.205-212
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• 2020

This study seeks to examine the main factors, external and internal to the bank, that enhance bank lending. Bank lending is one of the connecting bridges in sustaining society. Internal factors consist of ROA, DPK, and CAR. External factors are economic growth and interest rate of Bank Indonesia. The population of this research consists of traditional commercial banks listed on the IDX over the 2014-2017 period. Samples were chosen by purposive sampling method. This study uses secondary data with 56 samples; data analysis uses multiple linear regression. The findings of the study show that internal factors have a greater impact on increasing bank lending than external factors. The main variable among internal factors that influences increase in bank lending is ROA. DPK is the internal factor with the smallest impact on increasing bank lending. The implication of the study is that determining the bank lending should take more account of CAR, DPK, ROA, BI interest rates, and economic growth in making decisions about the amount of lending. These variables can only have a slight effect on increasing lending, though. Besides, internal factors such as NPL, LDR or non-economic factors also need to be considered in channeling bank credit.

• Proceedings of the KSEEG Conference
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• 2003.04a
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• pp.32-36
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• 2003

The mining industry of Japan had rapidly grown after the World War II with the economic growth. There existed more than 350 mines all over Japan in the 1960’s. The mines however had been closed one after another under the influence of the world and domestic economic events such as the mining-related pollution in Japan after the middle of the 60’s, the Oil Crisises in 73 and 79 and the Strong Yen in 85 (Fig. 1). (omitted)

• Journal of Electrical Engineering and Technology
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• v.3 no.3
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• pp.320-330
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• 2008

This paper presents an improved dynamic programming (IDP) approach to solve the economic power dispatch problem including transmission losses in power systems. A detailed mathematical derivation of recursive dynamic programming approach for the economic power dispatch problem with transmission losses is presented. The transmission losses are augmented with the objective function using price factor. The generalized expression for optimal scheduling of thermal generating units derived in this article can be implemented for the solution of the economic power dispatch problem of a large-scale system. Six-unit, fifteen-unit, and forty-unit sample systems with non-linear characteristics of the generator, such as ramp-rate limits and prohibited operating zones are considered to illustrate the effectiveness of the proposed method. The proposed method results have been compared with the results of genetic algorithm and particle swarm optimization methods reported in the literature. Test results show that the proposed IDP approach can obtain a higher quality solution with better performance.

• Asia-Pacific Journal of Business
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• v.10 no.4
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• pp.153-165
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• 2019

This paper examined economic liberalization and corruption in ASEAN member affect Korea's foreign direct investment. We use 160 (country-year) observations from ASEAN 10 member countries for a period of 16 years from 2001 to 2016, with the Economic Liberalization Index provided by the Fraser Institute and the corruption recognition index provided by the International Transparency Organization. As results, economic liberalization showed a non-linear(U shaped) effect on foreign direct investment and corruption has a negative effect on foreign direct investment.

• East Asian Economic Review
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• v.26 no.4
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• pp.257-277
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• 2022

Does servitization improve manufacturing firms' performance, and in what condition? Following the seminal work of Crozet and Milet (2017), this study analyzes disaggregated firm-level data that covers 40,000 South Korean manufacturing firms surveyed by the Survey of Business Activities of Korea. We compute firm-level servitization intensity with available sales data of each firm by two-digit SIC sub-sectors. We find two novel empirical regularities: Korean servitization intensity distribution shows a very different shape from the French benchmark; Servitized firms tend to perform higher profitability and higher productivity than non-servitized firms.