• Earthquakes and Structures
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• 제14권2호
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• pp.155-165
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• 2018

Methods based on nonlinear static analysis as simple tools could be used for the seismic analysis and assessment of structures. In the present study, capability of the N2 method as a well-known nonlinear analysis procedure examines for the estimation of the damage index of multi-storey reinforced concrete frames. In the implemented framework, equivalent single-degree-of-freedom (SDOF) models are utilized for the global damage estimation of multi-degree-of-freedom (MDOF) systems. This method does not require high computational analysis and subsequently decreases the required time of seismic design and assessment process. To develop the methodology, RC frames with period range from 0.4 to 2.0 s under 40 records are studied. The effectiveness of proposed technique is evaluated through numerical study under near- and far-field earthquake ground motions. Finally, the results of developed models are compared with two other simplified schemes along with nonlinear time history analysis results of multi-storey frames. To improve the accuracy of damage estimation, a modified relation is presented based on the N2 method results for near- and far-field earthquakes.

• Smart Structures and Systems
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• 제32권1호
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• pp.49-59
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• 2023

A bridge transportation network supplies products from various source nodes to destination nodes through bridge structures in a target region. However, recent frequent earthquakes have caused damage to bridge structures, resulting in extreme direct damage to the target area as well as indirect damage to other lifeline structures. Therefore, in this study, a surrogate model-based comprehensive framework to estimate the seismic resilience of bridge transportation networks is proposed. For this purpose, total system travel time (TSTT) is introduced for accurate performance indicator of the bridge transportation network, and an artificial neural network (ANN)-based surrogate model is constructed to reduce traffic analysis time for high-dimensional TSTT computation. The proposed framework includes procedures for constructing an ANN-based surrogate model to accelerate network performance computation, as well as conventional procedures such as direct Monte Carlo simulation (MCS) calculation and bridge restoration calculation. To demonstrate the proposed framework, Pohang bridge transportation network is reconstructed based on geographic information system (GIS) data, and an ANN model is constructed with the damage states of the transportation network and TSTT using the representative earthquake epicenter in the target area. For obtaining the seismic resilience curve of the Pohang region, five epicenters are considered, with earthquake magnitudes 6.0 to 8.0, and the direct and indirect damages of the bridge transportation network are evaluated. Thus, it is concluded that the proposed surrogate model-based framework can efficiently evaluate the seismic resilience of a high-dimensional bridge transportation network, and also it can be used for decision-making to minimize damage.

• 한국지진공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국지진공학회 2006년도 학술발표회 논문집
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• pp.358-365
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• 2006

In this study, fragility curves of continuous buried pipelines subjected to transverse PGD (permanent ground deformation) due to liquefaction are proposed. For the waterworks system, continuos buried pipelines made of ductile iron, poly ethylene, and poly vinyl chloride are analyzed and fragility curves are drawn. Fragility curves are based on the repetitive analyses results and formulated with the dominant factors of behaviour of buried pipeline. With the use of fragility curves, engineers can estimate the status of damage of buried pipeline without overall knowledge of relevant features. Especially, fragility curves proposed in this study will act as a major module of earthquake loss estimation method. Moreover, critical value of magnitude and width of transverse PGD (by which the full damage status of buried pipelines are induced) are estimated. With the use of regression curves of these values, pre evaluation of seismic safety of buried pipelines located within liquefaction hazardous region will be possible.

• 한국CDE학회논문집
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• 제20권1호
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• pp.55-64
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• 2015

The earthquake is a natural disaster causing loss of life or property damage and happens more often in Korea recently. Moreover, considering the increase of massive buildings, it is required to predict and visualize the information of the vibration in a building. In this paper, we developed a prototype framework to visualize the displacement information in the AR environments. In order to avoid the irregular halts of the scene and the unnatural distortion of the object, this framework uses the synchronization method at the scene update time and the interpolation of the sensor data for the displacement of vertices. In addition, we studied displacement estimation methods with the acceleration data to extend this framework to the system with accelerators.

• Computers and Concrete
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• 제4권3호
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• pp.167-186
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• 2007

Ductility based design of reinforced concrete structures implicitly assumes certain damage under the action of a design basis earthquake. The damage undergone by a structure needs to be quantified, so as to assess the post-seismic reparability and functionality of the structure. The paper presents an analytical method of quantification and location of seismic damage, through system identification methods. It may be noted that soft ground storied buildings are the major casualties in any earthquake and hence the example structure is a soft or weak first storied one, whose seismic response and temporal variation of damage are computed using a non-linear dynamic analysis program (IDARC) and compared with a normal structure. Time period based damage identification model is used and suitably calibrated with classic damage models. Regenerated stiffness of the three degrees of freedom model (for the three storied frame) is used to locate the damage, both on-line as well as after the seismic event. Multi resolution analysis using wavelets is also used for localized damage identification for soft storey columns.

• Structural Monitoring and Maintenance
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• 제9권2호
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• pp.107-127
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• 2022

Structural health monitoring (SHM) has been related to damage identification with either operational loads or other environmental loading playing a significant complimentary role in terms of structural safety. In this study, a non-parametric method of time frequency analysis on the measurement is used to address the time-frequency representation for modal parameter estimation and system damage identification of structure. The method employs the wavelet decomposition of dynamic data by using the modified complex Morlet wavelet with variable central frequency (MCMW+VCF). Through detail discussion on the selection of model parameter in wavelet analysis, the method is applied to study the dynamic response of both steel structure and reinforced concrete frame under white noise excitation as well as earthquake excitation from shaking table test. Application of the method to building earthquake response measurement is also examined. It is shown that by using the spectrogram generated from MCMW+VCF method, with suitable selected model parameter, one can clearly identify the time-varying modal frequency of the reinforced concrete structure under earthquake excitation. Discussions on the advantages and disadvantages of the method through field experiments are also presented.

• 한국지반공학회논문집
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• 제20권7호
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• pp.33-44
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• 2004

지진시 측정되는 strong motion 데이터와 시설물의 손상의 상관관계를 구하기 위하여 본 연구를 수행하였다. 지진시 측정된 시간 - 지진강도 관계와 측정위치들이 포함된 대규모 지형정보시스템(GIS) 데이터에 대한 분석에 Kriging 공간 통계분석법을 사용함으로써 첨두지반속도(PGV)와 파이프라인 및 건물의 손상정도의 관계를 구할 수 있었으며, 특히, Kriging법은 측정치에 포함된 오차 등 불확실한 요소들을 고려한 $90\%$의 신뢰도에 해당하는 지진강도-손상 관계를 구할 수 있어서 역거리 제곱법 등 다른 공간데이터 분석법에 비하여 우수한 방법이었다.

• 디지털콘텐츠학회 논문지
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• 제19권5호
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• pp.899-906
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• 2018

재난피해 손실의 최소화를 위하여 관련 정보의 체계적인 구축과 피해를 정량적으로 분석하는 것은 재난 예방, 대응 복구 등의 재난관리 전 단계에 있어서 매우 중요하다. 우리나라를 비롯한 세계 각국에서는 해당 지역 또는 특정 환경에 적합한 인벤토리, 취약성 정보, 재해 위험지도 등의 정보 구축 연구뿐만 아니라 경제적 손실, 인명 손실, 건물 손상도 추정, 피난처 분석 등을 포함한 재해 피해 평가 및 분석 도구 개발에 많은 노력을 기울이고 있다. 본 논문은 지진 재해를 중심으로 대표적인 지진 피해 위험 분석 도구를 선정하고, 이를 비교 분석하였다. 이를 통해, 관련분야의 연구자들뿐만 아니라 재난 관리 의사 결정자 등에게 적합한 분석도구의 선정, 응용 소프트웨어의 개발 및 확장 등에 있어서 유용한 정보를 제공할 수 있을 것이다.

• 한국구조물진단유지관리공학회 논문집
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• 제27권3호
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• pp.71-79
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• 2023

지진이 발생한 후 구조물의 안전성을 평가하기 위해 모든 교량 및 건축물에 지진가속도 및 변위를 계측하는 유지관리시스템을 구축하기는 효율적이지 않아, 이를 유지관리하기 위해서는 현장조사가 시행되며 조사범위가 넓은 경우 많은 시간이 소요된다. 그로 인해 2차 피해가 발생할 우려가 있으므로 신속한 개별 구조물의 안전성을 추정할 필요가 있다. 구조물의 지진 손상은 구조물에 인가된 지진력 정보와 구조해석모델을 이용하여 위험도평가 해석을 통해 예측할 수 있다. 이를 위해 지진 발생 시 임의위치에서 발생한 지진력을 추정할 필요가 있다. 본 연구에서는 국내 지진계측 기록과 선형추정방법 및 인공신경망 학습 방법을 활용한 임의위치의 지반 응답스펙트럼 및 가속도시간이력을 추정하는 방법들을 제안하고 적용성을 평가하였다. 선형추정방법의 경우 추정에 사용되는 인근 관측소의 위치가 가까울 경우 오차가 적었지만 멀어질 경우 오차가 크게 증가하였다. 인공신경망 학습 방법의 경우 동일한 조건에서 더 낮은 수준의 오차로 추정할 수 있었다.

• 한국지진공학회논문집
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• 제9권6호
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• pp.41-52
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• 2005

서울시 모델 구역의 건축물을 대상으로 가상 시나리오 지진에 의한 피해를 추정하였다. 다양한 주거 및 구조 특성을 대표할 수 있고 지반 증폭 효과를 고려할 수 있는 지역을 모델 구역으로 선정하였다. 모델 구역 내 건축물은 구조 형식에 따라 11 종류로 분류하였으며 HAZUS에서 제시한 값을 사용하여 역량 곡선(capacity curve)과 취약도 곡선(fragility curve)을 생성하였다. 가상 시나리오 지진의 지반 운동은 인공 지진 운동 생성 방법을 사용하여 생성하였으며 모델 구역을 표토층 두께에 따라 3개의 구역으로 나누고 지반응답해석을 수행하였다. 건축물의 피해 확률은 역량 스펙트럼 방법과 취약도 곡선을 사용하여 계산하였다. 최종적으로 GIS 데이터베이스를 활용하여 모델 구역 내 건축물의 전반적 피해 정도를 추정하였다.