• The Sea:JOURNAL OF THE KOREAN SOCIETY OF OCEANOGRAPHY
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• v.6 no.4
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• pp.211-217
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• 2001

Physical oceanographic environments in the coastal sea of Chung-Moon located in the south coast of Cheju Island, Korea, where water pollutions by growing tourism complex possibly start to influence on the ecological system, are studied with hydrographic data observed monthly during July 1997 to June 2000. Winter and summer characteristics are shown in December to April and June to October, respectively, and transitional characteristics are shown in May and November. Waters show 14{\sim}16^{\circ}C$ and 34${\sim}$34.7 psu in winter and $15{\sim}27^{\circ}C$ and 32${\sim}$34.3 psu in summer. It tells that Tsushima water distributes in the whole column in winter and in the lower layer in summer, and Yangtze coastal water appears in the surface water in summer. When the influence of Yangtze coastal water is strong, salinities below 30psu are shown. Stratification is formed in the depth of about 20 m from June to October, so that it is not shown in the near shore stations, of which the depth is about10 m. Isotherms and isohalines sometimes tend to be perpendicular to the coast line in the surface, which seems to show influences from the steam power plant near St. 1 and the sewage disposal plant near St. 3. During the observation period, temperatures in St. 1 are a little higher than those in St. 2 and St. 3 except for a couple of months in summer and salinities in St. 3 are mostly a little lower than those in St. 1 and St. 2. Their effects seem to be no more than $0.4^{\circ}C$ in a distance of 300 m and no more than 0.1 psu within a distance of 30 m.

• Journal of Korea Water Resources Association
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• v.42 no.12
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• pp.1029-1038
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• 2009

Recently, it is expected that small hydropower (SHP) could potentially provide sufficient amounts of alternative energy in Korea where there is an abundance of potential sites and where social efforts are being made to reduce the emissions of green house gases. In the past, the resources survey for SHP development has been carried out using onsite surveys and paper maps, which incurred a great deal of time and cost. Furthermore, the tools for decision making such as determining development priorities or evaluating feasibility have been considered only economic aspect and focused on the performance characteristics of power generation. However, as the concept of sustainable development has been being advanced in recent years, especially focused on human-social, environmental and ecological in addition to economical sector; the consideration of these multiple criteria has become essential for sustainable SHP development. This study aims to propose the spatial multi-criteria decision making (MCDM) methodology for determining priorities among a number of locations on the planning stage of SHP development using AHP and GIS. The proposed methodology is applied for determining development priorities among the SHP locations in Cho River basin and this study presents the detailed spatial information data and the results of development priorities. As a fundamental work, this study will be beneficial to the future activation of SHP development and will help the decision making in evaluating the feasibility of SHP development.

• Korean Journal of Environment and Ecology
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• v.21 no.4
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• pp.311-317
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• 2007

This study was conducted to determine the geographical distribution and habitat for Rana catesbeiana and Trachemys scripta elegans in order to obtain the current basic data on biota needed for establishing a database on non-indigenous species(NIS) in Jeju-do and to develop management plans applicable to Jeju, starting from March 2005 until May 2006. As a result of an inspection, it was found that the habitat for R. catesbeiana in Jeju includes Hankyeong-myeon, Daejeong-eup, and Ahndeok-myeon. These areas are all located on the western side of Jeju-do, and considered to have favorable conditions for R. catesbeiana to inhabit. Thus, it is unlikely that the population of R. catesbeiana will possibly decrease; what's worse, there exists even a risk that it could not only expand to other regions but also do damage to the population of native insecta, fishes, amphibians and reptiles, so this terrible species ought to be exterminated. More than 92 individuals of T. scripta elegans species were found to inhabit in 15 ponds around Jeju Island. T. scripta elegans. as the topmost predator, could destruct the pond ecosystem, and also cause a problem of water pollution due to its excrement. Counter-measures against T. scripta elegans could include publicity activities encouraging self-control of the release of captive T. scripta elegans, extermination plans using its ecological habits, and sign-posting publicizing its hazard to healthy ecosystem at the areas with high population density of T. scripta elegans or at its habitats with high foot traffic, together with the continuous management of NIS(none-indigenous species).

• Korean Journal of Environment and Ecology
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• v.21 no.6
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• pp.506-514
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• 2007

Temporal and spatial distribution of fish community were investigated from September 2006 to April 2007 targeting the lagoon Youngrang, Korea. A total of 32 species belonging to 16 families were collected during the period, among which the species of primary freshwater fish accounted for 11 (34.38%), the species of peripheral freshwater fish for 18 (56.25%), and that of marine fish for 3 (9.38%) in collected fish community. As a result of taking a look at the transitional aspects of community by each surveyed station and period, it was found that when the 'Breaking-sandbar' occurred, there came a change in the composition ratio of the fish species according to their ecological characteristics. In addition, compared with the data obtained in the past with respect to the ichthyofauna of the lagoon Youngrang, it was found that the ratio of the primary freshwater species gradually decreased, while the peripheral freshwater and seawater species gradually increased according to the indraft of seawater. Thus, it was concluded that fish community in the lagoon seemed to go under transition in its spatio-temporal characteristics depending on the 'Breaking- sandbar.'

• Journal of the Korean Association of Geographic Information Studies
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• v.12 no.2
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• pp.52-68
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• 2009

The purpose of this study is to establish the management area using assessment of the conservation value on forest wetland, Sandeul wetland in Mt. Jaeyak, Miryang-si, Gyeongsangnam-do, Korea. The six assessment factors were selected through the review of previous researches and written evidences such as wetland vegetation, hydrological factor, soil factor, topographical factor, naturalness and risk. The assessment data were built on the basis of digital topographic maps, digital detailed soil maps, high resolution satellite images and field surveys of three times. According to the result of assessment of the conservation value and establishment the management area, the core area which has the highest conservation value was occupied by 1.9ha and the conservation area which conservation value is 2 grades was occupied by 33.7ha. The buffer area surrounded core area and conservation area was analyzed by 33.7ha. The transition area which conservation value is 4 grades showed by the widest area(151.2ha) and restoration area that is the ecological hazard area was occupied by 1.7ha. In conclusion, these results can provide methods and basic informations for conserving and managing wetlands because the management area was classified scientifically considering rational processes.

• Korean Journal of Environment and Ecology
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• v.31 no.4
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• pp.397-408
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• 2017

The purpose of this study is to identify the home range and habitat using pattern of the native species, Mauremys reevesii, and the exotic species, Trachemys scripta elegans, and to analyze the mutual competition relationship of the two species. This study was conducted at the Goldfish square pond, which is located in the upper part of the valley of Cheonggye mountain from August 2, 2010 to January 30, 2011. We used the three artificially proliferating M. reevesii and three T. scripta elegans which were inhabited in the ponds and reservoirs for monitoring study after attaching the transmitter to each of them. We measured the home range and the habitat utilization radius of three individuals of each species and the environmental factors such as temperature, humidity and soil and water temperature around the Goldfish square pond. As our results, it was analyzed that the M. reevesii and T. scripta elegans have a redundant ecological positions in various aspects such as limited sunbathing places, food resource utilization, hibernation place, etc. We also found that the relatively small M. reevesii was being pushed out of the competition by the relatively big. Further investigation of food competition and habitat utilization should be necessary for these two species for the natural habitats, their home range, food competition, and habitat utilization. The result of this study will be the basic data M. reevesii's restoration project.

• Korean Journal of Environment and Ecology
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• v.31 no.6
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• pp.595-605
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• 2017

This study was intended to investigate the effects of after-school forest healing programs on the pro-social behavior and self-efficacy of young children using the attributes of forest and the forest healing factors. The children attending a kindergarten located in ${\bigcirc}{\bigcirc}$ - dong, Cheongju city were divided into a test group which participated in the forest healing program activities and a control group which participated in the regular programs of the kindergarten but not in the forest healing program. Each group consisted of 20 boys and girls aged 3 to 5 years. The forest healing program was conducted once a week from 10 April to 10 July in 2017 for a total of 12 sessions, and each session lasted one hour (60 minutes). The pro-sociality behavior and self-efficacy test of the children was conducted before and after the forest healing program, and the data were analyzed using SPSS 18.0 program. The result showed that the pro-social behaviors that indicated the ability to execute the positive action and the self-efficacy that indicated the self-confidence were statistically significant (p<0.05). The young children who participated in the forest healing program improved their self-esteem through positive thoughts from being with their peer in nature. Moreover, they increased not only ecological knowledge but also consideration for others and cooperative spirit. They also greatly improved the ability to control personal emotion and the ability to form the personal relationship which are the sub-factors of pro-sociality, the ability to adapt to the early childhood education institution, and the physical efficacy which is the sub-factor of self-efficacy. It was concluded that the after-school forest healing program had a positive impact on pro-social behavior and self-efficacy.

• Journal of Forest and Environmental Science
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• v.29 no.1
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• pp.71-80
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• 2013

Present study analyzes the rooftop gardening status, floristic composition and cost and return of the rooftop garden in Sylhet City Corporation of northeastern Bangladesh. Data was collected from 450 rooftop gardeners randomly during July-September 2010. Study reveal that rooftop gardening is generally for mental satisfaction (95.3%) followed by leisure time activity (87.8%) in the study area and almost all the family members of gardeners' were involved; while collection of planting materials, sites preparation and marketing of products were reported to be carried out by males only (male 71.33%). Middle income classes were most interested in rooftop gardening (43.78%). The survey recorded 53 plant species (35 families) of which Cucurbitaceae family represented highest eight species. Shrubs (28%) were highest followed by herbs (26%) among agri-crops (36%) and flower species (30%). About 89% of the rooftop gardeners procured planting materials from nursery, market, fair, neighbor, relative and friends and they mostly prefer to use seedlings (48%) for roof gardening followed by direct seed sowing (21%). Gardeners sell products sporadically in different local markets, directly or through intermediaries, with no uniform pricing for system. Rooftop gardening improves the food security and meet nutritional deficiency to the gardeners. Survey revealed that generally very few people consider rooftop gardening commercially to get profit and from the cost-return analysis this gardening system can be economically viable if proper and scientifically managed. The study conclude that active government and NGOs could play vital role to increasing this activities by providing training and motivate people with technical aspects of rooftop gardening.

• Journal of Environmental Impact Assessment
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• v.26 no.2
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• pp.140-159
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• 2017

The purpose of this study is to construct the information of natural resources and the basic data for assessing the Korean natural environment by objective surveying and analysing vascular plants distributed in the main survey sites of Hannam-Jeongmaek. The vascular plants were summarized, numbering 488 taxa including 102 families, 300 genera, 428 species, 4 subspecies, 50 varieties and 6 forms. The rare plants were 4 taxa including Aristolochia contorta(LC), Viola albida(LC), Chionanthus retusus(LC) and Tylophora floribunda(VU). The Korean endemic plants were 7 taxa including Salix koriyanagi, Clematis brachyura, Clematis trichotoma, Philadelphus schrenckii, Paulownia coreana, Weigela subsessilis and Cirsium setidens. The specific plants by floristic region were 29 taxa including 1 taxa of grade IV, 3 taxa of grade III, 5 taxa of grade II and 20 taxa of grade I. The naturalized plants were 52 taxa including Fallopia dentatoalata, Rumex obtusifolius, Helianthustuberosus, Dactylis glomerata, Phleum pratense and so forth. The invasive alien plants were 7 taxa including Rumex acetosella, Sicyos angulatus, Ambrosia artemisiifolia, Ambrosia trifida, Aster pilosus, Eupatorium rugosum and Lactuca scariola.

• Korean Journal of Food Science and Technology
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• v.47 no.1
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• pp.20-26
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• 2015

This study aimed to establish a rapid system for discriminating the cultivation origins and cultivars of dry persimmons, using metabolite fingerprinting by Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy combined with multivariate analysis. Whole-cell extracts from the sepals of four Korean cultivars and two different Chinese dry persimmons were subjected to FT-IR spectroscopy. Principle component analysis (PCA) and partial least squares discriminant analysis (PLS-DA) of the FT-IR spectral data successfully discriminated six dry persimmons into two groups depending on their cultivation origins. Principal component loading values showed that the 1750-1420 and $1190-950cm^{-1}$ regions of the FT-IR spectra were significantly important for the discrimination of cultivation origins. The accuracy of prediction of the cultivation origins and cultivars by PLS regression was 100% (p<0.01) and 85.9% (p<0.05), respectively. These results clearly show that metabolic fingerprinting of FT-IR spectra can be applied for rapid discrimination of the cultivation origins and cultivars of commercial dry persimmons.