• 한국환경과학회지
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• 제2권1호
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• pp.1-8
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• 1993

This study was carried out to find the relationships between species pairs in the vegetation of eastern valley vegetation in Mt. Kumjung from September 20, 1991 to October 15, 1992. Eight sites were selected, each being divided into 5 quadrats, and thus 40 quad- rats were in total. To know the correlation among plant species the $x^2$ values were calculated by using the method of Yates, and the results were analyzed by cluster analysis according to Sneath and Sokal, and the following conclusions were obtained. The species examined can be subdivided into five groups according to the relationships. However, the relationships are not correlated with pH, water-content, maximum water holding capacity and mineral content of soil probably due to the environmental discontinuity.

• KIEAE Journal
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• 제7권5호
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• pp.143-148
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• 2007

The application of metal deck floor system is increasing gradually and especially for office buildings. In the cases of large parking structures and storage structures, the construction period and the cost can be reduced. Also the steel deck system can prevent the crack of a floor and reduce the retrofit expenses. However, the floor should stand for the repeated truck load which is relatively heavier repeated loading. The mechanical behavior of a slab under repeated load is also different from the static loading state. An evaluation of a structural capacity was performed in this study through the dynamic capacity evaluation experiment for an application of a composite deck floor system as a parking structure slab. The period of repeated loadings were set up as 25years and 960,000 times monotone cyclic loads were applied at the center of the specimens. The tension crack propagation and patterns at the center of specimens were examined.

• 한국토양비료학회지
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• 제42권Spc호
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• pp.33-39
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• 2009

논토양에서 지속가능한 농업생산 및 환경보호를 위한 양분관리는 토양의 화학반응들에 따른 지표들을 활용하는 것이다. 이 연구는 동일비료 영년시험 결과와 2000년부터 2002년까지 수행된 논토양 유형별 질소수준 시험 결과 등을 토대로 하여, 논토양의 화학작용 및 이와 관련된 양분공급력 지표들을 조사하였다. 논토양의 화학작용은 영양성분의 흡탈착 및 유기물질의 분해를 통한 수소, 전자, 이산화탄소의 생성작용과 이들 물질에 의한 화학작용 등으로 구성되었다. 이러한 토양의 화학작용을 고려한 양분공급력 지표들은 다음과 같았다. 질소의 공급력 지표는 토양유기물 또는 토양단백질이었으며, 인산의 공급력 지표는 유효인산함량이었고, 칼륨의 공급력 지표는 양이온교환용량과 치환성 양이온함량이었다. 한국에서는 논토양의 시비 추천식은 이러한 양분공급력 지표들을 사용하여 설정한 것으로 나타나 환경을 보전하면서 농업생산을 지속적으로 유지할 수 있는 것으로 판단된다.

• 한국환경생태학회지
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• 제15권3호
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• pp.257-266
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• 2001

국립공원에서 가장 보편화된 이용공간이며, 생태적 공간에 대한 이용압력이 일차적으로 작용하는 등산로 주변의 환경피해도를 바탕으로 국립공원의 수용능력을 추정하였다. 북한산국립공원의 22개 법정 등산로에 대한 환경피해도와 통행량 및 통행패턴을 조사하고. 등산로 폭과 통행량 두 변수간의 상관관계 및 회귀분석을 통하여 적정 탐방객 수를 추출하는 모형을 수립하였다. 그리고 유효 입장객 수와 등산로 구간별 평균통행량을 고려하여 수용능력 추정식을 고안하였다. 수용능력 추정식을 적용하여 북한산국립공원의 적정 수용능력을 추정한 결과. 등산로 노폭을 2.2m로 유지하는 관리목표하에서는 연간 최대 적정 수용능력을 300만 명 이하로 유지하는 것이 바람직하며 보존강도를 높여 등산로 노폭을 2.0m 수준으로 관리하고자 할 경우에는 연간 최대 200만 명 이하를 유지해야 하는 것으로 나타났다

• 환경영향평가
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• 제29권2호
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• pp.79-92
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• 2020

본 연구에서는 생태계 분야 기후변화 적응대책 수립 및 이행 단계에서 정책 실무자에게 주어지는 정보 현황과 수요를 파악하고 향후 생태계 분야 기후변화 지식 발전방향에 대한 시사점을 도출하였다. 우리나라 17개 광역지자체 및 이하 기초지자체 생태계 분야 소관부서에서 적응 실무를 수행하는 공무원을 대상으로, "생태계 분야 기후적응 지식기반 진단 및 정보수요"설문조사를 실시하여 실무에 활용되는 생태정보활용현황을 분석하고 활용도 증진 방안을 제시하였다. 설문응답자 전체(231명)의 75%(광역 85%, 기초 72%)는 생태정보의 존재 및 활용이 적응사업 수행과 관련이 있다고 생각하고 있었으며 적응업무를 포함한 생태계 소관부서 내 업무 전반을 위해 생태정보가 필요하다고 응답하였다(광역 82%, 기초 72%). 그러나 실제로 국가 및 지자체에서 생산하는 생태정보를 업무에 활용하는 비율은 크게 낮았다(광역 28%-64명, 기초 18%-42명). 지자체 행정 실무자들이 현업에서 생태정보를 활용할 때 느끼는 주요 한계점은 생태정보의 존재에 대한 인식과 업무 연계방안 등 정보 자체에 대한 사전 지식의 부족이었다. 이에 현존하는 기후변화 지식과 생태정보를 지자체 행정 실무자에게 교육 및 홍보를 통해 전달하는 것이 급선무로 나타났다. 향후 지자체 실무자들에게는 지자체 정책 목적에 따라 생태계 보전 또는 주민생활 지원 사업 등 생태계서비스 증진 측면의 활용을 동시에 충족시킬 수 있도록 생태계 현황에 대한 기초 정보와 지역개발 및 보전사업에 활용할 수 있는 생태정보가 마련되어야 한다. 정보 활용체계를 강화하기 위해 생태정보 활용방안에 대해 구체적 가이드라인을 제공하는 동시에 이용활성화를 위한 제도의 운영 및 관리가 필요하다. 국가적으로 양질의 정보를 제공하고 관련 정보에 대한 홍보, 업무 활용방안에 대해서 교육을 제공함으로써 지자체의 적응지식 및 생태정보 활용역량을 강화시킬 필요가 있다.

• The Korean Journal of Ecology
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• 제19권5호
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• pp.453-463
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• 1996

Diurnal changes of microclimatic conditions and tissue water relations were measured at two sites where Carpinus laxiflora and C. cordata were allopatrically distributed. The microclimatic conditions at a site where C. laxiflora was distributed produced severe water stress condition during summer months. Daily maximum temperature reached $30.4^\circC$ and the highest vapor pressure deficit was 1.31 KPa when 13 rainless days were continued. During this period soil water content decreased to below the field capacity even at a depth of 20 cm and xylem pressure potential also decreased to ­2.04 MPa. However, turgor potential was maintained more than 0.4 MPa. Patterns of stomatal conductance were changed with evaporative demand and soil water availability. On the other hand, microclimatic conditions at a site where C. cordata was distributed were moderate water strees condition compared with those at a site C. laxiflora was distributed. Though soil water content was maintained above field capacity C. cordata showed a remarkable decrease in turgor potential and stomatal conductance throughout the experiment. These results indicate that there is a difference in habitat characteristics between the two species and C. laxiflora is more resistant than C. cordata to water stress.

• 한국환경과학회지
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• 제9권6호
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• pp.449-454
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• 2000

Sustainable development has been the key concept, both in economic policies and in environmental management. On the basis of an systems ecology perspective, this suggests the sustainable development of Korea\`s natural environment and economic activity using the EMERGY evaluation. The total EMERGY use(7,730E20sej/yr) in Korea is 81 percent from imported sources, fuels and goods and services. The ratio of outside investment to attracting natural resources is already large, like other industrialized countries. Continued availability of purchased inputs at a favorable balance of EMERGY trade, currently about 2.85 to 1 net EMERGY, tis the basis for present economic activity and must decrease as the net EMERGY of purchased inputs including fossil fuels goes down. EMERGY yield ratio and environmental loading ratio were 1.23 and 20.30, respectively. The population level is already in excess of carrying capacity. Its carrying capacity for steady state on its renewable sources is only 2.2 million people, compared to 45.9 million in 1977. EMERGY sustainability index is therefore less than one, which is indicative of highly developed consumer oriented economies. Until now the development of a country has been achieved by the economic growth, but it can be sustained in the long run by the use of renewable resource systems. the efficiency of energy usage, and the transformation of the social-economic structure based on an ecological-recycling concept.

• Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences
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• 제12권2호
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• pp.118-129
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• 2009

To develop a sustainable management model for oyster farming in Pukman Bay, Korea, we estimated the carrying capacity for oyster farming using food availability data. Optimal culture densities were calculated to be 124-133 individuals per unit flux area ($m^2$) and 310-330 individuals per string. The present annual production is approximately 1,038 tons/year, which is 87% of the estimated maximum yield of 1,193 tons/year. Therefore, considering annual fluctuations and a critical buffer to reduce ecological impacts, the current level is within optimal conditions. During periods of increased water temperature, energy demand was largely met by high primary production. The food supply significantly decreased as the harvest season approached, and 10 out of 21 oyster farms had a deficient food supply for at least 1 month. Therefore, these farms (39% of the farms within the bay) exceeded optimal densities.

• 한국작물학회지
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• 제50권2호
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• pp.67-72
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• 2005

Overwintering capacity, closely related to winter hardiness, of Chinese milk vetch planted with different sowing times and sowing practices was investigated to improve the incorporation into cropping system in Korea. The tolerance to low temperature was evaluated with $LT_50$ using leaf disc leaching method. Dry weight of CMV was reduced remarkably with delayed planting from Sep. 5 to Oct. 20. The differences in tolerance to freezing temperature were not conspicuous among CMV genotypes, however, the differences between genotype (collections at different regions) were due to the plant architecture, mainly to the leaf angle. The crouching genotype collected at central region of Korean peninsula, which showed excellent freezing tolerant, has planophile leaves. The feature of internal constituents of CMV genotypes did not show any noticeable differences with respect to the freezing tolerance which evaluated by leaf disc leaching experiment. To overcome the poor overwintering capacity, tolerant genotype should be developed by selection with considering the plant architecture. The reduction of CMV growth during overwintering period was ameliorated with furrow-sowing under late-sown condition, therefore, when the CMV is inevitably sown late after recommended time, the seeds should be sown on furrow to overcome the cold stress.

• KIEAE Journal
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• 제14권3호
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• pp.23-29
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• 2014

With high acknowledgements of environmental conservation and energy saving, many architectural technologies using renewable energy have been recently applied at buildings which take about 20% of total energy consumption. Among renewable energy sources, the photovoltaic is considered as the most highly potential one due to advantages of infiniteness and cleanliness. Also, projects to install renewable energy systems have been continuously performed at deteriorated educational facilities as energy efficient remodeling projects or green school projects by the Korean government. This paper proposes appropriate capacities by school level on installing photovoltaic systems at deteriorated school buildings, based on the balance of annual electricity power demand and supply between buildings and systems. Using the Visual DOE program and Merit program, the appropriate installment capacity of photovoltaic system turned out be 40kWp at elementary school building and 60kWp at middle and high ones. In addition, annual energy use proved to be reduced by 20.2% at elementary school, 26.9% at middle school, and 21.0% at high school by installing photovoltaic systems with the appropriate capacities.