• 환경영향평가
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• 제15권4호
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• pp.279-288
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• 2006

Saemangeum reclamation project was started in 1991 with the purpose of eco-friendly reclamation, but without clear definition of eco-friendliness. This study was carried out to find out the environmental indicators to define and evaluate the eco-friendliness of Saemangeum project. The methodology to identify the indicators included the analysis of similar reclamation projects, professional discussions, and Delphi survey. The eco-friendly indicators are theoretically based on the five elements of eco-friendliness; 1) resource consumption, 2) energy consumption, 3) pollution emission, 4) bio-diversity, 5) social amenity. The 69 indicators were explained in detail for the convenient use of the indicators by the potential users. The 69 indicators were classified into three categories such as pre-evaluation, process evaluation, and post-evaluation. In terms of spatial consideration, the 69 indicators were classified into two categories such as direct influence area and indirect influence area. Also the 69 indicators were classified into 7 categories: 1) sea, 2) lake, 3) agricultural land use, 4) industrial land use, 5) residential land use, 6) tourism land use, and 7) environmental land use. Twenty core indicators were selected from the 69 indicators by surveying the importance of each indicator. The core indicators are recommended in case of time and budget strain. When there are few quantitative data accumulated for the reclamation project, 5 macro indicators are recommended to be used. Macro indicators are qualitative in nature, and may be used in order to evaluate the overall eco-friendliness of a reclamation project.

• 한국조경학회지
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• 제33권6호
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• pp.78-89
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• 2006

This study was conducted to analyze the planting structure and ecological characteristics of greon spaces on the grounds of e Dangjin steam power plant. To achieve these goals, we surveyed existing vegetation, plant community structure, Plant volume and growth rate. Based on e vegetation analysis, existing vegetation was classified into six types: herbaceous species $(70.54\%)$, evergreen coniferous trees $(21.17\%)$, deciduous broad-leaved trees $(5.10\%)$, deciduous coniferous trees $(1.47\%)$, shrubs $(0.12\%)$, and other types $(1.59\%)$. The coal storage, office, and playground areas were community is the natural forest area where a Pinus thunbergii / Pinus densiflora community is distributed in terms of vegetation structure, species diversity, plant volume, and growth rate. The artificial green spaces(near the coal storage, office, playground areas) had a single-layer structure. Species diversity indices of the artificial green areas were $0.1655\~0.4807$ compared to 0.8628 in the natural forest, which presented a good growth environment. Also, the plant volume in the artificial green space was lower than that of the natural green space. Therefore, it would be desirable to develope a multi-layer structure similar to that of the vegetation in the natural green space in order to improve the amount of plant volume. The plant-damage ratio of Pinus thunbergii was $52.48\%$ in the coal storage area, and $8.48\~ 11.52\%$, in the other survey areas. Also, the vitality of Pinus thunbergii was $15.45k{\Omega}$ in the coal storage areas, which indicates bad growing conditions. This suggests that soil characteristics and dust have a bad impact on growth. The investigation into deciduous tres' growth status showed that appropriate plants would be Albizzia julibrissin, Acer palmatum var. sanguineum, Acer palmatum, Malus spp., Prunus sargentii.

• 한국환경복원기술학회지
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• 제23권5호
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• pp.15-27
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• 2020

This study was carried out four times on 2005 and 2006, respectively May and October to understand the bird community and habitat using condition in the Daegu Bulnogoboon Jayeon Madang (DBJM). In this study, 34 species and 332 individuals were observed. The dominant species were Passer montanus 22.0%, Pica pica 18.1%, Hypsipetes amaurotis 6.02% and Sinosuthora webbiana 5.72%, and the species diversity was 2.797. With migration, the highest number and percentage to the lowest was residents 61.7%, summer visitors 26.5% and winter visitors 11.8%. Among 24 species which bred(check or possibility) in the DBJM, canopy was 50.0%, hole was 37.5% and bush was 12.5% in their nesting guilds. In foraging guilds in breeding season was canopy was 58.1%, water was 19.3% and bush was 16.1%, and in non-breeding season, canopy was 54.8%, water 22.6% and bush 19.3%. For the habitats of the birds in the DBJM, wetlands including reservoir area were used by herons, ducks and Hirundo rustica, grassland area was used by Sinosuthora webbiana, buntings and Passer montanus, and forest area was used by Streptopelia orientalis, woodpeckers, Hypsipetes amaurotis and tits. The number of species and individuals of birds observed in the DBJM was higher than other urban parks. We suggest that this was attributed to various man-made habitats such as wetland with reservoir, grassland and forest area constructed in the DBJM.

• 한국환경복원기술학회지
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• 제24권3호
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• pp.33-47
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• 2021

This study was conducted to investigate the influence of eco-friendly restoration in forested bog on the structure of benthic macroinvertebrate community. The benthic macroinvertebrates collected from the surveyed sites were composed of 1,071 individuals, 60 species, 40 families, 13 orders, 6 classes and 5 phyla. At the control and Site 3(small dam), the number of species and individuals were larger than that of other sites, and EPT group ratio was same as well. Considered by index, the dominance index (DI) was found the highest at the biotope area. The diversity index (H') and richness index (RI) were the highest at the control and Site 3. In addition, the ecological score of benthic macroinvertebrate (ESB) showed the highest at site 3, while the lowest at biotope area. The stability and recovery of benthic macrointebrates showed different according to restoration types at forested bog. After restoration project, the benthic macroinvertebrates were observed to get recovery at Site 3, and to have the highest communities stability at control and Site 3. At biotope areas (Site 4, Site 5 and Site 6) communities stability were the lowest, but showed different community stability values according to the presence of water. It is confirmed that the eco-friendly restoration projects indeed provided the better environment for the inhabitation of benthic macroinvertebrate community. The change of community index depending on the restoration projects suggests that the eco-friendly restoration can provide a more suitable environment for benthic macroinvertebrate ecosystem that prefers the stream environment.

• 한국환경복원기술학회지
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• 제21권5호
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• pp.39-60
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• 2018

National parks are designated for the purpose of maintenance, conservation and utilization of different habitats. Therefore, it is necessary to select habitats of a high value as a protected area in order to balance conservation and development. However, the existing national park boundary adjustment and new designation criteria only focused on the endangered species and protected area, without proper evaluation of the habitat value of actual species. Therefore, this study aims to quantitatively evaluate habitat function in terms of biodiversity and habitat value, so that it can be referred to for the designation and boundary adjustment of national parks. We assessed species diversity and habitat values for each of the habitat types, for mammals only, as they are able to choose preferred habitats. In order to evaluate biodiversity, we used Maxent to derive species richness map and used InVEST's Habitat quality model to evaluate habitat value. As a result of evaluation, species richness was high in the national park boundary area. Also, even if the same edge is adjacent to the development area depending on the land cover, the species richness is low. Compared with Wolaksan and Sobaeksan National Park, the species richness and habitat value of the northern area, which is connected with other forests, were higher than those of the southern area where roads were developed. Therefore, it is expected that the use of the result of this study for the national park boundary adjustment and management will enhance the function of the national park as a habitat.

• 한국조경학회지
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• 제42권2호
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• pp.52-64
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• 2014

본 연구는 최근 수년간 서울, 대전, 창원, 순천 등을 중심으로 생태도시 또는 생태브랜드를 도시의 정체성 및 도시의 이미지로 구축하기 위하여 홍보 및 광고, 관광 개발 등의 특화를 하기 시작했지만, 이러한 지자체의 노력이 도시 및 생활환경에 대한 만족도와 도시의 매력요인에 직접적인 영향을 미치고 있는지에 대한 의문으로부터 시작되었다. 따라서 생태도시 매력요인에 대한 의식조사를 통해 생태도시 브랜드 구축을 위한 계획 기준 및 관리방안을 모색하는데 목적을 두고 순천시를 대상으로 조사를 실시하였다. 본 연구의 중요한 결과로는 거주자와 방문자는 순천시의 친환경성에 대체로 만족하는 것으로 나타났고 생태도시로 높게 인식하고 있었다. 순천을 생태도시로 인식하는 이유로 거주자는 녹지가 다양하다는 의견이 높게 나타난 반면, 방문자는 순천시의 습지보전 현황에 만족하기 때문인 것으로 조사되었다. 생태도시 매력요인 만족도에 영향을 미치는 요인분석 결과, 거주자는 4개 요인(문화요인, 도시기반요인, 생태요인, 경관요인), 방문자는 5개 요인(문화요인, 도시기반요인, 생태요인, 경관요인, 어메니티요인)이 도출되었고, 문화요인과 도시기반요인이 거주자와 방문자의 전체만족도에 가장 많은 영향을 주는 것으로 나타났다. 중요도-만족도(ISA) 분석 결과, 거주자와 방문자는 생태도시의 매력요인 중 자연적 매력물의 다양함, 계절과 기후의 쾌적함, 자연경치의 아름다움, 희귀동식물의 다양함, 공원 녹지 거리 등의 다양함, 넓은 생태면적, 습지의 보전을 우선순위로 생각하고 있었다. 또한 생태도시의 매력요인에 있어서는 녹색교통의 활성화 및 도보환경이 중요하다고 평가하고 있지만, 실제로 순천시의 정비현황에 대해 만족도가 낮아 집중적으로 개선이 필요한 것으로 나타났다.

• Animal Systematics, Evolution and Diversity
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• 제28권4호
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• pp.279-290
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• 2012

Plecoglossus altivelis (ayu) is an amphidromous fish widely distributed in Northeastern Asia from the East China Sea to the northern Japanese coastal waters, encompassing the Korean Peninsula within its range. The shore lines of northeastern region in Asia have severely fluctuated following glaciations in the Quaternary. In the present study, we investigate the population genetic structure and historical demographic change of P. altivelis at a population level in East Asia. Analysis of molecular variance (AMOVA) based on 244 mitochondrial control region DNA sequences clearly showed that as the sampling scope extended to a larger geographic area, genetic differentiation began to become significant, particularly among Northeastern populations. A series of hierarchical AMOVA could detect the genetic relationship of three closely located islands between Korea and Japan that might have been tightly connected by the regional Tsushima current. Neutrality and mismatch distribution analyses revealed a strong signature of a recent population expansion of P. altivelis in East Asia, estimated at 126 to 391 thousand years ago during the late Pleistocene. Therefore it suggests that the present population of P. altivelis traces back to its approximate demographic change long before the last glacial maximum. This contrasts our a priori expectation that the most recent glacial event might have the most crucial effect on the present day demography of marine organisms through bottleneck and subsequent increase of effective population size in this region.

• 한국수산과학회지
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• 제54권6호
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• pp.1007-1016
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• 2021

This study examined the characteristics and seasonal distribution patterns of subtidal marine algal communities along the east coast of Korea, from 2016 to 2017, and recorded the coverage ratio (%) by the algal type. During the study period, 134 marine algae species (16 green, 29 brown, and 89 red) were identified at the survey sites. The maximum number of species was observed at the Nagok site (70 species), and the minimum at the Gisamoon site (50 species). The total average biomass (dry weight) during the survey period was 66.22 g/m², including green algae (2.19 g/m²), brown algae (38.10 g/m²), and red algae (25.94 g/m²). The dominant seaweeds in the vertical distribution based on coverage rates (%) were Sargassum yezoense and Dictyopteris divaricata at the upper, Symphyocladia latiuscula and Undaria pinnatifida at the middle, and Agarum clathratum subsp. yakishiriense and Plocamium telfairiae at the lower sections of the distribution. Richness, evenness, and diversity index, calculated based on the biomass of the abundant species, were estimated to be 6.36, 0.55, and 1.98, respectively, over the entire sea area. Based on the evaluation of the environmental states using community indices, the ecological evaluation index (EEI-c) of subtidal marine algal communities along the east coast of Korea was marked as 'good-moderate'.

• 한국환경복원기술학회지
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• 제15권6호
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• pp.1-16
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• 2012

The research has analysed the targeted land situation, the composition of species, legally controlled plants, vegetation distribution, dominance, species diversity, and the similarity to evaluate the plant characterization of the eco forest in Jangsan, Busan. The results of the research is as following. The number of the plants that belongs to the area is 63 families, 126 genuses, and 163 species. Among them the fern plants : 4 families, 5 genuses, 5 species, and the egg species : 5 families, 8 species, 10 species, and angiospermae : 54 families, 113 genuses, 148 species have been checked. Monocotyledoneae of angiospermae : 7 families, 20 genuses, 22 species (13.5%) and dicotyledoneae : 47 families, 93 genuses, 126 species (77.3%) have been totally checked. The endangered wildlife species by the standard of the Ministry of Environment and the rare plants by the standard of IUCN evaluation realesed by the Bureau of Forest and National Plant Institution has never been checked but one species of Weigela subsessilis has been checked as an approving plant in being delivered abroad, the 8 imported plant by the standard of National Plant Institution checked, some disturbing ecosystem plants released by the Ministry of Environment (2009) not emerged. The succession into the oak trees is occurring to the biodiversity of the researched area, the number of species and their species diversity.

• Animal Systematics, Evolution and Diversity
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• 제31권3호
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• pp.176-181
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• 2015

Biodiversity is plummeting worldwide, and the major causes of such decline include habitat degradation and climate change. While cities do contribute to the negative impact to the environment, they can also serve as strategic centres for conservation programs. Sites qualifying as biogeographic islands within metropolitan Seoul were studied for the occurrence of two hylid species: the endangered Hyla suweonensis and the abundant H. japonica. This study demonstrates that neither habitat diversity nor surface area, but solely the occurrence of aggregated rice paddies is a requisite for H. suweonensis, hypothetically due to its strict breeding requirements. On the contrary, H. japonica occurrence was not affected by any of these factors, and all types of habitats studied were adequate for this species. The presence of an endangered species within the boundaries of one of the most populated metropolises suggests a strong natural resilience, which should be enhanced with appropriate actions. We emphasize that the management plans therein can, and should, be used as the first step in the conservation of H. suweonensis in metropolitan Seoul.