• Journal of the Korean earth science society
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• v.28 no.6
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• pp.699-706
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• 2007

The purpose of this study is to examine the perceptions of pre-service teachers, which directly affect the concepts and ways of thinking of students who are studying Earth science. This work further seeks to identify pre-service Earth science teachers' Earth science-centered ways of thinking regarding the components and the process of water cycle. The concept sketch method was used to survey 50 pre-service teachers who majored in Earth science education at a National Teachers' University. The survey analyzed the preservice teachers' perceptions of a subordinate concept of Earth systems from the applied components of water cycle, and to code the applied concepts with the components of the water cycle based on a subordinate concept of Earth systems including Hydrosphere, Atmosphere, Geosphere, and Biosphere. The preservice teachers only perceived the components of the water cycle as ones in Hydrosphere and Atmosphere. In Biosphere, many participants lack the knowledge about how the actions of plants and animals, and human beings impact the water cycle. About the process of water cycle, the majority of the participants only perceived evaporation and precipitation as the process of cycling: their understanding about the underground flow of water was more lacking than the surface flow.

• Proceedings of the KSRS Conference
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• v.2
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• pp.582-585
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• 2006

Augustine volcano is an active stratovolcano located southwest of Anchorage, Alaska. Augustine volcano experienced seven significantly explosive eruptions in 1812, 1883, 1908, 1935, 1963, 1976, and 1986, and a minor eruption in January 2006. To measure ground surface deformation of Augustine volcano, we applied satellite radar interferometry with ERS-1/2 and ENVISAT SAR images acquired from three descending and three ascending satellite tracks. Multiple interferograms are stacked to reduce artifacts due to changes in atmospheric condition and retrieve temporal deformation sequence. For this, we used Least Square (LS) method for reducing atmospheric effects and Singular Value Decomposition (SVD) method for the retrieval of a temporal deformation sequence. Interferograms before 2006 eruption show about 3 cm/year subsidence by contraction of pyroclastic flow deposits from the 1986 eruption. Interferograms during 2006 eruption do not show significant deformation around volcano crater. Interferograms after 2006 eruption show again a several cm subsidence by compaction and contraction of pyroclastic flow deposits for a few months. This study demonstrates that satellite radar interferometry can monitor deformation of Augustine volcano to help understand the magma plumbing system driving surface deformation.

• Journal of the Korean earth science society
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• v.39 no.5
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• pp.501-515
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• 2018

In this study, the method of multiple working hypotheses (MMWH) as a method of earth scientific inquiry was applied in a context of abductive reasoning about the formation of a rock with a specific structure, and the characteristics of MMWH revealed in the reasoning process were explored. Participants were 31 senior undergraduate students enrolled in a course in a university of education. As part of the course, the participants performed abductive inquiry with multiple working hypotheses about the formation of a rock. The students were asked to record both the processes and results of their reasoning in sketchbooks. The content of the students' sketchbook reports was analyzed according to the principle of analytic induction. Results demonstrated four assertions. First, the participants' working hypotheses were suggested in the use of resource models, and the adaption of the resource models often occurred in this process. Second, the perceptual properties of evidence influenced the activation of the resource models. Third, the kinds of observed evidence and the different interpretations of evidence resulted into different judgments on working hypotheses. Fourth, sometimes new hypotheses were generated by the combination of alternative hypotheses. Implications of these findings for earth science education and relevant research were discussed.

• 한국지구과학회:학술대회논문집
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• 2004.02a
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• pp.2-12
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• 2004

The purpose for this study is to inquire into the effects of teaching methods in the class on the conceptual change of atmospheric pressure for middle school students. After analyzing the concept of atmospheric pressure in the middle school science textbooks on the present 7th Curriculum, classes were performed adopting classified Method A and Method B. For Method A, the textbook used that explains the concept in the view of weight. For Method B, the textbook used approaching to the concept in the views of molecular movement as well as of weight. This study consists of four classes in the third grade students of middle school in Busan, which were divided into the Method A group and the Method B group. The result of the study carried out pre-post each of these classes on the learning achievement and on the conceptual change of atmospheric pressure. The result of this study were as follows: First, the effect on the learning achievement was displayed the average score of the Method B was showing meaningful difference comparing to the Method A. Second, the effect on the conceptual change measured by verifying the score for the difference among the averages for each sub-scale three out of four conceptual factors, 'the direction of atmospheric influence and the reason', 'the principle of atmospheric action' and 'the atmospheric changes by the temperature rise on the surface of the earth and the reason', showed meaningful improvement. But, the one left factor, 'the distribution of atmospheric pressure by altitudes and the reason', displayed no meaningful difference. Third, The concept of atmospheric pressure is better defined as the pressure created by the movement of air particles, in the view of kinetic theory of gas, rather than explained by the notion of the weight of air.

• Journal of the Korean earth science society
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• v.36 no.5
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• pp.437-446
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• 2015

Many edge detection methods, based on horizontal and vertical derivatives, have been introduced to provide us with intuitive information about the horizontal distribution of a subsurface anomalous body. Understanding the characteristics of each edge detection method is important for selecting an optimized method. In order to compare the characteristics of the individual methods, this study applied each method to synthetic magnetic data created using homogeneous prisms with different sizes, the numbers of bodies, and spacings between them. Seven edge detection methods were comprehensively and quantitatively analyzed: the total horizontal derivative (HD), the vertical derivative (VD), the 3D analytic signal (AS), the title derivative (TD), the theta map (TM), the horizontal derivative of tilt angle (HTD), and the normalized total horizontal derivative (NHD). HD and VD showed average good performance for a single-body model, but failed to detect multiple bodies. AS traced the edge for a single-body model comparatively well, but it was unable to detect an angulated corner and multiple bodies at the same time. TD and TM performed well in delineating the edges of shallower and larger bodies, but they showed relatively poor performance for deeper and smaller bodies. In contrast, they had a significant advantage in detecting the edges of multiple bodies. HTD showed poor performance in tracing close bodies since it was sensitive to an interference effect. NHD showed great performance under an appropriate window.

• Journal of the Korean earth science society
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• v.25 no.6
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• pp.409-417
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• 2004

This study investigated the effects and development of instruction module using ICT on earth field at elementary school science. The effects by 5th graders appeared as follows; First. ICT-applied teaching method proved to enhance the science teaming achievement regardless of their grades compared to the ordinary one. Second, Instruction module using ICT devoted to improve 'self-directed learning characteristics' at all grades by comparition of the ordinary teaching method. The 5th graders showed the improvements in the fields of' openness', 'self-conception', 'initiative', 'future inclination', 'creativity', 'self-assessment ability' all of which belong to self-directed teaming characteristics. They did not, however, show meaningful effect on improving 'learning eagerness' and 'responsibility' improvement. Thirdly, ICT-applied teaching method proved that it is more effective for developing 'creativity' than the ordinary one at all sample grades. The effectiveness was presented highly at 'fluency', 'originality' all of which belong to creativity. They did not, however, show meaningful effect on improving 'flexibility'.

• Korean Journal of Mineralogy and Petrology
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• v.37 no.3
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• pp.127-138
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• 2024

We report an easy, efficient method for separating monazite grains using a sequence of gold pan, tap water, disposable sieve, magnet (0.35 T), and heavy liquid. The grain size after powdering (<230 ㎛) and the separation process using a water-filled pan (tilted at 10°) and a water supply (0.1 L/sec) followed the method described in Cheong et al. (2013). Ferro-magnetic minerals were most effectively removed using a magnet with a strength of 0.35 T (Tesla), but were not para-magnetic minerals such as monazite and xenotime. The remaining light particles from the previous process were finally separated using a heavy liquid, diiodomethane (CH₂I₂; G=3.32). Our method has the advantage of effectively separating not only monazite, but also xenotime and titanite.

• Journal of Korean Society of Forest Science
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• v.76 no.4
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• pp.348-356
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• 1987

A new simple method to estimate the earth quantity which is basic data for making the plan of mountain forest road is tried to develop as one of ways to reduce time cost of plan making. The zero-line surveying method, the concept of 2/3 road width in cut-away part and of same quantity between cut-away and fill-up earth which are the backgrounds to develop this method is introduced and explaned also it's theoritical propriety. Under the precondition which have to apply above concepts for constructing the mountain forest road the exchange table for estimating the earth quantity is made like table 3 and 4 through being calculated by a trigonometric function. Table 3 can be used to estimate the earth quantity on the cut-away road-width according to slope of terrain and different road-width, and table 4 can be applied to calculate the quantity of cut-away earth when to know the road-width of cut-away. When using these tables the performance of field surveying and office work for road plan will be highly increased.

• Journal of The Korean Association For Science Education
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• v.33 no.3
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• pp.639-649
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• 2013

The purpose of this study is to figure out how teachers conduct an experiment in measuring the size of the Earth and how students recognize it. For this study, an in-depth interview was conducted one week after the lesson on the experiment about measuring the size of the Earth. The participants were five secondary school teachers and five secondary school students. The in-depth interview was recorded and transcribed. The result of the interview was drawn through an inductive categorized analysis method. As a conclusion of this study, the teachers taught the students the lesson using alternate angles instead of using the altitude of the Sun. Their lessons were based on Eratosthene's story or some related illustrations suggested in the textbook and not based on an explanation of the principle. Also, students measured the Earth's size only by using alternate angles and didn't understand the meaning of the shadow in the experiment. The results of this study show that teachers need to reconstruct the textbook and understand the accurate experimental principle for the students to have a meaningful experience of the experiment on measuring the size of the Earth.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Earth Science Education
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• v.1 no.1
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• pp.72-84
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• 2008

This study is focused on the main concepts of gravity and geomagnetics which are introduced in the earth science textbooks of high school in 7th curriculum. This study examines the validity and accuracy of the Earth Science textbooks and shows some effective teaching plans by using the latest materials. This study also illustrates the main concepts of gravity and geomagnetics through presenting some effective and practical teaching-learning methods. The results of the study were as follows: First of all, a number of main concepts of six textbooks of high school were selected; the field of gravity, the direction and dimension of gravity, the measurement of gravity, the main reason of gravity anomaly and geoid, earth terrestrial magnetic field, secular variation of goemagnetics. Secondly, most Earth Science textbooks of high school explains the main concepts of the gravity and geomagnetics in similar ways. Those textbooks, however, don't put an emphasis on the essential contents which has been regarded as important thing in terms of the current educational course of study. The high school textbooks also use the material which is too old-fashioned and has some problems of accuracy and validity. Especially, many main concepts of the textbooks and scientific data(such as the direction of gravity, the measurement of gravity, the main reason of gravity anomaly, the use of geoid, secular variation) are different with those of South Korea, In addition, some materials(graphs and diagrams) are very old ones and they don't have authentic information.Finally, Among the various main concepts, some important ideas (the direction of the gravity and the method of measuring gravity, the measurement and use of gravity anomaly, the definition of geoid and secular variation of geomagnetics) should be corrected by showing the latest and authentic materials.