• 대한토목학회논문집
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• 제31권4B호
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• pp.383-391
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• 2011

본 연구에서는 수변생태벨트 조성 사업에 있어서 우선구간을 선정하기 위한 단절구간 평가 방법을 제시하였다. 대상 하천은 홍천강으로 하였으며, 홍천강 약 96 km를 2 km의 구간으로 구분하여, A1-P3의 48개 구간에 대한 도상조사 및 현장조사를 실시하였다. 단절 항목은 크게 연결성 및 생태적 기능성 단절로 구분하였으며, 연결성 단절에서는 토지이용 등의 면적 단절과 도로 및 제방 등의 선적 단절로 구분하였다. 또한 생태벨트의 기능성 단절은 기존 연구결과의 일부 항목을 도입하여 크게 하천 수로 및 하상구조, 수림대 및 식생, 하천구조물로 구분하여 평가하였다. 현장조사를 통하여 각각의 세부 항목별 단절 점수를 부여하였으며, 각 단절 항목별 평균하여 이를 등급화 하였다. 그 결과, F1-G2 구간에서 2등급 이상의 연결성 및 기능성 단절 등급을 보이는 것으로 나타났으며, 다른 구간에서는 연결성 단절이 2등급으로 높지만, 기능성 단절이 3-4등급으로 낮아 복원이 시급한 구간이 아닌 것으로 평가되었다. 본 연구 결과는 향후 수변생태벨트 조성 등의 하천복원 사업에 있어 대상 하천내 우선 사업구간 선정에 기여할 수 있을 것으로 보인다.

• 한국환경복원기술학회지
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• 제12권6호
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• pp.131-142
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• 2009

The purpose of this study is to detect the protection area around the Geum-buk and Geum-nam Mountains for making a sustainable ecological network. The protection area in the Geum-buk and Geum-nam Mountains was analyzed by using spatial data and a field survey for landscape conservation purposes. A survey scope was fixed using digital elevation model, and the protection area was finally determined based on the parcel map called as the Korea Land Information System (KLIS). Here we have several conclusions in this study. First, spatial data used in this study were a map of ecological and natural degree (MEND), forest distribution map, elevation map, slope map, and several maps for the protection area assigned by laws regarding to the natural resources. Second, we used 4 alternatives to determine the best choice for showing the ecological network in the study area. One alternative (alt. 3) of 4 ones was finally chosen as the best condition for making the ecological network. The condition in elevation and slope was a little modified to a lower level in alt, 3. The result derived from alt, 3 reflected the continuity and connectivity in the ecological network and we estimate that the protection area can protect the core area using the buffer zone around the ecological network. Finally the parcel-based protection area in the Geum-buk and Geum-nam Mountains had $493.92km^2$ of the core area, and $233.99km^2$ of the buffer zone, which means the parcel-based protection area increased by $97.76km^2$ in the core area, but decreased by $76.61km^2$ as of in the topographical map.

• Ecology and Resilient Infrastructure
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• 제2권2호
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• pp.137-146
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• 2015

하천 본류와 구하도 사이의 횡적 연결성은 하천-홍수터 생태계에서 생태적 기능을 유지하는데 매우 중요하다. 본 연구는 2차원 평균수심 유한요소 모형인 River2D를 사용하여 만경강에서 직강화로 인해 격리된 구하도의 연결성을 가상으로 복원하고 평수기와 홍수기 조건에서 어류 서식처 변화를 평가하였다. 평가 대상 어종은 정수성 어종인 붕어 (Carassius auratus)와 유수성 어종인 피라미 (Zacco platypus)를 선정하였다. 물리서식처모의 결과에 의하면, 연결성 복원 전후의 붕어와 피라미의 가중가용면적 (weighted usable area, WUA)은 복원 후에 증가하였으며 양방향 복원이 일방향 복원보다 어류 서식처 복원에 효과적이었다. 또한 가중가용면적의 증가율은 평수기보다 홍수기에 더 높았다. 특히 피라미의 경우 홍수기에 구하도의 연결성이 양방향 복원되었을때 구하도 내의 가중가용면적이 복원 전 대비 약 4배로 크게 증가할 것으로 예측되었다. 본 연구 결과 만경강에서 본류와 구하도의 연결성이 복원되었을 때 정수성 어류와 유수성 어류의 서식처가 모두 증가할 것으로 예상되며, 일방향 복원보다 양방향 복원이 더 효과적인 것으로 나타났다. 또한 복원된 구하도는 홍수기 때 어류의 피난처 역할을 할 것으로 기대되었다.

• KIEAE Journal
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• 제9권6호
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• pp.27-36
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• 2009

Lately construction companies are differentiating the outdoor spaces of apartment complexes to satisfy the needs of residents by providing underground parking area and variety of outdoor community spaces. Building walking networks through residential unit area, the major passage area and the entrance area of the complexes is very important factor to increase the use of the outdoor environment in the complexes. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the characteristics and the elements for the planning of exterior pedestrian spaces carefully through the analysis of current large-scale apartment complexes. In this study, the utilization of space, the connectivity to other spaces and the application of Universal design were evaluated through site visits in 5 large-scale apartment complexes. As a result, the utilization of space is well applied in the most of complexes especially in residential unit area. The connectivity to other spaces has low application compared to the others. Universal design is also well applied except sub criteria for the blind in most of complexes. This study will be able to help in providing better exterior pedestrian environment for residents in apartment complexes.

• 한국환경복원기술학회지
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• 제18권1호
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• pp.135-151
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• 2015

DMZ is considered as an ecologically sensitive landscape and one of the highest biodiversity regions in the Republic of Korea. There have been, albeit the significant value, increased interests in developing this region for a variety of purposes including tourism and commemorative events. As this region has been already facing a range of problems derived from previous development, natural disaster and invasive species, the necessity for active management of ecological health within this region has been increased, which weighs the importance of executing ecological restoration. The objective of this study was to develop evaluation indices as an effective management means of properly evaluating ecological restoration and sustainably maintaining the restored conditions on a long-term scale. Through literature review existing evaluation indices related to restoration were collected, and then the most suitable indices were selected based upon two interviews and one questionnaire survey targeting experts in the relevant field to ecological restoration. They were categorized by two major division and their subclasses (Ecological base - vegetation structure & composition, habitat characteristics, soil environment; landscape ecology - connectivity, landscape patch, boundary & surrounding) and 40 indices. These indices were considered helpful to comprehensively evaluate ecological restoration on degraded environments within ecologically sensitive areas, and sustainably manage target areas by employing a long-term monitoring approach. As this result played a meaningful role in providing the fundamentals of evaluating ecological restoration, it should develop a suitable evaluation system through further research.

• 한국산림과학회지
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• 제110권1호
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• pp.22-34
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• 2021

2020년 7월 공원일몰제 시행을 앞두고 도시자연공원구역 지정과 관련 법률 개정을 통해 서울시 미집행 도시공원의 실효 시점이 연장되었다. 그러나 미집행 도시공원의 개발이 여전히 가능한 상황에서 공원녹지의 추가적인 토지개발이 예상된다. 이 연구에서는 서울시 미집행 도시공원을 대상으로 향후 공원 내 사유지의 토지전용이 일어날 상황을 가정하고 예상되는 경관 연결성 변화에 따른 우선매입 대상지를 선정하고자 한다. 이를 위해 공원일몰제 시행 전과 후의 토지피복 변화와 생물의 이동능력을 반영한 4가지 경관투과성 시나리오(PB100, PB1, PA100, PA1)를 작성하였다. 이들 시나리오에 기반하여 Connectivity Analysis Toolkit의 전류흐름 매개중심성(current flow betweenness centrality) 방식으로 경관 연결성을 계산하고 미집행공원별 전류흐름 매개중심성 순위 변화를 비교하였다. 분석결과 공원일몰제 시행 이후 상황을 반영한 PA1과 PA100 시나리오에서 서울시 남부에 위치한 미집행 도시공원의 전류흐름 매개중심성 순위가 크게 감소하였고, 한강을 통한 이동이 어려운 PA1 시나리오는 북한산 인근 공원에서 전류흐름 매개중심성 순위가 크게 감소하는 것을 확인하였다. 향후 미집행 도시공원의 환경적·생태적 기능을 고려한 매입방안 모색에 있어 본 연구결과가 도움이 될 것으로 기대된다.

• 한국환경복원기술학회지
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• 제16권3호
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• pp.107-117
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• 2013

Problems in regard of ecological stability of urban ecosystem ensue from climate change and urbanization. Particularly, urban ecological conditions are deteriorating both quantitatively and qualitatively to a great extent. The present study aims to assess the current condition of selected sites (i. e. urban green zones and parks) in terms of preset assessment components; to find out problems and relevant solutions to improve the quality and quantity of parks and green zones; and ultimately to suggest some measures applicable to coping with climate change as well as to securing the ecological attributes of urban green zones and parks. According to the findings of this study, from quantitative perspectives, ecological attributes and responsiveness to climate change are high on account of the large natural-soil area(80%). By contrast, from qualitative perspectives including the planting structure (1 layer: 47%), the percentage of bush area(17%), the connectivity with surrounding green zones (independent types: 44%), the wind paths considered (5.6%), the tree species with high carbon absorption rates (20%), water cycles (17%), energy (8%) and carbon storage capacities(61%), ecological attributes and responsiveness to climate change were found very low. These findings suggest that the ecological values of urban parks and green zones should be improved in the future by conserving their original forms, securing natural-soil grounds and employing multi-layered planting structures and water bodies, and that responsiveness to climate change should be enhanced by planting tree species with high carbon storage capacities and obtaining detention ponds. In sum, robust efforts should be exerted in the initial planning stages, and sustained, to apply the methodology of green-zone development along with securing ecological attributes and responsiveness to climate change.

• 한국응용곤충학회지
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• 제50권2호
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• pp.97-105
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• 2011

메타개체군의 구조와 이주에 관한 이해는 종 보존을 위해서 필요하다. 본 연구는 붉은점모시나비 서식지에서 MRR 방법으로 나비의 이주패턴을 분석하고 패치연결성을 추정하였다. 그 결과 194(수컷: 137, 암컷: 57)개체가 포획 되었으며 이중 93 (수컷: 73, 암컷: 20)개체가 재포획되었다. 이주 분석에서 이입율은 23-150%, 이출율은 28-53%으로 나타났다. 패치면적과 이입 이출 개체수와의 회귀분석에서는 상관관계를 보이지 않았으며, 먹이식물 수와 이입 이출 개체수와의 회귀분석에서도 상관관계를 보이지 않았다. 그러나 이입 개체수와 패치간 거리와의 분석에서는 높은 상관관계를 보였다. 따라서 나비의 이주는 패치거리가 가까울수록 빈번하게 일어나고 있으나 패치의 면적이나 먹이식물 량과 관계가 없는 것으로 나타났다. 나비의 이주에서 암컷보다 수컷이 매우 활발한 것으로 나타났다. 패치의 위치에 따른 이주 패턴의 분석 결과 패치 네트워크상에서 중앙에 위치한 패치가 양쪽 끝에 위치한 개체군을 이어주는 역할을 하고 있으며 근접한 거리에 있는 패치들간 이주가 멀리 떨어진 패치에 비해 빈번한 이주가 일어나는 것을 보여주었다. 따라서 붉은점모시나비의 이주에 있어서 근거리에 위치한 패치들간 교류가 활발히 일어나고 있으며 패치와 패치를 이어주는 징검다리 역할을 하는 패치가 존재할 경우 교류가 더 활성화된다는 것을 제시하고 있다.

• 한국환경생물학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국환경생물학회 2003년도 학술대회
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• pp.1-5
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• 2003

In order to prepare a basis for ecological restoration of the Seoul Metropolitan area, ecological diagnoses on soil physico-chemical properties and vegetation structure were carried out. Land use patterns, actual vegetation, and biotope patterns were also investigated based on aerial photograph interpretation and field checks. I formulated landscape elements overlaying those data and evaluated the ecological value of each element. Soil pollution was evaluated by analyzing soil samples collected in each grid on the mesh map, divided by 2km $\times$ 2km intervals. Soil samples were collected in forests or grasslands escaped from direct human interference. Soil pollution evaluated from pH, and SO$_4$, Ca, Mg, and Al contents of soil was more severe in the urban outskirts than in the urban center. Those soil environmental factors showed significant correlation with each other. Vegetation in the urban area was different in species composition from that in suburban areas and showed lower diversity compared with that in the suburban areas. Successional process investigated by population structure of major species also showed a difference. That is, successional trend was normal in suburban areas, but that in urban areas showed a retrogressive pattern. The landscape ecological map of Seoul indicates that the urban center lacks vegetation and greenery space is restricted in urban outskirts. Such an uneven distribution of vegetation has caused a specific urban climate and thereby contributed to aggravation of air and soil pollution, furthermore causing vegetation decline. From this result, it was estimated that such uneven distribution of vegetation functioned as a trigger factor to deteriorate the urban environment. I suggested, therefore, a restoration plan based on landscape ecological principles, which emphasizes connectivity and even distribution of green areas throughout the whole area of the Seoul to solve this complex environmental problem. In this restoration plan, first of all, I decided the priority order for connection of the fragmented greenery spaces based on the distances from the core reserves comprised of green belt and rivers, which play roles as habitats of wildlife as well as for improvement of urban environment. Next, I prepared methods to restore each landscape element included in the paths of green network to be constructed in the future on the bases of such preferential order. Rivers and roads, which hold good connectivity, were chosen as elements to play important roles in constructing green network by linking the fragmented greenery spaces.

• Journal of Ecology and Environment
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• 제48권1호
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• pp.32-48
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• 2024

Background: Longitudinal connectivity in river systems strongly affects biological components related to ecosystem functioning, thereby playing an important role in shaping local biodiversity and ecosystem health. Environmental DNA (eDNA)-based metabarcoding has an advantage of enabling to sensitively diagnose the presence/absence of species, becoming an efficient/effective approach for studying the community structure of ecosystems. However, little attention has been paid to eDNA-based biomonitoring for river systems, particularly for assessing the river longitudinal connectivity. In this study, by using eDNA we analyzed and compared species diversity and composition among artificial barriers to assess the longitudinal connectivity of the fish community along down-, mid- and upstream in the Hotancheon from the Geum River basin. Moreover, we investigated temporal variation in eDNA fish community structure and species diversity according to season. Results: The results of species detected between eDNA and conventional surveys revealed higher sensitivity for eDNA and 61% of species (23/38) detected in both methods. The results showed that eDNA-based fish community structure differs from down-, mid- and upstream, and species diversity decreased from down to upstream regardless of season. We found that there was generally higher species diversity at the study sites in spring (a total number of species across the sites [n] = 29) than in autumn (n = 27). Nonmetric multidimensional scaling and heatmap analyses further suggest that there was a tendency for community clusters to form in the down-, mid- and upstream, and seasonal variation in the community structure also existed for the sites. Dominant species in the Hotancheon was Rhynchocypris oxycephalus (26.07%) regardless of season, and subdominant species was Nipponocypris koreanus (16.50%) in spring and Odontobutis platycephala (15.73%) in autumn. Artificial barriers appeared to negatively affect the connectivity of some fish species of high mobility. Conclusions: This study attempts to establish a biological monitoring system by highlighting the versatility and power of eDNA metabarcoding in monitoring native fish community and further evaluating the longitudinal connectivity of river ecosystems. The results of this study suggest that eDNA can be applied to identify fish community structure and species diversity in river systems, although some shortcomings remain still need to be resolved.