• Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health
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• v.56 no.5
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• pp.397-406
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• 2023

Objectives: The purpose of this study was to determine factors associated with non-vaccination against coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) among the Venezuelan immigrant population residing in Peru. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted using data obtained from the Second Survey of the Venezuelan Population Residing in Peru in 2022. The dependent variable was vaccination status against COVID-19. The independent variables included socio-demographic, economic, and migratory characteristics of the included population. Crude and adjusted generalized linear Poisson-family models were used to calculate prevalence ratios with 95% confidence intervals (CIs). Results: A total of 7739 Venezuelan migrants aged 18 years or older were included. The proportion of non-vaccination against COVID-19 was 5.7%. Regarding associated factors, unemployment (adjusted prevalence ratio [aPR], 1.31; 95% CI, 1.04 to 1.65) was linked to an increased likelihood of not being vaccinated against COVID-19. In contrast, women (aPR, 0.76; 95% CI, 0.61 to 0.95), possessing a migration permit (aPR, 0.41; 95% CI, 0.31 to 0.54), and having health insurance (aPR, 0.47; 95% CI, 0.27 to 0.81) were associated with a decreased likelihood of being unvaccinated. Conclusions: The primary governmental and non-governmental institutions responsible for supporting and protecting the Venezuelan migrant and refugee population should improve vaccination access by issuing migration permits and providing health insurance.

• The Korean Journal of Ceramics
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• v.2 no.4
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• pp.203-211
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• 1996

CVD diamond tools are becoming more widely used in industry as an economic alternative to polycrystalline diamond (PCD) for machining non-ferrous and non-metallic materials. Although CVD diamond-sheet tools have been on the market for several years, diamond-coated carbide inserts have become available only recently, with the successful resolution of long-standing adhesion problems. Diamond coating morphology on the rake surface of the tool affects chip formation favorably, whereas a microscopically rough, faceted morphology on the flank surface of the tool produces a rough workpiece finish. Workpiece finish can be improved by using a coated tool with a larger nose radius. The tool life provided by diamond-coated tools(~30 $\mu\textrm{m}$ thick) can meet or exceed that of PCD tools, depending on the characteristics of the workpiece material. When using diamond-coated carbide tools in milling, a sharp-edged PCD tool should be used in the wiper position of the cutter to minimize workpiece roughness and burr formation.

• The Transactions of The Korean Institute of Electrical Engineers
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• v.59 no.6
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• pp.1109-1113
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• 2010

Recently, important for the safety has been increasing together economic developments. The leakage only is measured by the voltage difference. This method is a way to contact the electric leakage area. It can cause electric shock at users. We propose a non-contact method to detect a short circuit in this paper. We investigate magnetic field at electric leakage area to present non-contact method. Simulated environment created a short circuit in the flooded areas. Voltage is supplied 50, 150 and 200[V]. Magnetic field was measured at 0, 5 and 10[cm]. Magnetic flux was reduced about $0.4[{\mu}T/cm]$ depending on the distance changes in the steady region. But we confirmed that magnetic flux is measured the same value depending on the distance changes in the electric leakage area.

• IE interfaces
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• v.14 no.2
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• pp.190-197
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• 2001

Growth curves including Logistic and Gompertz functions are widely used in forecasting the market demand. To estimated the parameters of those functions, we use the non-linear least square method. However, it is difficult to set up the starting points for each parameter. If a wrong starting point is selected, the result reveals the local optimum or does not converge to a certain value. The purpose of this paper is to resolve the problem of selecting a starting point. Especially, rescaling the market data using the national economic index make it possible to figure out the range of parameters and to utilize the grid search method. Applications to some real data are also included.

• Journal of the Economic Geographical Society of Korea
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• v.26 no.3
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• pp.223-237
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• 2023

The Seoul Onsu Industrial Complex, having been completed over 50 years ago, is an old industrial complex, with deteriorating infrastructure and factory buildings. Despite this, there's a current urban industrial agglomeration centered on the machinery industry in the Seoul Onsu Industrial Complex. This study aims to holistically analyze the physical deterioration of facilities in the aging industrial complex and the characteristics of industrial agglomeration to derive the identity of the Seoul Onsu Industrial Complex. Based on the research findings, the complex is seeing an enhanced urban industrial agglomeration due to the influx of small-scale businesses resulting from concentrated trade networks in the metropolitan area and plot subdivision, permission for noise-producing processes, and the ease of securing highly-skilled technicians. However, this agglomeration coexists with a weakening of the complex's production function, limited innovativeness of resident companies, and non-innovative features resulting from weakened competitiveness in the metropolitan machinery industry. In summary, the identity of the Seoul Onsu Industrial Complex is a 'Non-Innovative Urban Industry Agglomeration', an old industrial complex, witnessing non-innovative agglomeration based on a machinery industry network centered in the metropolitan area.

• Korean Journal of Health Education and Promotion
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• v.30 no.2
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• pp.41-53
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• 2013

Objectives: As the size of elderly population living alone grows, socioeconomic diversity has also increased. This study examined if social risk factors of poor self-rated health were distinguishable between the low income elderly and their non-low income counterparts both living alone. Methods: The '2006 Elderly Health Interview Survey' conducted by D-gu in Seoul was utilized. We divided the elderly living alone into two groups depending on their economic status: low income and non-low income. Employing logistic regression, we analyzed the associations of poor self-rated health with socio-demographic factors, health-related factors, social support, the relations with children, social activities, welfare service use, and the perception of neighborhood safety. Results: Proportion of rating one's own health being poor was different between two populations. Social support was important for the self-rated health of the non-low income elderly, while welfare service use, the perception of neighborhood safety, and the relations with children were noticeable for the low income elderly. Conclusions: To better understand the health need of elderly population living alone, their heterogeneity in socioeconomic characteristics should be taken into account.

• Ecology and Resilient Infrastructure
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• v.2 no.2
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• pp.161-166
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• 2015

The inappropriate hydraulic design criteria on the new revetment technique for the ecological river restoration project happens to lead to economic loss during the flood season. In this study, the hydraulic stability of the developed non-toxic revetment was evaluated at a maximum discharge of $3.0m^3/s$ and a maximum velocity of 3.0 m/s in a real scale experimental channel. The vertical movement of the non-toxic revetment block was in the range of ${\pm}3mm$ mm in the experimental conditions. The results show that the non-toxic revetment block was sufficiently hydraulically secured.

• The Journal of Fisheries Business Administration
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• v.51 no.4
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• pp.47-67
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• 2020

I explore that South Korea's major import fishery product markets-frozen hairtail, frozen mackerel, frozen pollock and frozen squid-are integrated by testing whether there is favorable evidence of the law of one price (LOP). Unlike previous studies on the LOP for fishery product markets, I assume non-zero import costs and include them in a trade model. To explore whether LOP holds for major import fishery product markets in South Korea with non-zero import costs, I utilize a non-linear time-series model, Smooth Transition Autoregressive (STAR) model with the sample periods from January in 2002 to December in 2019. I find that the behaviors of home-foreign price (i.e., import price) differentials of all four major import fishery products are non-linear depending on whether trade occurs and favorable evidence of LOP for each import market in South Korea. These findings indicate that each of South Korea's major import fishery product markets is integrated. They imply that the supply of each major import fishery product-frozen hairtail, frozen pollock, frozen mackerel and frozen squid, and their prices are stable even if there is an economic shock on each market. When it comes to trade policy implications, the Korean trade policy including tariffs or quotas against their import countries for the four major import fishery products may not have influences on their price in the markets.

• The Transactions of the Korean Institute of Electrical Engineers P
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• v.61 no.2
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• pp.74-81
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• 2012

The purpose of this study provides the theoretical model for protecting the economic and social loss from the current alternative fuel vehicle which is developed without compatibility and senseless one's own through verifying the statistical significant by method of measuring analysis. The market scale of alternative fuel vehicle depends on customer's and station's expectation about the number of potential vehicle users. It is very difficult for vehicle manufacturer to make a decision on the standard alternative fuel vehicle as it might reduce profit and market share. Accordingly, the development of alternative fuel vehicle should have manufacturer confident on the potential profit in the future. Moreover, if we decide to use the non-standard fuel after we started to use the standard fuel, it would take a huge cost comparing with starting to use the standard fuel only. As a result, once one of companies starts to provide the non-standard fuel service, it is getting more difficult to use the standard fuel going forward. Consequently, we may review the possibility of choice on the standard fuel before the vehicle manufacturer starts service with non-standard fuel.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Costume
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• v.66 no.2
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• pp.61-75
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• 2016

The purpose of this study was to develop interactive smart clothing based on visual and tactile sensitivities to promote non-verbal communication between people with hearing impairments. The study analyzed various cases of interactive smart clothing, different non-verbal communication tools, as well as results of user demand survey to extract essential factors. Then these factors were categorized into technology or design concept. The technological aspect of the development considered the following factors: the usability, detachability, purposiveness, and economic feasibility. The design aspect considered the following factors: the usability, detachability, formativeness and wearability. A prototype was designed considering the user's requirements. The developed prototype had sensors, Bluetooth technology, and gave access to wireless communication in order to enable non-verbal communication between people with hearing impairments.