• Korean Journal of Food Science and Technology
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• v.44 no.5
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• pp.634-637
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• 2012

In strawberry production, among others, the high incidence of diseases by pathogenic fungi resulting in the reduction of fruit yield and quality requires the development of eco-friendly management systems rather than chemical sprays to control them. The diameter of colonies grown in media at $25^{\circ}C$ for 5 days was measured to evaluate the in vitro inhibition of mycelial growth of 5 pathogenic fungi by irradiation with ultraviolet (UV-C, 264 nm). The mycelial growth of 5 pathogenic fungi was inhibited in potato dextrose agar (PDA) by the irradiation of UV-C for 1 hour a day, and was dramatically inhibited by the irradiation of UV-C for 9-12 h a day. The irradiation of UV-C for 9-12 h a day inhibited completely the growth of the late blight pathogen, Phytophthora cactorum. The irradiation distance of 40 to 50 cm was effective for the inhibition of mycelial growth of fungi. The mycelial growth of fungi without pre-incubation was inhibited strongly by UV-C irradiation compared to fungi pre-incubated for 2 days without light. The mycelia growth of Colletotrichum gloeosprioides and Fusarium oxysporum was inhibited strongly by UV-C irradiation in vegetable 8 juice agar compared to PDA.

• Journal of the Korea Society of Computer and Information
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• v.25 no.1
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• pp.117-124
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• 2020

In this paper, we proposed a plan to maintain comfortable indoor air quality in nursing homes by suggesting ways to reduce items temporarily exceeding the reference values through real-time concentration variation analysis of indoor air quality. Five items including PM10, CO₂, CO, VOC, and Radon are measured at nursing homes in spring (April) and autumn (September) was carried out and all of the measured items were analyzed to satisfy the criteria set by the Indoor Air Quality Control Act. As a result of the analysis of the real-time concentration change, the concentration of CO₂ was close to the reference value based on the number of occupants in the sick room. Due to the disinfectant (alcohol) used to disinfect and the auxiliary tools (adhesive) used in the operation of the program such as making and coloring, it was analyzed to temporarily exceed the standard value in the hall. In conclusion, it is possible to provide pleasant indoor air quality and contribute to securing the nursing home's competitiveness if periodic ventilation, natural disinfectant and eco-friendly product are used in consideration of the thermal environment.

• Korean Journal of Medicinal Crop Science
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• v.19 no.5
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• pp.334-340
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• 2011

The study was done to investigate the effects of the extracts from the different parts of Lythrum salicaria (LS) on liver protective activities in chronically alcohol-treated rats. SD male rats except normal animals were administrated with alcohol ($30m{\ell}$ of 30%~40% ethanol/kg/day) and the extracts (300 mg/kg/day) for 10 weeks. Chronic alcohol administration decreased body weight, high density lipoprotein (HDL)-cholesterol and the reduced form-glutathione (GSH), whereas increased the ethanol content, glutamic-oxaloacetic transaminase (GOT), total cholesterol, low density lipoprotein (LDL)- cholesterol, triglyceride in blood/serum and the ratio of the oxidized form of glutathione (GSSG) and total GSH (GSSG/total GSH) in liver tissue. Groups treated with the extracts of leaf, root and stem, showed decrease in GOT, total cholesterol and GSSG/total GSH and increase in hepatic aldehyde dehydrogenase (ALDH), total GSH and serum albumin. Administration with the root extract of LS decreased blood ethanol content compared with the other part extracts. But, serum triglyceride values in rats treated with root and stem extract were higher than that of the negative control animals. Flower extract-fed group showed decrease in body weight and serum triglyceride, but increase in the ratio of GOT and glutamic-pyruvic transaminase (GPT), and GSSG/total GSH. From the results, we conclude that the extracts of root and leaf among the plant parts of LS might be useful for the amelioration of the chronic alcohol-induced liver demage of rat.

• The Korean Journal of Mycology
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• v.47 no.4
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• pp.417-425
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• 2019

Biocontrol agents (BCAs) are widely used to protect plants from diverse biotic and abiotic stresses in agricultural and ecological fields. Among the various microbes, many subspecies of the gram-positive genus, Bacillus, have been successfully industrialized as eco-friendly biological pesticides and fertilizers. In the current study, we demonstrated that Bacillus thuringiensis C25 exhibited antagonistic effects on the mycelial growth of Rosellinia necatrix, a fungal phytopathogen. Scanning electron microscopy analysis revealed that B. thuringiensis C25 degraded the cell wall structures of R. necatrix mycelia. In the functional genomic analysis of B. thuringiensis C25, we annotated 5,683 genes and selected the gene sets that potentially encoded fungal cell wall degrading enzymes (CWDEs). The growth inhibition effects on R. necatrix were highly correlated with the transcriptional activity of the mycelial cell wall degrading genes of B. thuringiensis C25. The transcript levels of CWDEs, including CshiA, B, and Glycos_transf_2 genes in B. thuringiensis C25, were enhanced following co-cultivation with R. necatrix. In conclusion, our study suggested that B. thuringiensis C25 could serve as a suitable candidate for controlling R. necatrix and could facilitate elucidating the mechanisms underlying the antifungal activities of BCAs against phytopathogens.

• Journal of Applied Biological Chemistry
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• v.53 no.1
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• pp.21-24
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• 2010

In recent years, many agricultural scientists are studying on eco-friendly farming methods. Among of lots of the methods, the natural insecticides are highly motivated and interested due to their safety and biodegradable issues, and readily available source of bioinsecticides. In this study, the crude extract of custard apple (Annona reticulata L.) seed and its three fractions which were separated based on polarity indexes were examined for their insecticidal activities against Myzus persicae Sulzer and Nilaparvata lugens S.. The crude extract (Aceton/MeOH) showed strong insecticidal activities against both insects at 3.00 mg/mL ($LD_{50}$=0.45mg/mL for M. persicae S. and 1.42 mg/mL for N. lugens S.). Furthermore, simple fractionation with hexane, chloroform, and water lead to increase three-folds insecticidal activity on chloroform fraction ($LD_{50}$=0.13mg/mL for M. persicae S. and 1.14 mg/mL for N. lugens S.). The results suggest that A. reticulata extracts might be used to control for M. persicae effectively.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
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• v.39 no.11
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• pp.1684-1690
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• 2010

The properties of non-waxy rice, Dongjin 1, cultivated with conventional farming (CF) and environmentally-harmonized farming (EHF) using hairy vetch were compared to determine rice water absorption, physicochemical and pasting properties, antioxidant activities of brown and white rice, and a sensory evaluation of cooked white rice was carried out. EHF was treated with green manure crops such as hairy vetch and chitinase, which produce microorganism culture solution. CF was applied with seed disinfection treatments, fertilizer herbicides, and agricultural chemicals for the control of pests and diseases. The absorption level of EHF rice was higher than that of CF rice grain, regardless of the cultivation methods used. The ash and crude lipid contents were higher, but protein and dietary fiber contents were lower in the CF rice than in the EHF rice. The total starch content, water binding capacity, and swelling power of white rice were higher than those of brown rice, regardless of the cultivation methods used. The DPPH's antioxidant activity was shown as follows: EHF brown rice, EHF white rice and CF rice, in a decreasing order. The initial pasting temperature of EHF rice was lower than that of CF rice, but the peak, cold, and breakdown viscosities exhibited reverse trends. The sensory evaluation showed that the cooked white rice cultivated with EHF was not significantly different from that cultivated with CF (p<0.05). The overall preference of cooked rice did not show significant differences between the two cultivation methods (p<0.05).

• The Korean Journal of Pesticide Science
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• v.20 no.1
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• pp.35-40
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• 2016

Recently, bacterial angular leaf spot disease, caused by Xanthomonas fragariae, causes severe damage in strawberry production and its' export to other countries, since the pathogen has been classified as an A2 quarantine pathogen. Typical the Angular Leaf Spot (ALS) disease represent that water-soaked angular spots symptoms, bacteria ooze exudate under relatively high humidity condition and later the spot become reddish brown on the leaf surface. The pathogen disseminated by irrigation water, infected mother plant and farmer's hand. In this study, we reported that rubbing inoculation method showed more effective in the pathogen dissemination than infiltration with needles, regardless the strawberry cultivars. Additionally, Dichloroisocyanurate (NaDCC) treatment in commercial strawberry fields provided reliable efficiency to reduce the bacterial angular leaf spot disease incidency and severity.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.19 no.5
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• pp.681-688
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• 2018

As environmental regulations have been strengthened and high fuel efficiency has been in demand in recent years, the number of ships using natural gas as a fuel is increasing. The demand for ships using LPG or methanol, which are emerging as eco-friendly vessel fuels, is also increasing. In this perspective, ME-LGI engines using LPG or methanol as a fuel have attracted considerable attention. Ships equipped with an ME-LGI engine are required to check the reliability of the fuel injection valve during shipping. This means that the development of a fuel injection valve tester is essential for the commercialization of ME-LGI engine. This study conducted the conceptual design of a fuel injection valve tester for ME-LGI engines using a system engineering process in the order of requirements analysis, functional analysis, and design synthesis. In the requirement analysis stage, the operating process of fuel injection valve was analyzed, and the necessity of checking the sealing oil leakage was then derived. In the functional analysis stage, the functions and flow of them were defined at each functional level. In the design synthesis stage, the equipment for each function was set and the process block diagram based on it was derived. In addition, preliminary risk analysis was performed as a part of system analysis and control, and safety measures were added to the conceptual design. This study is expected to be a good reference material for the concept design of other systems in the future because it shows the application process of a system engineering process to the conceptual design in detail.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.18 no.2
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• pp.294-301
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• 2017

In this study, we found the optimal manufacturing conditions of livestock manure sludge RDF with the oil-drying method. We performed oil evaporation, oil drying and pelletizing of the sludge to evaluate the value of the product (sludge RDF), and measured the performance of the product using calorimeter and PXRF equipment. Also, we conducted the calorie comparison test between sludge RDF manufactured in this study and wood RDF generally used in the field. Experimental results showed that 30g of the sludge treated by vegetable oil at $130^{\circ}C$ for 25 minutes were the optimal conditions to make the sludge RDF (considering the aspects of eco-friendly and mass production). The caloric value of the sludge RDF manufactured in this study was 5211kcal/kg which is higher than that of wood RDF used widely in the market. Finally, PXRF results showed sludge RDF contains no heavy metals with the exception of sulfur. Therefore, we recommend more study about the sulfur control process for future development of the industrial manufacturing process.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Landscape Architecture
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• v.41 no.5
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• pp.68-77
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• 2013

Change in the Global Climate causes flood, drought, heavy snow, and rainfall patterns in the Korean Peninsula. A variety of alternatives related to climate change are considered. The foreign researchers are interested in Low Impact Development(LID); the utilization of water resources and eco friendly development, over 10 years ago. The research and development of related technology has been advanced to apply LID techniques in order to develop several projects in the country. However, sharing of technology or system that can be used easily in the private sector is insufficient. The performance of the elements of LID Technology has not been fully agreed. LID elements of this technology are easy to apply to Apartment complex. The elements are classified technology. The infiltration of elements performs the functions of apartment complex landscaping space technology applied to the target. The water cycle simulation(SWMM 5.0) and technology the implementation of the effectiveness is also verified. For this purpose, three different places in apartment complex to target by SWMM5.0 U.S. EPA conducted utilizing simulated rainfall and applying LID techniques before and after the simulated water cycle (infiltration, surface evaporation, and surface runoff) were conducted. The importance of green space in the LID techniques of quantitative and qualitative storm water control as well as the role of Apartment Housing is to promote Amenity. Remember that the physical limitations of apartment complex and smooth water circulation system for the application of LID integrated management techniques should be applied. To this end, landscapes, architecture, civil engineering, environmental experts for technical consilience between the Low Impact Development efforts are required.