• 한국방사선학회논문지
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• 제15권2호
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• pp.131-137
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• 2021

본 연구는 임신초기 초음파 선별검사에서 태아의 후뇌 정중면을 이용하여 태아의 두개내투명대 기준 값을 제시하고 임상적인 의의를 찾고자 하였다. 2018년 8월부터 2020년 2월까지 I 병원 정기검진을 받는 산모들 중 머리엉덩길이 40.6 mm에서 78.3 mm에 해당되는 단태아 1529명의 두개내투명대를 측정하여 후향적으로 분석하였다. 회귀분석에서 머리엉덩길이가 증가할수록 두개내투명대는 54.3%의 설명력을 보이며 증가하는 경향을 보였다(P<0.001). 또한 빈도분석을 통해 임신주수별 두개내투명대의 백분위수 기준치를 산출하였다. 결과적으로 태아 두개내투명대의 한국인 기준치를 마련할 수 있었으며 임신초기 태아 후뇌의 평가에 있어서 척추이분증의 보조적 선별검사로 유용하게 적용될 것이다.

• Nutrition Research and Practice
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• 제16권1호
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• pp.120-131
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• 2022

BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES: Low early pregnancy serum 25-hydroxy vitamin D (25[OH]D) levels can increase gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) risk, although inconsistent findings related to that association have been reported. This study examined the association of serum vitamin D with GDM and the possible influencers on this association. SUBJECTS/METHODS: This study included 259 pregnant women within the Seremban Cohort Study (SECOST). Blood samples at < 14 weeks of gestation were drawn to determine serum 25(OH)D levels. GDM diagnosis was made at 24 to 32 weeks of gestation using a standard procedure. Association between serum vitamin D and GDM was tested using binary logistic regression. RESULTS: Nearly all women (90%) had mild (68.3%) or severe (32.2%) vitamin D deficiency (VDD). Non-GDM women with mild VDD had a significantly higher mean vitamin D intake than GDM women with mild VDD (t = 2.04, p < 0.05). Women with higher early pregnancy serum vitamin D levels had a greater risk of GDM. However, this significant association was only identified among those with a family history of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and in women with a body mass index indicating overweight or obese status. CONCLUSIONS: The high prevalence of VDD in this sample of pregnant women underscores the need for effective preventive public health strategies. Further investigation of this unexpected association between serum vitamin D level and GDM risk in predominantly VDD pregnant women and the potential effects of adiposity and family history of T2DM on that association is warranted.

• 한국임상수의학회지
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• 제16권1호
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• pp.8-12
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• 1999

The erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR) test could be applied well in clinic of men, horses or dogs. But the ESR test was not applied to clinic ruminants except for buffaloes since it was too low measure. To overcome this problem angled tube method was developed. This method was found to be useful for making diagnosis and prognosis. The results were summarized as follows. 1. In the early pregnancy condition, corrected ESR did not changed when compared with normal valures. 2. In the middle pregnancy condition, corrected ESR was increased when compeared with normal valures. 3. In the latter pregnancy condition, corrected ESR was increased when compeared with normal valures. 4. After parturition condition, corrected ESR did not changed when compeared with normal valures.

• 부모자녀건강학회지
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• 제11권1호
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• pp.3-14
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• 2008

Purpose: This study was to investigate the healthy lifestyle of women during pregnant. Method: This study reviewed the preceding researches related to pregnant women's healthy lifestyle through websites, articles, and books. Result: To promote healthy and pleased pregnancies, pregnant women were encouraged to get early and regular prenatal care. It included information, education, and counseling about how to handle special arrangements for pregnancy: weight gain, drug, smoking, alcohol, exercise, air travel, dental care, maternity clothes, vaccination, sex during pregnancy, workplace, hair treatment, hot tubs & saunas. Conclusion: Prenatal visits gave expected woman and partner chances to increase self-care and performance of a healthy lifestyle and then reduced the risk of having pregnancy-related complications.

• Clinical and Experimental Reproductive Medicine
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• 제48권4호
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• pp.295-302
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• 2021

As glucocorticoids are well-known as important regulators of stress and the immune system, their function and clinical use have elicited substantial interest in the field of reproduction. In particular, the effect of glucocorticoid therapy on endometrial receptivity during assisted reproduction, including in vitro fertilization (IVF) cycles, has led to a great deal of interest and controversy. However, previous studies have not been able to provide consistent and reliable evidence due to their small, non-controlled designs and use of different criteria. Considering the potential risk of exposure to glucocorticoids for mothers and fetuses in early pregnancy, the use of glucocorticoids in IVF cycles should be carefully evaluated, including the balance between risk and benefit. To date, there is no conclusive evidence that the use of glucocorticoids improves the pregnancy rate in IVF cycles with unselected subjects, and a further investigation should be considered with a proper study design.

• 한국임상수의학회지
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• 제14권2호
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• pp.301-307
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• 1997

These studies were performed to provide some basic informations for developing an automatic system in dairy farming cattle in order that the farmers may easily and automatically detect the maintenance of pregnancy and the fact of abortion of the pregnant cows and also to find out the diseased animals with fever. As a method of automatical detection of the maintenance of pregnancy or the fact of abortion, weighing the pregnant cows was conducted from one month-pregnancy to the term using a digital balance. From the first to the 3rd month of pregnancy the body weight of dairy cows was slowly increased (less than 2% per month), then, relatively high increase (3.4% -4.3% per month) from the fourth to the seventh month followed by decrease (3.3%) in the 8th month and very low increase (0.8-0.9%) from the 9th month to the term were shown, resulting in increase of 128.8 kg (25.05%) of body weight to be compared with the first weight. More than 107, increase of body weight to be compared with the first month-weight was denoted from the 61th month of pregnancy and more than 20% increase from the 7th or the 8th month of pregnancy as wells consequently it was presumed that detection of the maintenance of pregnancy is possible from the 4th or the 5th month of pregnancy. It was possible to diagnose a cow aborted at the 6th month by continual weighing the cow from the 1st month of pregnancy. The calved cows showed considerably higher decrease of body weight even in the third week after parturition (p<0.01)to be compared with the body weight near to the term (81.8-102.0 kg, 14-16% decrease). During the same period of 8months, the pregnant cows gained 127.4 kg (24.78% increase), whereas the non-pregnant cows gained 33.0 kg (0.71% increase) to be compared with the first weight showing considerably higher increase of body weight gain in the pregnant cows than the non-pregnant cows (p<0.01). The statistics of body temperatures of dairy cattle were collected from three clinics including the Teaching Hospital of Chonbuk University and the diseases were classified simply by the major symptoms manifested, denoting the highest temperature in respiratory disease ($39.8{\circ}C$) and the lowest in alimentary disease ($39.6{\circ} C$). These informations of body temperatures were expected to be of value for early and automatical detection of the diseased animals with fever when automatic machinery would be established. The results of periodic weighing the body weight of pregnant cows while milking were also expected to be of great use for the farmers to detect the maintenance of pregnancy and the fact of abortion when the automatic system is established in the near future.

• 한국산학기술학회논문지
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• 제20권10호
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• pp.446-451
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• 2019

본 연구의 목적은 인공수정 기법을 이용한 한국 재래흑염소 계통별 인공수정 수태율을 알아보고자 정액의 성상, 수태율 및 분만율을 조사하고, 임신진단을 위한 소의 임신진단 키트의 활용 가능성을 알아보는 것이다. 재래흑염소에서 전기자극을 통해 정액을 채취하여 3계통(당진, 장수, 통영)별 정액분석과 발정동기화 된 암컷에 인공수정을 실시하여 계통별 번식능력을 조사하였다. 인공수정된 암컷에서는 소의 임신진단 키트(IDEXX Rapid Visual Pregnancy Test kit)와 초음파진단으로 임신을 확인하였다. 그 결과 개통별 정액채취량은 1~1.5 ml 내외였으며, 정액농도는 $18{\sim}25{\times}10^8/ml$, 정액 채취 직후 정자활력은 97% 이상 높게 나타났다. 그리고 임신진단의 결과에서 소의 임신진단 키트와 초음파진단 모두 동일한 결과를 보였으며, 계통별 인공수정 수태율의 효율은 20~44%로, 통영계통이 44%로 가장 높게 나타났고 장수계통이 20%로 인공수정 수태율이 낮게 나타났다. 본 연구 결과를 통해 한국 재래흑염소의 계통별 인공수정 효율을 알 수 있었고, 조기 임신진단을 위한 소 임신진단 키트의 활용가능성을 확인할 수 있었다. 본 연구 결과는 재래흑염소 증식과 개량에 기여할 수 있을 것으로 사료된다.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제13권10호
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• pp.1359-1366
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• 2000

An experiment was carried out to study plasma levels of hormones and metabolites of crossbred Holstein cattle during late pregnancy (28 days pre partum), early lactation (30 days post partum), mid-lactation (120 days post partum) and late lactation (210 days post partum). Two breed types of Holstein $Friesian{\times}Red$ Sindhi (50:50 = 50%HF) and Holstein $Friesian{\times}Red$ Sindhi (87.5:12.5 = 87.5%HF) were divided into four groups of four animals each. Two groups of each breed were fed with either rice straw treated with 5% urea or pangola hay (Digitaria decumbens) as the source of roughage throughout the experiments. There were a substantial increases in the mean levels of total triiodothyronine ($T_3$), insulin and glucagon at the onset of lactation, and maintained in a high levels during lactation advance for all groups of experiments. The mean levels of prolactin and thyroxine ($T_4$) were not significantly different among groups of animals, but the plasma cortisol concentration was slightly higher in both groups of 50%HF in comparison with those of 87.5%HF animals. The mean levels of plasma growth hormone (GH) of both groups of 87.5%HF animals feeding on either hay or urea treated rice straw markedly rose in the early period of lactation and markedly reduced in mid- and late lactation. These changes were accompanied with changes of milk yield. In contrast to 50%HF animals, plasma GH levels were considerably higher in the late pregnant period than in the early period of lactation and it remained constant as its value at the early lactation throughout the experimental period. The high levels of both plasma progesterone and estradiol concentration significantly declined after parturition and remained low through lactating period. The plasma glucose level in the 50%HF animals feeding on either hay or urea treated rice straw was higher than the 87.5%HF animals in all periods of experiments. Changes in plasma FFA levels of both types of crossbred animals were depended on the endocrine status during late pregnancy and lactation. The levels of plasma FFA of 50%HF animals were significantly higher (p<0.05) than those of 87.5%HF animals during late pregnancy. Both plasma ${\beta}$-hydroxybutyrate and lactate concentrations were not affected by feeding on either hay or urea treated rice straw during late pregnancy and lactation. These data demonstrate that there were no differences in the physiological performances in the same crossbred animals fed either hay or urea treated rice straw. The 87.5%HF animal has the genetic potential for a high milk yield and homeorhetic adaptation for mammary function differed from 50%HF animals during periods of lactation. Altering lactation persistency in 87.5%HF is regulated mainly by chronically acting growth hormones through the period of lactation.

• 치위생과학회지
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• 제6권2호
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• pp.101-105
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• 2006

본 연구는 2005년 3월 14일부터 4월 28일까지 서울시내 일부지역 산부인과 2곳, 보건소 1곳, 임산부 체조교실 2곳을 직접 방문하여 임신 20주 이상 된 임산부 200명을 대상으로 구강청결도를 수량으로 표시할 수 있는 간이구강위생지수를 측정하여 임산부의 구강위생상태를 임신기간별로 파악하여 향후 임산부 구강건강관리 및 구강보건교육을 위한 기초 자료로 활용하고자 조사한 결과 다음과 같은 결론을 얻었다. 1. 임신기간별 간이구강위생지수는 임신초기는 $1.10{\pm}0.91$이고 임신중기는 $1.78{\pm}1.02$이며, 임신말기의 간이구강위생지수는 $1.73{\pm}1.03$으로 나타났다. 임신기간 전체의 간이구강위생지수는 $1.47{\pm}1.03$이며, 간이잔사지수는 $0.96{\pm}0.51$이고 간이치석점수는 $0.51{\pm}0.52$로 나타났다. 2. 임신기간별 상악과 하악의 간이구강위생점수는 상악과 하악 모두 임신초기, 중(말)기에서 통계적으로 유의한 차이를 보였다(p < 0.01). 임신초기보다는 중(말)기로 갈수록 잔사지수, 치석지수, 간이구강위생지수 모두 상승하는 것으로 나타났다. 3. 임신기간별 전치부와 구치부의 간이구강위생점수는 전치부와 구치부 모두 임신초기, 중(말)기에서 통계적으로 유의한 차이를 보였다(p < 0.01). 임신초기보다는 중(말)기로 갈수록 잔사지수, 치석지수, 간이구강위생지수 모두 상승하는 것으로 나타났다.

• 한국발생생물학회지:발생과생식
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• 제14권3호
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• pp.207-214
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• 2010

The tremendous changes of uterine endometrium are observed during early pregnancy and protease and their inhibitors are involved in regulation of cell proliferation and remodeling of the tissues through remodeling the extracellular matrix (ECM). Some of the proteases and protease inhibitors have been suspected to a factor in endometrial changes but many parts of their expression profiles and the physiological roles are not uncovered. To evaluate the functional roles of them, in this study the expression profiles of proteases and protease inhibitors were analyzed using real-time quantitative PCR analysis. Mmp9 (matrix metalloproteinase 9) mRNA levels peaked on day 4 at the time of implantation. On the other hand, Ela2 (neutrophil elastase, NE) mRNA levels were peaked on day 2 of pregnancy. Its expression were decreased until day 4 of pregnancy but increased rapidly until day 7 of pregnancy and decreased again. NE inhibitor Slpi (secretory leukocyte protease inhibitor, SLPI) mRNA levels were related with the implantation stage and with the levels of Ela2. At the time of implantation the expression levels of Slpi mRNA were about 5 times higher than the Ela2 mRNA in the uterus. In the implantation stage embryos, Mmp9 specific mRNA was only detected at the blastocyst. On the other hand, the expression level of SLPI was higher than that of the Ela2 mRNA at blastocyst and 4.5 day p.c. embryos. Based on these results it is suggested that MMP9, SLPI, and NE have important physiological role in embryo implantation both in uterus and embryos.