• 무역상무연구
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• 제27권
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• pp.69-95
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• 2005

East Asia has played an important role in the economic and social development in the Asian pacific region and in the global arena. In the region the impact of companies centralizing their logistics activities around a few distribution centers has already led some leading ports such as Singapore, Hong Kong to transform and expand their functions and business activities to provide port users with value added logistics services. Other ports in the region also have an important part to play in the total logistics Chain. In these environments, the maritime activities of Jang BoGo, who was the maritime king of the commercial maritime empire in East Asia in the 9th century, give many implications to the international logistics network strategy that Korea has to take in order to become a power of International Logistics. Though the trading and economic environments at that time may be quite different from today, the super-national maritime management pattern that Jang Bo-go, founder of the Northeast Asian maritime trading kingdom devised, gives us many implications in the global trading and economic environments, in the respects of overseas direct investment and international logistics. Accordingly, the paper aims to examine the establishment of hub port in Northeast Asia, modelled after the maritime network management strategy of Jang BoGo.

• 한국지구과학회지
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• 제23권4호
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• pp.369-379
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• 2002

저온 습윤한 1993년 여름철과 고온 건조한 1994년 여름철과 관련된 동아시아에서 대조적인 여름철 몬순순환의 특성을 상, 하층 대류권의 대기순환 특성과 함께 전구 해수온도 및 적도 대류성 강수장을 분석함으로써 조사하였다. 1993년의 경우, 동아시아, 중앙 북태평양 및 미국 서부지역에서 500hpa 면과 200hpa 면의 음의 지위고도 편차가 나타났지만, 1994년의 경우, 이들 지역들에서 양의 편차를 보였다. 1993년의 아열대 제트류는 평년보다 다소 남쪽에 치우쳐져 한반도 북쪽에 위치하였다. 서태평양 아열대 고기압이 남쪽으로 이동하여 동아시아지역에는 평년보다 많은 여름철 강수와 낮은 여름철 기온이 나타났다. 이는 오오츠크해로부터 동해로 저온 습윤한 기단의 확장에 때문으로 판단된다. 대조적으로 1994년의 아열대 제트류는 평년보다 다소 북쪽에 위치하였고, 서태평양 아열대 고기압의 갑작스런 북상은 동아시아 여름철 강수대의 북상을 동반하였다. 따라서, 아시아 여름철 강수 및 기온 편차는 1993년과 반대 양상을 보였다. 적도 태평양상의 해수온 편차에서는, 1993년은 엘니뇨가, 1994년은 라니냐가 각각 나타났다. 오스트레일리아 고기압과 마스카렝 고기압의 북서 연변을 따른 하층 적도 횡단류와 관련된 서태평양과 인도양에서 이상적인 대류성 강수는 이들 대조적인 동아시아 여름철의 대규모 대기순환에 영향을 준 것으로 판단된다. 또한, 동아시아 여름몬순지역에서 평균된 200 hPa 면의 동서바람편차는 한반도 여름 기온편차와 음의 상관을 보였다.

• 수완나부미
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• 제10권2호
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• pp.143-153
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• 2018

The paper comments on the contribution of Oscar Salemink on his personal intellectual journal from Vietnam to Europe and back again. This then leads to the contemplation of the construction of Southeast Asia as a "place" or "locality", early preoccupations within the region of the national dimension. And more recent developments in universities in Singapore, examining the continuing perceptions of Southeast Asia as a region and Singapore as its "gateway", and the increasing interest in "connectivities" and transnational relations between the region and other parts of Asia and the wider world.

• 해양환경안전학회지
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• 제9권2호
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• pp.65-72
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• 2003

1996년 6월에 실시된 CREAMS 항해 관측 자료를 이용하여 동해 남부 해역의 해황을 분석하였다. 1996년은 1990년∼1999년 사이의 다른 해에 비해 동해 남부 해역에 저수온 현상이 나타났으며, 이러한 현상은 일본 연안을 따라 이동하는 쓰시마난류의 지류가 더욱더 연안에 근접하여 이동하는 것과 관련이 있다. 쓰시마난류의 분포는 수심 200m 이천의 대륙붕 위에 존재하는 core 형태의 고염분수 분포와 지형류의 분포로부터 확인된다. 해수의 안정도 계산결과로부터 고온 고염분수인 쓰시마 난류의 유입은 연안역의 연직 밀도 구조에 영향을 주게 되며, 이로 인하여 수주의 불안정한 상태를 초래하는 요인 중 한가지로 작용하는 것으로 나타난다.

• Animal cells and systems
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• 제2권2호
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• pp.259-267
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• 1998

A deletion of one out of the two copies of 9-bp repeat sequence (CCCCCTCTA), between the cytochrome oxidase II and Iysine tranfer RNA (COII/$tRNA^{Lys}$) genes in human mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) has been used as a polymorphic anthropological marker for people of east Asian origin, and to lesser extent, Pacific and African populations. We searched for the 9-bp deletion of the intergenic COII/$tRNA^{Lys}$ Lys region in two Korean populations (175 from Seoul and 38 from Cheju) and examine the distibution of this deletion in world populations. The 9-bp deletion was detected directly by electrophoresis of the polymerase chain reaction (PCR)-amplified nucleotide(nt) 8211-8310 mtDNA fragment. The frequencies of the 9-bp deletion were significantly different between the Seoul (16%) and Cheju (8%) populations. Examination of data from the world populations suggests a geographic gradient. The frequency reaches its highest values in some Pacific island populations and decreases along the southeast Asia-Siberia transect. In spite of this geographic gradient, Mongoloid populations including Korean, Chinese, Japanese, and Mongolian populations were relatively homo-geneous with regard to the 9-bp deletion type of the intergenic COII/$tRNA^{Lys}$ region. These results indicate Koreans are genetically related to northeast Asian populations, and have a maternal mongoloid ancestry. Therefore, the 9-bp deletion of the intergenic COII/$tRNA^{Lys}$ region will provide significant information to elucidate the historical patterns of migration of the Mongoloids.

• Asia-Pacific Journal of Atmospheric Sciences
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• 제54권4호
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• pp.545-561
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• 2018

Over the North East Asia, extreme anomalous precipitation were observed in 2013 and 2014. During 2013 summer the precipitation was found to be higher (two standard deviation) than the climatological mean of the region; whereas during 2014, which was a borderline El Ni?o year, precipitation was found to be lower (one standard deviation). To understand the differences of these two anomalous years the Global/Regional Integrated Model system (GRIMs) has been used. The study found that low landsurface temperature and high sea-surface temperature over ocean caused a smaller land-sea contrast of surface temperature between East Asia and North West Pacific Ocean in 2014, which could have caused an eastward shift of mean monsoon circulation in that year compared to the circulation in 2013. Due to a change in the lower level circulation and wind field over East Asia the evaporation and moisture transport patterns became very different in those two years. In 2013, this study found high latent heat flux over Eastern China, which implies an increased surface evaporation over that region, and the moisture transported to the north by the mean monsoon circulation; whereas, there was no correlated transport of moisture to the North East Asia during 2014. The precipitable water over North East Asia has a stronger correlation with the latent heat flux over southern land region than that from Ocean region in the eastern side in both the years. A new approach is proposed to estimate the sub-grid scale hydrometeors from GRIMs, overestimated in the existing model.

• 대기
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• 제18권1호
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• pp.55-70
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• 2008

The global time slice approach is a transient experiment using high resolution atmosphere-only model with boundary condition from the low resolution globally coupled ocean-atmosphere model. The present study employs this "time slice concept" using ECHAM4 atmosphere-only model at a horizontal resolution of T106 with the lower boundary forcing obtained from a lower-resolution (T42) greenhouse gas + aerosol forcing experiment performed using the ECHO-G/S (ECHAM4/HOPE-G) coupled model. In order to assess the impact of horizontal resolution on simulated East Asian summer monsoon climate, the differences in climate response between the time slice experiments of the present and that of IPCC SRES AR4 participating 21 models including coarser (T30) coupled model are compared. The higher resolution model from time slice experiment in the present climate show successful performance in simulating the northward migration and the location of the maximum rainfall during the rainy season over East Asia, although its rainfall amount was somewhat weak compared to the observation. Based on the present climate simulation, the possible change of East Asian summer monsoon rainfall in the future climate by the IPCC SRES A1B scenario, tends to be increased especially over the eastern part of Japan during July and September. The increase of the precipitation over this region seems to be related with the weakening of northwestern part of North Pacific High and the formation of anticyclonic flow over the south of Yangtze River in the future climate.

• 동아시아식생활학회지
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• 제20권5호
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• pp.639-654
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• 2010

This study attempted to research the local food of various regions at a personal level by discovering how food has developed das part of a region's culture base. Discovery of the characteristic story behind the making of a region's characteristic food as local delicacies can inspire self-esteem in the culture, and enhance the real-life image as appropriate to a region, and thereby be made a part of local tourism and thus contributing to the local economy. For this reason, the native foods of the region of Chungcheongnam-do were researched in terms of the cultural sensibilities that inform the unique history of that region. The study was designed so as to aid in understanding food's characteristic value in Chungcheongnam-do and to give a historical representation of Chungcheongnam-do's image by means of storytelling techniques; thus, the local food's character can be presented alongside a story that appeals to the five senses. For this purpose, Chungcheongnam-do's representative native rice table was cast as the 'Hyunchoong rice meal table' - after the figure of admiral Yi Sun Shin of Asan area region, a representative image of Chungcheongnam-do - and 'Choosa rice meal table', after the figure of 'Choosa' Kim Jeong Hee of Yesan region, of which various literary works form a representative image of Chungcheongnam-do. 'Hyunchoong rice meal table' was composed of a health food centered menu which could supply sufficient nutrition as a food ration in times of war or winter shortage, thus providing an image of nutrition and power as appropriate to these situations. Also, to assess the health effectiveness of each rice table, the functionality of the ingredients were investigated as reported in 'Sik-ryo-chan-yo : a dietary treatment' which was published by Soon-Ui Cheon in the Chosun era and by which the foods of the early Chosun era won recognition as being both healthy profitable.

• Strategy21
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• 통권40호
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• pp.115-130
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• 2016

The security environment surrounding the East Asian seas is rapidly changing due to the naval arms race among coastal states. The arms race is likely to worsen the security dilemma of the countries involved, thus increasing the chances for armed conflicts. It is too early to tell how the contemporary naval arms race in the region will evolve. But, for sure, the level of uncertainty is increasingly becoming high and intense. At the same time, there is emerging a legal warfare or lawfare among the rival countries. In particular, the United States and China have been involved in a serious debate about the nature and scope of the right of innocent passage and freedom of navigation in other countries' maritime zones. In collaboration with its regional allies, the United States has also put normative pressures on China with its excessive claims in the South China Sea. The latest arbitral tribunal case between the Philippines and China illustrates the point. With both arms race and normative competition in play, the future of East Asian maritime security will remain very complex and uncertain.

• Asian Journal of Atmospheric Environment
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• 제9권1호
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• pp.48-56
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• 2015

The trajectory analysis of boundary layer ozone data at four regional sites in the East Asian outflow regions in Japan was carried out together with boundary layer ozone data observed at Mt. Tai and Mt. Huang in the source region of central eastern China during the monsoon onset in May-June 2003 and 2004. At all sites, the influences of anthropogenic emissions from East Asia have been found. During May and June 2004, the evidences of direct pollution transport from central eastern China to Hedo, an outflow site in Okinawa Island were observed. Ozone mixing ratios associated with air masses from central eastern China averaged 45 ppb while those associated with clean air masses from the Pacific were only 14 ppb, which resulted in averaged 31 ppb increase of ozone mixing ratios during the pollution episodes from central eastern China at Cape Hedo. Using transport time analysis and averaging all ozone episodes transported from central eastern China, the ozone dilution rate of 5.4 ppb per day was roughly estimated during air masses transported from source to outflow regions at Hedo. In the regions nearby Japanese mainland, however ozone increases by long-range transports were more related to both domestic and East Asian sources as a whole.