• KIEAE Journal
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• v.8 no.1
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• pp.19-24
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• 2008

The wind-power among the new and renewable energies uses the wind, a limitless, clean and pure energy which is available at any place. It requires low installation cost compared to the generation of other renewable energies, and is easy to operate, and furthermore, can be automated for operation. Korea has been taking a great deal of interest in the development of renewable energy generating equipment, specifically wind power generation as the nation has a nearly total reliance on imported petroleum. A measuring poll 30m high was installed at a location with an altitude of 142m above the sea level in order to measure and analyze the wind power potentiality at H University's Asan Campus, and the wind velocity and wind direction were measured for 1 year. As for the wind power resource of the area adjacent to Asan campus, the Weibull Distribution coefficient was C=2.68, K =1.29 at H30m. Weibull Distribution coefficient was modified on the basis of compensated wind velocity (=3.1m/s) at H 60m, and the energy density was $42W/m^2$. AEP 223,750 KWh was forecast based on the simulation of an 800KW grade wind turbine. It is considered that the wind power generation has to be studied further in the inland zone with low wind velocity to cope with the possible exhaustion of fossil fuel and ensure a sustainable environmental preservation.

• Proceedings of the Korea Water Resources Association Conference
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• 2010.05a
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• pp.82-90
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• 2010

New Zealand appears to be a water rich country; however there are considerable water allocation issues. Mostly these revolve around balancing environmental concerns with economic development. The largest economic sector is agriculture which currently utilizes around 80% of the allocated water and has considerable potential to increase in size. The resource management framework that New Zealand has developed over the past twenty years revolves around local decision-making and sustainable management principles. As the demands for water have grown there has been growing concern that this framework is inadequate to deal with the issues of declining water quantity and quality through agricultural intensification. In Canterbury, the region with the highest water allocation and demand, a new approach is being trialed. The Canterbury Water Management Strategy (CWMS) recognizes the need for: ecological restoration for past damage; infrastructure development for increased irrigation; and the need to link infrastructure with more efficient use of water by both existing and new water users. These three elements are recognized as having equal value. The CWMS builds on the local decision-making concept but is deliberately aimed at consensus building in order to remove expensive and adversarial resource management hearings. It is practical enough to recognize that economic development is needed but that it need not proceed in conflict with the environment, but rather can be a means towards environmental improvement.

• Journal of Korean Society of Forest Science
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• v.99 no.4
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• pp.645-653
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• 2010

This study carried out the recognition of appropriate forest managements and directions in Jirisan National Park. For this purpose, we undertook interview survey about the recognition of forest management in Jirisan National Park from ecological and forest research fields' experts. From the statistical analysis results, it was founded that the difference among respondents' types was detected about recognition of forest management in National park. However, all the respondent types recognized that the forest management in National park is essential. So the forest management in national park by forest experts and relevant institutions are revealed needed.

• Journal of Environmental Science International
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• v.32 no.6
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• pp.441-451
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• 2023

This study examines the changes in environmental resource perception and residential areas on Jeju Island. This study focuses on Jeju Island, which has prepared a legal framework for the total amount of environmental resources. The study identifies Jeju residents and non-provincial citizens, analyzes the differences between them, and suggests the future direction of the total amount system for environmental resources. This study aims to provide essential data necessary for successfully implementing the assigned environmental resources. This will contribute to sustainable growth and preserving valuable environmental resources in an era where environmental importance is increasing. The findings indicate that both Jeju residents and non-provincial citizens are satisfied with the current environmental resources on the island. However, when comparing past and current environmental resources, Jeju residents generally indicated lower satisfaction over time, whereas non-provincial citizens perceived an improvement over time. While overall satisfaction with the natural and local environment remains high, there is a notable increase in perception regarding the ecological value of plants, wildlife, wetlands, and Gotjawal areas compared to the past. These findings emphasize the importance of incorporating these high-priority components into the total environmental resource system for future consideration.

• Journal of Ecology and Environment
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• v.35 no.1
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• pp.51-58
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• 2012

In this study, we investigated carabid beetles residing in the wetlands to understand their ecological adaptation and strategy selection associated with restricted resources and habitat limitation. The species richness, abundance, seasonal activity, and spatial distribution of the carabid beetles between the Mujechi Wetlands (wetland sites) and Mt. Jeongjok (mountain sites) have been compared. A total of 1,733 individual beetles from 30 species were collected and classified at the studied sites. The wetland sites were identified as having lower species richness and abundance for carabid beetles when compared with the adjacent mountain sites, whereas these beetles were observed to be dominant in the wetland sites than in the adjacent mountain sites. Calosoma inquisitor cyanescens, Carabus sternbergi sternbergi, and Carabus jankowskii jankowskii species were dominant in both the wetland and mountain sites. These species showed significantly different seasonal activity patterns in the wetland sites relative to the mountain sites. Although the three listed carabid species were observed to be widely distributed throughout the wetland sites, they still showed preference for drier sites, which clearly shows a distinction in their habitats. The results of the spatial-temporal distribution of carabid beetles in the wetland sites reflect their special strategies regarding space and time partitioning for maintaining their population. The distribution patterns of carabid beetles in the wetland sites also showed the desiccation gradient and environmental changes prevalent in wetlands. Ecological surveys, which use carabid beetles in the wetlands, can then be performed when restoring wetlands and for establishing management practices for improving the habitat quality.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Landscape Architecture
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• v.18 no.2
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• pp.111-125
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• 1990

Korea is a nation with poor natural resources. There is a greats need to save resources that are running out in fast face. The purpose of this thesis is to bind the means to save rosources in housing site, especially in highrise apartment. The reason why the high-rise apartments are chosen as a case is 7hat the high-rise is becoming the major form of dwelling in most urban areas. As a tool of saving the ecological way is chosen because ecological energy is free, clean and unlimited. The resources to be saved are divided into two categories, namely energy and non - energy resources as water, land and food. The contents of the thesis are comprised of 4 chapters. The early chaspters are devoted to the understanding of the ecosystem and problems of current energy consumption in the apartment. It is fellowed by the introduction of the hypothesis that can possibly save reouruces. The hypothesis are then transformed into the actual theories through verification, to be established as the new techniques of the site planning. The ecosystem is the functional relationship between the living organisms and their physical surroundings. The living organisms are the plants that produce, animals that consume and bacterias that decompose. They live in the environment which consists of the three worlds of atmosphere, hydrosphere and lithosphere. The whole system is activated by the solar energy that turns the inorganic mallet- into the living organism and back to the inorganic. It is the recycling principle of the ecosystem. The elements of ecosystem that fan be unilimited as the tools of resources -saving are the sun, wind, water, soil, plant and waste. They are unlimited sources of energy. free of pollution and cheap in price. Each of these ecological elements Provide the opportunities that can save the heating fuel, air conditioning energy, water resource, land and food. The ecological approch should be pursued actively in this age of short resources and growing pollution. In the scale of total energy consumption the housing takes the second position next to the industrial use. It is followed by the transportation which shows for less consumption than former two.

• Journal of Ecology and Environment
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• v.39 no.1
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• pp.43-49
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• 2016

Fishways are constructed to provide longitudinal connectivity of streams or rivers where their flow has been altered by in-stream structures such as dams or weirs. Nature-like fishways have an additional function of providing fish habitats. In the study, we estimated the role of a nature-like fishway (length: 700 m, slope: 1/100) for fish habitat by using two dominant species in the Sangju Weir, Nakdong River, to calculate the optimal ecological flow rate using Physical HABitat SIMulation (PHABSIM). To identify the dominant species that used the fishway, we conducted trap monitoring from August to November 2012 at the fishway exit. The dominant species were Zacco platypus and Opsariichthys uncirostric amurensis with a relative abundance of 62.1% and 35.9%, respectively. Optimal habitat suitability indices (HSIs) for Z. platypus and O. u. amurensis were calculated as 0.6-0.8 m/s (water velocity) and 0.2-0.4 m (water depth), and 0.5-0.7 m/s (water velocity) and 0.1-0.3 m (water depth), respectively. The optimal ecological flow rates (OEFs) for Z. platypus and O. u. amurensis were 1.6 and 1.7 cubic meter per second (CMS), respectively. The results of the study can be used in a management plan to increase the habitat function of nature-like fishways in the Sangju Weir. This methodology can be utilized as an appropriate tool that can determine the habitat function of all nature-like fishways.

• Animal Systematics, Evolution and Diversity
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• v.29 no.2
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• pp.99-114
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• 2013

Phylogeographic and feeding ecological studies of seven terrestrial mustelid species (Carnivora, Mustelidae), the Japanese marten Martes melampus, the sable Martes zibellina, the Japanese badger Meles anakuma, the ermine or the stoat Mustela erminea, the Japanese weasel Mustela itatsi, the least weasel Mustela nivalis, and the Siberian weasel Mustela sibirica, representing four biogeographic patterns in the Japanese archipelagos (Hokkaido, Honshu-Shikoku-Kyushu, Tsushima, and Hokkaido-Honshu), were reviewed in order to clarify causes for the faunal assemblage processes of those mustelid species in Japan. Here, three main constraints were extracted as important factors on the mustelid assemblage. First, fundamental evolutionary differences maintained by niche conservatism in each ecologically diversified lineage ("evolutionary constraint") would enable the species to co-occur without any major problem (coexistence among Martes, Meles, and Mustela species). Second, "ecological constraints" would force two closely related species to be allopatric by competitive exclusion (Mu. itatsi and Mu. sibirica) or to be sympatric by resource partitions (Mu. erminea and Mu. nivalis). Third and most importantly, "geological constraints" would allow specific species to be embraced by a particular geographic region, primarily deciding which species co-occurs. The allopatric distribution of two Martes species in Japan would have been established by the strong effect of the geological separation in Tsugaru Strait. Elucidating both phylogeny and ecology of co-existing species in a community assemblage is important to know which species possess distinct lineage and which ecological traits are adapted to local environments, fulfilling the requirement of the field of conservation biology that endemism and adaptation should both be considered. The Japanese archipelagos would, therefore, provide valuable insight into the conservation for small carnivoran species.

• Journal of Korean Society of Forest Science
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• v.98 no.1
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• pp.33-48
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• 2009

Forests store carbon dioxide ($CO_2$), one of the major factors of global warming, in vegetation and soils through photosynthesis process. In addition, woods deposit $CO_2$ for a long term until the harvested wood is decomposed or burned, and deforested areas could be expanded the carbon sinks through reforestation. Forests are a lso able to decrease temperature through transpiration and contribute to control the micro climate in global climate systems. Consequently, forests are considered as one of major sinks of greenhouse gases for mitigating global warming. It is very important to develop a Korea specific forest carbon flux model for preparing adaptation measures to climate change. In this study, we compared the climate change impact models in forests developed in foreign countries and analyzed the applicability of the models to Korean forest. Also we selected models applicable to Korean forest and suggested approaches for developing Korean specific model.

• Journal of Environmental Impact Assessment
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• v.2 no.1
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• pp.39-55
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• 1993

The importance of urban and regional natural park increases because of the needs for preserving the natural resources and providing with natural recreation space in nature. This planning of natural park management should be established based on the research of the various natural resources in the park. But for the lack of effective data synthesizing methods and concepts, only some restricted factors for zoning plan are considered even though GIS computer system for large complex simulation is used. Therefore, in this study three ecological zoning models such as Basic Factor Model (BFM), Visual Landscape Model (VLM) and Comprehensive Ecological Model (CEM) are proposed and applied to Byounsan Peninsula Nature Park(BPNP) for comparison with the current natural park zoning. The BFM has three components -elevation, slope and vegetation. The VLM has applied with six components -elevation, slope, vegetation, road type, and the visual distance. Finally the CEM's modelling factors have included all of BFM, VLM components are added with the land use type, nature and historic resource factors. The zoning concept of BPNP was based on "Minimization" focused on the specific factors. But introduced modelling concept is "Optimization" based on the total ecological environment. So the result of the modelling has larger area for preservation and development zoning compared with the current zoning whose characteristics are ambiguous which allows the environmental destruction. The future study issues will be the determination of the weighting factor, component reconsideration based on the ground truth data and the agriculture residential area zoning.