• 환경영향평가
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• 제6권2호
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• pp.103-112
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• 1997

The object of this study is the introduction and the application of Ecological Footprint(EF) for sustainability of regional people activities. It is a tool for the evaluation of specific projects through various lifestyles or consumption to area of broad policy and budgets. But in Korea there is no assessment for consumption level of human activities by EF. Therefore this study try to analyse ecologically productive land for human activities of Cheju-island in order to assess the sustainability in Cheju and compares with another industrized countries. We analyze the human activities level of Cheju-island then the EF is about 0.9(ha/cap). This value is not more than another countries like Canada and United States. EF assists in choosing technologies, policies and Life Cycle Assessment(LCA) which can perform a certain task with the smallest ecological footprint. It will help society to avoid collapse and move towards sustainability and ecological efficiency.

• 보건교육건강증진학회지
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• 제27권4호
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• pp.177-188
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• 2010

Objectives: The aim of this study was to examine factors related to smoking behavior, and to develop multilevel communication strategies for smoking cessation. Methods: This paper reviewed theories and empirical findings with currents ecological models to develop communication strategies. Theory comparison was also performed to identify important mediators in the process of smoking cessation. Results: Factors that have been identified to influence smoking behavior ranges from individual perception, attitudes and self efficacy toward smoking to organizational norms, regulations, community capacity, media advocacy and public smoking regulation policy. In order to address these multi-level determinants of smoking behavior, objectives and strategies for smoking cessation intervention were developed utilizing ecological perspectives to cover intrapersonal, interpersonal(mainly family member and peers), organizational and community/public policy level factors. Conclusion: Multilevel approaches have advanced the existing knowledge on determinants of health behaviors. New direction of research focusing on testing multilevel intervention approaches should be expanded to inform the efficacy of applying social ecological models to health behavior change process.

• 한국조경학회지
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• 제34권5호
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• pp.76-83
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• 2006

The purpose of this study was to investigate the performance of porous grass block. For the investigation, Festuca arundinacea and Zoysia japonica 'Zenith' were planted, and the volume of evapotranspiration and remains were examined based on different materials in the water tank in the experiment of Festuca arundinacea, the volume of water storage of treatment with perlite ($10.84{\iota}/m^2$) was higher than that with drainage ($7l/m^2$). The difference between the two was $3.84/m^2$. The drainage treatment without water storage capacity showed the higher degree of dryness in turf grass. The volume of evapo-transpiration of treatment with perlite was the highest (21.57mm/week). The volume of evapotranspiration of treatment with sand was 19.57mm/week, and with treatment with drainage was 18.24mm/week. Based on the measured volume of daily evapotranspiration of $2.60{\sim}3.08mm\;d^{-1}$, it was determined that the unit with water storage capacity would store water of one to two days usage compared to unite without such storage capacity. In the experiment of Zoysia japonica 'Zenith', the volume of water storage of treatment with perlite was $10.77l/m^2$ which was similar to the former experiment. The volume of evapotranspiration of treatment with perlite and sand were 21.64mm/week and 20.64mm/week, respectively. In case of airtight water tank, the volume was measured as 22.06mm/week. Each treatment has no notable difference in the volume of evapotranspiration. In conclusion, from the investigation in this study, porous grass block with water tank was found to be effective in plant growth under low irrigation. As the ecological area ratio and vegetated porous pavement have became more emphasized, additional study of rain infiltration and reservoir effect are needed in the future.

• KIEAE Journal
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• 제5권1호
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• pp.35-42
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• 2005

The primary concerns of recreation plan are to provide visitors with quality of recreational experience and to protect of recreation resources. The quality of recreational experience is often defined in terms of social carrying capacity. The carrying capacity is revealed as perceived crowding. In this respects, measuring perceived crowding is useful tool of social carrying capacity determination. This study is to test the structural equation model that includes variables affecting perceived crowding. Through an on-site questionnaire survey, 467 visitors on Naejangsan national park were collected. The results of the study are follows. The encounter level on facility area is higher evaluated as crowding factor than other area in the park. It can be concluded that visitor perceived crowding when facility area situates high density use level rather than other areas expose high density use level. In the path analysis, the input variables(attitude, experience, encounter level) on the structural equation model affect significantly on perceived crowding. Especially, the attitude on the park management polocy is the most affecting factor on perceived crowding.

• 한국조경학회지
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• 제20권3호
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• pp.93-102
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• 1992

This study was carried out to estimate the recreation carrying capacity of lawn areas in parks. Recreation carrying capacity in this study is composed of two parts, ecological carrying capacity. This part deals with the psychological carrying capacity, based on the perception of crowding level and recreation satisfaction of users. The survey was conducted at the lawn areas of Doturag World and Seorabul Plaza in Bomun Resort Complex in Kyungju. The major results are as follows: 1. As the result of regression of regression analysis between use density of lawn area and level of perceived crowding, the capacity was estimated as 60.0㎡ man. 2. As the result of regression analysis between use density of lawn areas and total recreation satisfaction, the capacity was estimated as 48.5㎡/man. 3. As the result of regression analysis between use density of lawn areas and satisfaction to use density, the capacity was estimated as 63.2㎡/man. 4. As a conclusion, the psychological carrying capacity was estimated as 60.0㎡/man. And this value is based on user's perception of crowding and recreation satisfaction level for each use densities.

• 한국환경복원기술학회지
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• 제16권3호
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• pp.107-117
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• 2013

Problems in regard of ecological stability of urban ecosystem ensue from climate change and urbanization. Particularly, urban ecological conditions are deteriorating both quantitatively and qualitatively to a great extent. The present study aims to assess the current condition of selected sites (i. e. urban green zones and parks) in terms of preset assessment components; to find out problems and relevant solutions to improve the quality and quantity of parks and green zones; and ultimately to suggest some measures applicable to coping with climate change as well as to securing the ecological attributes of urban green zones and parks. According to the findings of this study, from quantitative perspectives, ecological attributes and responsiveness to climate change are high on account of the large natural-soil area(80%). By contrast, from qualitative perspectives including the planting structure (1 layer: 47%), the percentage of bush area(17%), the connectivity with surrounding green zones (independent types: 44%), the wind paths considered (5.6%), the tree species with high carbon absorption rates (20%), water cycles (17%), energy (8%) and carbon storage capacities(61%), ecological attributes and responsiveness to climate change were found very low. These findings suggest that the ecological values of urban parks and green zones should be improved in the future by conserving their original forms, securing natural-soil grounds and employing multi-layered planting structures and water bodies, and that responsiveness to climate change should be enhanced by planting tree species with high carbon storage capacities and obtaining detention ponds. In sum, robust efforts should be exerted in the initial planning stages, and sustained, to apply the methodology of green-zone development along with securing ecological attributes and responsiveness to climate change.

• 한국환경복원기술학회지
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• 제11권3호
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• pp.50-61
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• 2008

Environmental factors and phragmites growth properties at various habitats in Eulsukdo ecological park were investigated to understand major factors affecting phragmites distribution in constructed wetlands. Although phragmites is very important species in wetland ecosystem, it should be controlled to prevent excessive expansion within the restricted park area. The results showed that phragmites dominant sites have the highest LAI among other emerged plants habitats and could adversely affect for waders habitats. Phragmites were also found at the areas with wide ranges of water-depth than other plants, and showed phragmites could be favored for occupying the newly constructed wetlands like Eulsukdo ecological park. The results showed difference in soil redox potential between phragmites dominant and non-dominant sites. Because soil redox potential is affected by wetland hydrology like flooding duration, control of wetland hydrology should be considered for creation and management of constructed wetlands. The results also showed that differences in soil cation exchange capacity, soil salinity, soil organic matter content and site inclination between phragmites dominant and non-dominant sites as well as brackish and freshwater areas. Those abiotic factors can be important considerations for the sustainable wetland management especially for the phragmitest managements in the ecological park.

• Journal of Microbiology
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• 제45권4호
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• pp.281-285
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• 2007

Cold environments, including polar and alpine regions, are colonized by a wide diversity of micro-organisms able to thrive at low temperatures. There is evidence of a wide range of metabolic activities in alpine cold ecosystems. Like polar microorganisms, alpine microorganisms playa key ecological role in their natural habitats for nutrient cycling, litter degradation, and many other processes. A number of studies have demonstrated the capacity of alpine microorganisms to degrade efficiently a wide range of hydrocarbons, including phenol, phenol-related compounds and petroleum hydrocarbons, and the feasibility of low-temperature bioremediation of European alpine soils by stimulating the degradation capacity of indigenous microorganisms has also been shown.

• 한국조경학회지
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• 제44권2호
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• pp.1-10
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• 2016

본 연구의 목적은 용인시에 대한 생태발자국 지수 산정 및 변화분석을 통해 용인시의 환경용량 추이를 분석하고, 이를 바탕으로 용인시의 도시개발 및 계획의 방향을 제언하는 것이다. 이를 위하여 용인시를 대상으로 1993년, 2003년, 2013년에 걸친 생태발자국 지수 분석을 실시하였으며, 지수분석 결과를 바탕으로 용인시의 토지이용 변화와 개발패턴의 문제점에 대하여 분석하였다. 또한 GIS(Geographic Information System)를 기반으로 한 토지피복도와 생태발자국 지수의 비교를 통해 용인시 토지이용의 변화를 환경적 측면에서 분석하였다. 본 연구 결과는 다음의 세 가지로 요약될 수 있다. 첫째, 용인시의 총 생태발자국 지수는 1993년 3.20(gha), 2003년 6.50(gha), 2013년 11.15(gha)로 산정되었으며, 이는 용인시의 생태발자국이 세계적으로 요구되는 1인당 생태발자국 1.8(gha)는 물론, 한국 전체의 1인당 평균 생태발자국인 3.56(gha)을 훨씬 상회하는 수준으로, 지역 환경용량에 비해 과도한 자원소비가 이루어지고 있다는 것을 보여주고 있다. 둘째, 1993년부터 20여 년간 용인시의 생태발자국을 부문별로 분석한 결과, 산림부문의 생태발자국이 가장 크게 증가하였으며, 다음으로 에너지 부문, 음식 부문, 건조환경부문으로 순으로 나타났다. 특히, 산림 생태발자국의 경우 1993년에는 가장 낮은 0.002(gha)였으나, 2013년에는 7.32(gha)로 급증했으며, 에너지의 경우도 0.87(gha)에서 2.38(gha)로 비교적 높은 증가율을 보였다. 이는 급격한 도시개발로 인한 목재수요와 목재생산력의 지나친 불균형 및 주거와 상업용지 개발에 따른 에너지 수요의 급격한 증가에 기인하는 것으로 분석된다. 셋째, 지난 10여 년간 생태발자국과 산림 및 건조환경 토지피복의 변화를 관찰한 결과, 산림부문의 생태발자국이 가장 크게 확대되었으며, 실제 훼손된 산림면적 또한 증가된 건조환경 면적에 집중되어 있음을 알 수 있었다. 에너지 부문의 생태발자국 또한 급격한 증가를 보여주고 있는데, 이는 토지피복도 분석에서 알 수 있듯 건조환경부문, 특히 상업시설과 도로 및 철도용지의 급증에 크게 기인하는 것으로 분석되었다. 이는 향후 용인시가 개발 시 산림의 훼손을 최소화하고, 녹지면적을 확대해야 할 필요성을 제기하고 있으며, LPG 등 화석연료의 소비를 줄이는 대신 신재생에너지의 확대를 적극적으로 추진해야 한다는 근거를 제공할 수 있다.

• 보건교육건강증진학회지
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• 제26권2호
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• pp.119-133
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• 2009

Objective: The aim of this study was to asses individual, organizational and environmental capacity for members of Healthy Cities Partnership (KHCP) and exploring advanced suggestions for further developing. Methods: Participants were 27. The questionnaire was developed based on Health Promotion Capacity Checklist and it analyze capacity in 3 lelvels including individual, organizational and environmental. Each level is consist of 4 sections, individual: 'Knowledge', 'Skills', 'Commitment' and 'Resources', organizational; 'Commitment', 'Culture', 'Structure' and 'Resources', environment:'Public opinion', 'Political will', 'Supportive organizations' and 'Ideas and other resources'. Each section was assessed in 4 point rating scale and cross analyzed with basic information. Results: The mean score of 3 levels were 2.57. Among the 3 levels, 'Individual' marks 2.78 point which were top and 'Organizational' marks 2.59 and 'Environmental' marks 2.33. There were no significant factors affecting Healthy cities capacity of 'Individual' and 'Organizational' level, but just 'specialization' of 'Environmental' had significance. Conclusion: Above the results, this study suggested that just 'Individual' capacity is above median point and other levels were lower. Further efforts for developing Healthy cities capacity, especially focused on 'Organizational' and 'Environmental' levels, is strongly required.