• 한국토양동물학회지
• /
• 제8권1_2호
• /
• pp.7-12
• /
• 2003

지렁이 (Eisenia andrei)의 중장에서 내생의 endoglucanase 유전자의 전체 염기 서열을 동정하였다. ORF의 길이는 1,371 bp이며, 456개의 아미노산으로 번역된다. NCBI에 등록된 가재와 흰개미의 cellulase 및 endo-$\beta$-1, 4-glucanase와 50-51%의 유사성을 보이며, 활성 부위가 잘 보존되어 있었다. 계통수 분석에서는 다른 동물 분류군에서 밝혀진 GHF9 그룹의 cellulase와 근연관계가 없음이 확인되었다.

• 한국축산시설환경학회지
• /
• 제15권3호
• /
• pp.289-296
• /
• 2009

The effects of the processing mixture of pig manure and various organic wastes on the growth, cast production of earthworm, and conversion of organic matter to earthworm tissues by vermicomposting. The substances used in this experiments were sawdust, rice hull, coffee waste, brewery waste, litters, turfgrass cutting residues, rice bran, vegetable wastes and rice straw and were mixed with pig manure at a ratios of 50:50 (v/v), and pig manure 100% (control), respectively. The highest values of growth parameters, cast production and conversion efficiency of organic matter to earthworm tissues were obtained at the mixtures of pig manure with coffee waste, it may due to the favourable diet conditions to process with pig manure by vermicomposting. But, all of the earthworm died in the pig manure 100% (control) and pig manure with vegetable wastes treatments by vermicomposting was impossible in this experiment. The vermicast contained a higher values of total nitrogen, available phosphorus, exchangeable cations and cation exchange capacity than their parent materials with increased availability of nutrients and improved physicochemical properties.

• Archives of Pharmacal Research
• /
• 제21권4호
• /
• pp.374-377
• /
• 1998

The freeze-dried powder of Lumbricus rubellus earthworm was administered orally to rats and its fibrinolytic and antithrombotic effects were investigated. The fibrinolytic activity of plasma was determined by measuring the plasmin activity of the euglobulin fraction and was increased to two-folds of the control at a dose of 0.5 g/kg/day and five times with 1 g/kg/day after 4-day administration. The antithrombotic effect was studied in an arterio-venous shunt model of rats. The thrombus weight decreased significantly from 43.2 mg to 32.4 mg at a dose of 0.5 g/kg/day after 8-day treatment. The level of fibrinogen/fibrin degradation product (FDP) in serum was elevated in a dose-dependent manner during the treatment period. On the 8th day after administration, the FDP value was increased to 7.7 $\mu\textrm{g}$g/ml compared with the control value of 3.3 $\mu\textrm{g}$g/ml. These results support that earthworm powder is valuable for the prevention and/or treatment of thrombotic conditions.

• 한국토양비료학회지
• /
• 제39권5호
• /
• pp.280-284
• /
• 2006

농경지에 과거에 사용했거나 사용중인 살균제 14종에 대하여 농경지에 뿌려지는 추천사용량을 기준으로 토양표토처리법, 침지법, 여지접촉법으로 실험을 수행하였다. 그 결과 추천사용량에서 14종의 농약이 무처리와 통계적으로 유의성이 없는 것으로 나타나, 이런 농약들은 줄지렁이 치사에 영향을 주지 않는 것으로 판단되었다. 그러나 benomyl, Thiophanate-methyl, carbendazim 농약은 지렁이에게 독성이 높은 것으로 보고되어 있어 추가적인 검토가 필요하다고 생각된다.

• 한국유기농업학회지
• /
• 제5권1호
• /
• pp.125-135
• /
• 1996

A study was made to investigate the possibility of treating various organic waste of cattle manure, swine manure, goat manure, apple pomace, chinese medicine residue and coffee less by feeding these to earthworms and then by studying the growth and reproductive efficiency of earthworms, and the chemical composition of worm cast and its production. The results are summarized as follows. 1. When the feed for earthworms were in good condition which were cattle manure, swine manure and apple pomace, the reproductive efficiency of earthworms was improved however in worse condition the feed of which were goat manure and chinese medicine residue, the increasing rate(IR) became faster. 2. Despite the high content of organic matter(OM) in coffee lees, the earthworms fed coffee lees showed significantly lower reproductive efficiency and increasing rate(IR) than those fed other organic waste due mainly to its lower pH and lower total nitrogen(TN) content. Therefore, when coffee lees is considered to be fed to earthworms, it is believed necessary to be mixed with addiveves or other organic waste in order to improve the feed condition. 3. pH in swine manure, goat manure, apple pomace, chinese medicine residue and coffee lees became neutralized by being fed by earthworms. 4. Available P2O5 and exchangeable cation(EC) of earthworm cast were a little increased compared to those of feed. The contents of Mn, Fe and Cu in earthworm cast were a little decreased to compared to those of feed. 5. The contents of Mn, Fe and Cu in earthworm cast were a little a decreased to compared to those of feed. 6. Mean fresh weight of earthworm at final time(FW2) was negatively correlated with number of young worms(NY)(P<0.01), but positively with increasing rate(IR) (P<0.001) and C/N ratio(P<0.05) respectively. Number of cocoons (NC) and fresh weight of cocoons(WC) were positively(P<0.01) correlated with fresh weight of young worms (WY) and digested matter(DI) but negatively(P<0.001) correlated with residual matter(WY) and digested matter(DI) but negatively(P<0.001) correlated with residual matter(RW). Number of young worms(NY) and fresh weigh of young worms(WY) were negatively(P<0.001) correlated with increasing rate(IR), however increasing rate(IR) of earthworm was positively(P<0.05) correlatedd with C/N ratio.

• 한국지하수토양환경학회지:지하수토양환경
• /
• 제20권6호
• /
• pp.46-54
• /
• 2015

Toxicity and uptake of 2,4,6-trinitrotoluene (TNT) in three different soils (OECD soil, natural soil and loess) to earthworm (Eisenia fetida) were investigated at several different spiked concentrations of TNT (0 to 200 mg/kg for OECD and natural soils, and 0 to 35 mg/kg for loess) and for different exposure periods (7, 14, 21, and 28 d). The LC₅₀ values for 7 d exposure were 160.1, 159.4, and 28.81 mg/kg for OECD soil, natural soil, and loess, respectively. The LC₅₀ values for 14, 21, and 28 d exposure were almost the same as those for 7 d exposure, showing that 7 d exposure time was enough to decide the toxicity (LC₅₀) of TNT to Eisenia fetida, because the highest concentration of TNT in earthworm body was observed within around 5 d. The LC₅₀ and uptake of TNT in loess were higher than those in OECD and natural soil. The uptake of TNT to the earthworm were correlated well with the initial concentration of TNT in the soil and TNT porewater concentration (R²> 0.9 in OECD, natural, and loess). The concentration of TNT in earthworm body decreased after 5 d, possibly caused by natural degradation of TNT by soil bacteria as well as earthworm.

• 유기물자원화
• /
• 제12권4호
• /
• pp.130-138
• /
• 2004

서로 다른 지역에서 발생한 음식물 쓰레기에 제지슬러지, 인분케익을 혼합하여 부숙시킨 후, 부숙기간에 따른 음식물 쓰레기의 이화학적 성상 및 줄지렁이의 섭식반응 및 생체량 변화를 조사하였다. 발생지역에 따른 음식물 쓰레기의 이화학적 성상은 큰 차이가 없는 것으로 나타났으며, 지렁이가 섭식하기에는 음식물 쓰레기내의 염분 농도가 전반적으로 높게 나타났다. 음식물 쓰레기에 인분케?을 혼합하여 부숙시켰을 때보다 제지슬러지를 혼합, 부숙시켰을 경우 염류농도 저하효과가 높게 나타났으나, 지렁이의 섭식효율과 생장률을 크게 개선시킬만큼 효율적이지는 않은 것으로 나타났다. 따라서 음식물 쓰레기에 대해서 지렁이 처리법을 적용시키기 위해서는 음식물 쓰레기내의 염류농도를 저하시키는 방법의 개발이 선행되어야 할 것으로 판단된다.

• 유기물자원화
• /
• 제24권3호
• /
• pp.101-108
• /
• 2016

경기도 포천시 하수처리장에서 수처리후 탈수된 몇 가지 유기성 슬러지내 크롬과 망간 농도에 대하여 조사하였다. 또한, 슬러지 급이량 변화에 따른 줄지렁이(Eisenia fetida) 체내 크롬과 망간의 생물축적에 대하여 고찰하였다. 유기성 슬러지내의 크롬과 망간 농도는 각각 0.0~0.3 mg/kg, 3.6~17.6 mg/kg를 나타내었기에, 이러한 중금속 농도들은 지렁이 개체군에 대하여 급성독성을 유발시키지 않는 것으로 판단되었다. 그리고, 슬러지 급이량 증가에 의하여 지렁이 체내에 크롬의 생물축적이 이루어졌으나 슬러지 공급량에 비례해서 크롬 농도가 증가하지 않았으며, 일정한 농도로 유지되다가 감소하는 경향을 나타내었다. 한편, 망간에 대해서는 생물축적이 거의 일어나지 않았다. 본 실험으로부터 60 g의 슬러지를 공급하였을 때, BAF 값은 망간의 경우 0.00~0.12이었으며, 인분슬러지를 주입하였을 때 BAF 값은 크롬의 롬 경우 19.33를 나타내었다.

• 유기물자원화
• /
• 제11권1호
• /
• pp.92-96
• /
• 2003

본 연구는 하수슬러지 지렁이 퇴비화 장치 개발을 목적으로 재래식 지렁이 이용기술의 문제점 개선 및 지렁이 생리 생태를 이용하여 제작된 소규모 지렁이 퇴비화 장치의 성능평가을 통한 현장 적용 가능한 장치 설계 및 운영지표 설정을 위한 실험 결과 실험장치 성능평가에서는 하수슬러지 급이시 입자크기와 먹이 공급 층의 높이가 각각 5mm 크기와 10cm 두께로 급이 할 때 처리율이 가장 높았으며, 지렁이 적정 밀도는 20~25kg${\cdot}$지렁이/50kg${\cdot}$하수슬러지로 나타났다. 또한 분변토 분리효율은 지렁이 사육상 높이를 80cm으로 운영했을 때 분리효율이 가장 높게 나타났으며, 일 2톤의 하수슬러지 처리가 가능한 $5{\times}3{\times}1m$ 크기의 지렁이 퇴비화 장치 설계가 가능하였다.

• 한국토양비료학회지
• /
• 제50권6호
• /
• pp.588-597
• /
• 2017

Food waste has been recognized as a critical problem in Korea and many research was conducted to efficiently reutilize or treat food waste. Main purpose of this research was to evaluate a feasibility for producing fermented organic fertilizer with mixture of earthworm cast (EC). Four different treatments were mixed with food waste and EC at the rate of 0, 10, 20, and 30%, respectively. Total days of composting experiment were 84 days and each sub samples were collected at every 7 days from starting of composting. Results showed that inner temperature in composting was increased to $70{\pm}4^{\circ}C$ within 5~10 days depending on mixing ratio of EC. Among different treatment, the highest increase of inner temperature was observed in treatment mixed with food waste and EC 30%. After finishing composting experiment, maturity was evaluated with solvita and germination test. Maturity index (MI) of each treatment was ranged between 5~7 indicating that manufactured fertilizer was curing or finished stage. Calculated germination index (GI) was at the range of 104~116 depending on mixing ratio of EC. Both MI and GI showed that manufactured fertilizer was suitable for fertilizer criteria while control (FW only) was not adequate for composting. Overall, earthworm cast can be utilized for improving compost maturity by mixing with food waste and more research should be conducted to make high quality of food waste compost with earthworm cast in agricultural fields.