• 농촌계획
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• 제25권1호
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• pp.67-74
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• 2019

This study is to identify the heat vulnerability area as represented by heat risk factors which could be attributable to heat-related deaths. The heat risk factors were temperature, Older Adults(OA), Economic Disadvantage(ED), Accessibility of Medical Services(AMS), The population Single Person Households(SPH). The factors are follow as; the temperature means to the number of days for decades average daily maximum temperature above $31^{\circ}C$, the Older Adults means to population ages 65 and above, furthermore, the Economic Disadvantage means to the population of Basic Livelihood Security Recipients(BLSR), the Accessibility of Medical Services(AMS) means to 5 minutes away from emergency medical services. The results of the analysis are showed that the top-level of temperature vulnerability areas is Dong, the top-level of vulnerability OA areas is Eup, the top-level of AMS vulnerability is Eup. Moreover, the top-level of vulnerability ED area appears in the Eup and Dong. The result of analysing relative importance to each element, most of the Eup were vulnerable to heat. Since, there are many vulnerable groups such as Economic Disadvantage, Older Adults in the Eup. We can be figured out estimated the number of heat-related deaths was high in the Eup and Dong by the data of emergency activation in the Chungcheongnam-do Fire Department. Therefore, the result of this study could be reasonable.

• 영재교육연구
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• 제22권3호
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• pp.729-755
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• 2012

우리나라의 소외된 영재를 이해하기 위한 노력의 일환으로 질적 사례연구 기법을 적용하여 가난하고 신체적 아픔이 있는 과학영재의 학습 특성과 전술에 대해 알아보았다. 이를 위해 연구 현장인 주말 물리교실을 중심으로 참여관찰을 했고, 참여자와 참여자의 어머니, 초등학교 5학년 때 담임교사와 면담을 진행하였다. 또한 현지문헌과 자기보고서를 추가로 활용하여 참여자를 종합적으로 이해하고자 했다. 그 결과, 참여자의 학습 특성은 내적동기와 열등감에서 기인하는 '능동적인 학습'과 배척된 관계 속에서 드러나는 '배움을 향한 몸부림'으로 정리할 수 있었다. 참여자의 학습 전술은 경제적 여력이 충분하지 않은 상태에서 배움에 대한 욕구를 충족하기 위한 전략적인 수단으로 '다양한 학습 경로'과 '메타인지적 사고', 그리고 '맞장구치기'의 세 전술을 발견하였다.

• 자원환경지질
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• 제28권5호
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• pp.527-533
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• 1995

A disadvantage of Fourier analysis is that frequency information can only be extracted for the complete duration of a signal f(t). Since the Fourier transform integral extends over all time, from $-{\infty}$ to $+{\infty}$), the information it provides arises from an average over the whole length of the signal. If there is a local oscillation representing a particular feature, this will contribute to the calculated Fourier transform $F({\omega})$, but its location on the time axis will be lost There is no way of knowing whether the value of $F({\omega})$ at a particular ${\omega}$ derives from frequencies present throughout the life of f(t) or during just one or a few selected periods. This disadvantage is overcome in wavelet analysis which provides an alternative way of breaking a signal down into its constituent parts. The main advantage of the wavelet transform over the conventional Fourier transform is that it can not only provide the combined temporal and spectral features of the signal, but can also localize the target information in the time-frequency domain simultaneously. The wavelet transform distinguishes itself from Short Time Fourier Transform for time-frequency analysis in that it has a zoom-in and zoom-out capability.

• 산업경영시스템학회지
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• 제40권1호
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• pp.41-49
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• 2017

Process quality control, which prevents problems and risks that may occur in products and processes, has been recognized as an important issue, and SPC techniques have been used for this purpose. Process Capability Index (PCI) is useful Statistical Process Control (SPC) tool that is measure of process diagnostic and assessment tools widely use in industrial field. It has advantage of easy to calculate and easy to use in the field. $C_p$ and $C_{pk}$ are traditional PCIs. These traditional $C_p$ and $C_{pk}$ were used only as a measure of process capability, taking into account the quality variance or the bias of the process mean. These are not given information about the characteristic value does not match the target value of the process and this has the disadvantage that it is difficult to assess the economic losses that may arise in the enterprise. Studies of this process capability index by many scholars actively for supplement of its disadvantage. These studies to evaluate the capability of situation of various field has presented a new process capability index. $C_{pm}$ is considers both the process variation and the process deviation from target value. And $C_{pm}{^+}$ is considers economic loss for the process deviation from target value. In this paper we developed an improved Expected Loss Capability Index using Reflected Normal Loss Function of Spring. This has the advantage that it is easy to realistically reflect the loss when the specification is asymmetric around the target value. And check the correlation between existing traditional process capability index ($C_{pk}$) and new one. Finally, we propose the criteria for classification about developed process capability index.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• 제15권1호
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• pp.25-28
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• 2014

Background: This study analyzed whether socio-economic factors affect the cause specific survival of soft tissue sarcoma (STS). Methods: Surveillance, Epidemiology and End Results (SEER) soft tissue sarcoma (STS) data were used to identify potential socio-economic disparities in outcome. Time to cause specific death was computed with Kaplan-Meier analysis. Kolmogorov-Smirnov tests and Cox proportional hazard analysis were used for univariate and multivariate tests, respectively. The areas under the receiver operating curve were computed for predictors for comparison. Results: There were 42,016 patients diagnosed STS from 1973 to 2009. The mean follow up time (S.D.) was 66.6 (81.3) months. Stage, site, grade were significant predictors by univariate tests. Race and rural-urban residence were also important predictors of outcome. These five factors were all statistically significant with Cox analysis. Rural and African-American patients had a 3-4% disadvantage in cause specific survival. Conclusions: Socio-economic factors influence cause specific survival of soft tissue sarcoma. Ensuring access to cancer care may eliminate the outcome disparities.

• 한국항만경제학회지
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• 제21권1호
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• pp.23-44
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• 2005

The port environment is rapidly changing in North-East Asia. Containerships are getting larger and faster and major shipping companies are converting to Hub & Spoke port networks on the transport systems. Therefore, the main ports in North-East Asia are intensively competing with each other for hub port. In terms of geopolitical position, locational conditions and external reputation of ports, Busan and Kwangyang ports have a comparative advantage in comparison with main ports in other countries. But in terms of weight of transshipment cargos in total container cargos, the quality of infrastructure in ports, the environment of logistics service and the cost of, using ports, Busan and Kwangyang ports have a comparative disadvantage. For the growth into hub port in North-East Asia, it is necessary that Busan and Kwangyang ports improve their weakness. Besides It is necessary to develope ports and hinterland quickly, offer uniformity of foreign investment laws and incentive systems.

• 한국화재소방학회논문지
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• 제22권2호
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• pp.20-29
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• 2008

소방자동차의 교통사고가 과거에 비하여 빈번해지고 있다. 그 이유는 화재, 구조, 구급, 민원 등의 수요가 급격하게 증가하였기 때문이다. 또한 소방자동차는 긴급하게 출동하여야 하기 때문에 교통법규를 부득이 하게 위반하게 된다. 이것이 원인이 되어 교통사고로 이어진다. 교통사고 발생하게 되면 도로교통법 위반의 동기가 긴급한 상황이라 할지라도 그 불이익의 정도는 크게 달라지지 않는다. 따라서 소방공무원은 신분상 경제상불이익을 홀로 감당하여야 한다. 이러한 상황에서 소방공무원은 불이익을 받지 않기 위해 소극적 출동을 할 수밖에 없다. 소방과 관련한 상황들은 대부분 시급을 다투는 상황이다. 그럼에도 불구하고 교통사고로 인한 불이익 두려워 소극적 출동을 한다면 그로 인해 발생하는 피해는 국민이 부담하게 된다. 따라서 소방공무원이 신속하게 출동하여 국민의 생명과 재산을 구할 수 있도록 하기 위해서는 특별한 제도적 보호장치가 마련되어야 한다. 이 방안으로써 긴급자동차의 사고처리의 관한 특례법이 제정될 필요성이 있다. 이 특례법의 제정을 통하여 소방자동차를 운전하는 소방공무원에게 교통사고로 인한 불이익이 돌아가지 않도록 하여야 한다.

• 한국콘텐츠학회논문지
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• 제13권3호
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• pp.152-161
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• 2013

본 연구는 도시지역의 사회구조적 특성이 범죄에 미치는 영향을 생태학적 범죄이론에 근거하여 검증하고자 했다. 이를 위해 서울시의 424개 행정동을 대상으로 살인범죄에 대한 음이항 회귀분석을 실시했다. 그 결과, 기초수급자비율이 높을수록, 세대당인구수가 적을수록, 숙박 음식업비율이 높을수록 살인범죄가 증가하는 것으로 드러났다. 이는 온전한 가족의 중요성을 다시 한 번 증명해보임과 동시에, 도시지역에서는 숙박 음식업비율과 기초수급자비율이 범죄유발요인으로 작용할 수 있음을 보여준 결과였다. 과거의 시군구 대상 연구들과 더불어 유추하면 지역 특성에 맞는 맞춤형 범죄예방책이 필요함을 알 수 있었다. 살인범죄에 국한되고 횡단적 연구설계가 이루어지는 등의 몇 가지 한계점들이 있었지만, 서울시의 전체 행정동을 분석단위로 한 최초의 범죄연구로서 향후 동 단위 연구의 활성화와 효과적인 범죄예방책 마련에 기여한 의미가 있다.

• Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention
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• 제17권7호
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• pp.3469-3476
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• 2016

Background: The cancer research literature suggests that women, especially premenopausal women, have lower cancer mortality rates than men. However, it is unclear if that is true for populations at all age levels in all countries and what factors affect such sex differences. This paper attempts to fill that gap. Materials and Methods: Sex- and country-specific cancer mortality data were statistically analyzed with particular attention to geographic, social, and economic factors that may affect the sex differences. Results: The sex differences were age and country specific, rather than universal. Premenopausal women actually tend to have a disadvantage compared to men or postmenopausal women. Male cancer mortality appears to be the affecting factor in explaining variations in sex differences. Latitude of residence and literacy rate are the affecting factors in cancer mortality and sex differences. African and Latin American countries tend to have a female disadvantage, while East Asian and Eastern European countries are more likely to have a female advantage. Conclusions: The findings challenge the cancer mortality literature and indicate that the sex differences and their possible causes are more complicated than the current literature suggests. They also highlight the urgency of adapting age- and country- specific health systems and policies to better meet the needs of younger women.

• 산업경영시스템학회지
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• 제36권4호
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• pp.109-115
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• 2013

Process Capability Index (PCI) is useful Statistical Process Control (SPC) tool that is measure of process diagnostic and assessment tools widely use in industrial field. It has advantage of easy to calculate and easy to use in the field. $C_p$ and $C_{pk}$ are traditional PCIs. These are only considers of process variation. These are not given information about the characteristic value does not match the target value of the process. Studies of this process capability index by many scholars actively for supplement of its disadvantage. These studies to evaluate the capability of situation of various field has presented a new process capability index. $C_{pm}$ is considers both the process variation and the process deviation from target value. And $C_{pm}{^+}$ is considers economic loss for the process deviation from target value. In this paper development of new process capability index that is Taguchi's quadratic loss function by applying the expected loss. And check the correlation between existing traditional process capability index ($C_{pk}$) and new one. Finally, we propose the criteria for classification about developed process capability index.